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Kido, Hiroyuki,Nakashima, Kenshiro,Nakahara, Masaya,Hashimoto, Jun The Korean Society of Combustion 2001 한국연소학회지 Vol.6 No.2
In order to elucidate the turbulent burning velocity of the two-component fuel mixtures, the lean and rich two-component fuel mixtures, where methane, propane and hydrogen were used as fuels, were prepared keeping the laminar burning velocity nearly the same value. Clear difference in the measured turbulent burning velocity at the same turbulence intensity can be seen among the two-component fuel mixtures with different addition rate of fuel, even under nearly the same laminar burning velocity. The burning velocities of lean mixtures change almost monotonously as changing addition rate, those of rich mixtures, however, do not show such a monotony. These phenomena can be explained qualitatively from the local burning velocities, estimated by considering the preferential diffusion effect for each fuel component. In addition, a prediction expression of turbulent burning velocity proposed for the one-component fuel mixtures can be applied to the two-component fuel mixtures by using the estimated local burning velocity of each fuel mixture.
Pulmonary Metastases After Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Masahito Kido,Hidetoshi Kuruma,Hiroshi Sasaki,Kenta Miki,Manabu Aoki,Takahiro Kimura,Hiroyuki Takahash,Chihiro Kanehira,Shin Egawa 대한비뇨의학회 2014 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.55 No.5
Purpose: To analyze unusual events and focus discussion on pulmonary metastasis in particular after low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) for prostate cancer (PCa). Materials and Methods: A total of 616 consecutive patients who had undergone LDR-BT for clinically localized PCa at Jikei University Hospital between October 2003 and April 2010 were enrolled in this study. Follow-up information was summarized, and patterns of biochemical recurrence and clinical outcome were investigated. Results: Disease risk was stratified as low-risk in 231 patients, intermediate-risk in 365, and high-risk in 20, respectively. Of these patients, 269 (43.7%) had received hormonal therapy (HT) in combination with LDR-BT, and 80 (13.0%) had received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Average dosimetric parameter values with and without EBRT were 95.3% and 94.2% for V100, 132.8 Gy and 164.2 Gy for D90, and 180.6 Gy2 and 173.7 Gy2 for the biologically effective dose. Biochemical recurrence was noted in 14 patients (6.1%) in the low-risk group, 25 patients (6.8%) in the intermediate-risk group, and 6 patients (30.0%) in the high-risk group, respectively. In these cases of biochemical recurrence, 9 (64.3%), 13 (52.0%), and 4 patients (66.7%) in each respective risk group showed signs of clinical recurrence. Five patients (19.2%) with clinical recurrence developed pulmonary metastases, of which 4 were isolated lesions. All tumors responded favorably to subsequent HT. Conclusions: LDR-BT for biologically aggressive PCa may be linked to possible pulmonary metastasis owing to tumor dissemination during seed implantation. This information is important in planning adequate treatment for these patients.
Flame Propagation to Lean Region in Stratified Mixture Formed by Transient Gas Fuel Jet
Toshiaki KITAGAWA,Hiroyuki KIDO,Kyu Sung KIM,Hirotaka KOGA 한국자동차공학회 2001 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.- No.-
Combustion characteristics of the stratified mixture were examined by the experiments using a constant volume bomb and the numerical simulations of counterflow premixed flame. We investigated the characteristics of the flame propagation to the lean region and examined the minimum equivalence ratio of the lean region that the flame generated in the rich region can propagate to, as the bulk quenching was found to occur in the over lean region.<br/> In the experiments, the stratified mixture was formed in the constant volume bomb by the injection of gaseous propane into the lean propane-air mixture charge, whose equivalence ratio was less than the lower flammability limit of the premixed mixture. The flame generated in the fuel jet region propagated wide into the lean mixture charge region as the stoichiometry of the mixture charge was increased, even though the charge was too lean to ignite. This result shows the flame in the rich region propagates into the lean region by the "back-support" of the rich flame.<br/> Numerical study of counterflow premixed flame was examined next in order to investigate the interaction between the rich flame and the lean region. Rich and lean mixtures were opposed and the stoichiometry of the lean mixture was varied widely. Reaction rate of the propane in the lean mixture was large when the equivalence ratio of the lean mixture was 0.40 or more.<br/>
Mikio Sakakibara,Mitsuhiko Kido,Jun Kuribayashi,Hiroshi Okada,Ataru Igarashi,Hiroyuki Kamei,Toshitaka Nabeshima 대한정신약물학회 2015 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.2
Objective: The pharmacological effects of generic (GE) donepezil are the same as Aricept, its brand-name counterpart. However, little is known as to whether these two drugs provide the same quality of life (QOL). The study subjects were patients with Alzheimer’s disease who were taking donepezil hydrochloride tablets, and were selected by visiting either the local pharmacies or the patients’ homes. We chose the brand-name drug Aricept and its GE form donepezil to investigate, from a long-term caregiver’s perspective, the influence of both drugs on the patients’ QOL. Methods: An EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) was used to assess the QOL of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, before and after various Aricept and/or donepezil regimens. Patients were divided into four groups: first time users of Aricept (n=43), first time users of GE donepezil (n=45), users refilling previous prescriptions of Aricept (n=51), and users switching from Aricept to GE donepezil (n=51). Results: The average change in the EQ-5D utility indices rose significantly in the patients starting a new regimen of Aricept and its GE drug. The patients continuing an existing regimen of Aricept showed no significant differences, even after Aricept was switched to a GE drug. Conclusion: The QOL of patients starting a new regimen of Aricept and its GE drug improved. The QOL was maintained upon switching to the GE drug form.
Regulation of Pancreatic β-Cell Mass by Gene-Environment Interaction
Shun-ichiro Asahara,Hiroyuki Inoue,Yoshiaki Kido 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.1
The main pathogenic mechanism of diabetes consists of an increase in insulin resistance and a decrease in insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. The number of diabetic patients has been increasing dramatically worldwide, especially in Asian people whose capacity for insulin secretion is inherently lower than that of other ethnic populations. Causally, changes of environmental factors in addition to intrinsic genetic factors have been considered to have an influence on the increased prevalence of diabetes. Particular focus has been placed on “gene-environment interactions” in the development of a reduced pancreatic β-cell mass, as well as type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Changes in the intrauterine environment, such as intrauterine growth restriction, contribute to alterations of gene expression in pancreatic β-cells, ultimately resulting in the development of pancreatic β-cell failure and diabetes. As a molecular mechanism underlying the effect of the intrauterine environment, epigenetic modifications have been widely investigated. The association of diabetes susceptibility genes or dietary habits with gene-environment interactions has been reported. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of gene-environment interactions in pancreatic β-cell failure as revealed by previous reports and data from experiments.