Capsaicin이 성숙한 흰쥐의 통각반응과 open-field 행동에 미치는 영향

박순권,김현택,나흥식,홍승길 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.7 No.1

성숙한 흰쥐에게 전신계로 투여한 capsaicin(150㎎/㎏)이 개방장(open-field)행동과 통각반응의 역치 및 반응잠재기에 미치는 효과를 알아보았다. 첫째, open-field행동에는 capsaicin의 효과가 관찰되지 않았는데 이것은 capsaicin이 흰쥐의 정서반응성과 운동기능에는 영향을 미치지 않음을 의미하는 것이다. 둘째, capsaicin 투여에 의해 열자극에 대한 앞발 및 뒷발핥기의 역치는 변화되지 않았으나, 뛰어오르기의 역치는 증가되었다. 또한 역치 이상의 열자극에 대한 뒷발핥기 반응의 잠재기도 capsaicin 투여에 의해 증가되었다. 이 결과는 비교적 약한 열자극에 대한 적응반응에는 capsaicin이 영향을 미치지 않으나 강한 열자극에 대한 대처반응에는 영향을 미치는 것으로 해석된다. We investigated the effects of capsaicin(s.c. 150㎎/㎏) on the open-field behaviors and the thresholds and latency of nociceptive responses in adult rats. Results are as follows. 1) Capsaicin did not affect open-field behaviors. It hints that capsaicin did not alter the emotionality and motor function of rats. 2) Whereas the threshold of jumping was elevated, those of fore and hind paw licking were not in animals treated with capsaicin. Capsaicin also enhanced hind paw licking latency to thermal stimulus over thershold in hot plate test. These results suggest that capsaicin affects the coping reaction to strong thermal stimulus, but not adaptive reaction to mild stimulus, in adult rats.

냉간성형 금형용강(STD11)의 형조각 방전가공 특성에 관한 연구

박흥식,전태옥 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1995 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.2

This study has been performed to investigate MRR(metal removal rate), REW(relative electrode wear), surface roughness, heat transmutation layer and microhardness distribution in cross-section of the machined surface varing pulse-on duration and peak pulse current to find out the best EDM condition of the heat treated STD11 which is extensively used for metallic molding steel by using the die sinking EDM.

알루미나 세라믹스의 분위기 압력변화에 따른 마모특성에 관한 연구

박홍식,김용완,김형자,김영대 釜慶大學校 1996 釜慶大學校 論文集 Vol.1 No.2

This study was investigated to the tribology characteristics for the alumina ceramics(Al₂O₃) in the variation of ambient pressure. The sliding wear test was carried out under the condition of the various applied load, sliding distance and the ambient pressure with mate specimen made of STB2 stee. The results obtained are as follows : 1. As the ambient pressure decreases, the friction coefficient increases, becasue the protective layer made of absorption substance can not be fromed due to decrease of the amount of ambient gas. 2. The friction coefficient of purity 85% alumina is higher than that of purity 95% and 99.7% alumina because of the influence of heat accumulation. 3. As the applied load increases in each ambient pressure, the friction coefficient increases due to brittle fraction of alumina grain and great action of cohesion. However, the gap of the friction coefficient by the variation of the contact load is small in the vacuum. 4. The friction coefficient regarding the variation of sliding distance increases by on inital 60 meters of the sliding distance, however, the friction coefficient is almost constant after the sliding distance.

지속적 농업발전을 위한 유기농업전략

박흥식,정순재,오주성,최성관 東亞大學校 大學院 1999 大學院論文集 Vol.24 No.-

The economic impact on the environment and human health caused by conventional chemical intensive agriculture is causing scientist to re-assess the development of agricultural systems. Pesticides and processed chemical fertilizers have been shown to becausing environmental disruption which will nudermine the resource base on which agriculture production depends. The rise of sustainale agriculture, integrated pest management, organic agriculture, and other forms of alternative agriculture are a result of varmers and researchers searching for new solutions to the problem of food production which does not endanger the all important agriculture are a result of farmers and researchers endanger the all important agriculture resource base. Organic agriculture is one approach which has been developing more quickly in recent years with increasing consumer purchasing power. Organic agriculture has shown itself to be sa or more profitable, and in many cases as productive as conventional agricultural methods on some crops. Further development of organic agriculture, and low-input agriculture will require further modification of policies which overwhelmingly support high imput, chemical intensive agriculture.

중세말은 위기의 시대였는가? : 아벨의 「농업위기」 논쟁을 중심으로 Controversies on Abel's Agricultural Crisis

박흥식 신라대학교 교육과학연구소 2003 교육과학연구 Vol.- No.8

Chlorambucil이 Mouse 심근 조직에 미치는 영향에 대한 실험적 연구

박원학,정형재,이충식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1989 충남의대잡지 Vol.16 No.2

The cardiotoxic effects of high dosage (20㎎/Kg) of chlorambucil (CA) given inrperitoneal injection were evaluted for each time interval (1, 3, 4, and 14 day) in 162-days ald A/J Swiss Ablino mice. Histological alterations of myocarcium reveal thet during the early stage (3 day) of CA administration there is “wavy myocardium”. In CA adiministration for 7 days, myocardial changes included vacuolar degeneration and occur ence of contraction bands. More advanced myo-cardial lesions are characterized by myofibrillar loss, separation of intercalared disc and interstitial fibrosis. With lapse of time, these morphological changes were developed. In histochemical studies, the number of glycogen granules in myocardium showed decrease with time. Myocardial lipid deposition stained by Oil-red-O was significantly increase in vaculoar and perivacuolar region of mice receiving for 14 days of administration. Myocardial calcium concentration was a slight increase in 14 days administration. Significant increase of serum creatine phosphokinase preceded the severe histological alteration and CPK values returned to control ranges in 14 days of administration. This which was combined with the function of the myocardium at serum CPK level, may play an important parameter to cardiotoxicity.

Capsaicin 사전 투여에 의한 흰쥐의 공격성 감소 및 자율적 체온조절의 결손

박순권,홍승길,나흥식,김현택 한국심리학회 한국심리학회지 생물 및 생리 Vol.7 No.1

capsaicin 사전 처치가 흰쥐의 공격성과 체온조절에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 생후 6주경에 capsaicin을 피하주사하였고, 완전히 성숙한 후에 공격성 및 체온조절 기능을 검사하였다. 실험 1의 공격성 검사 결과 capsaicin 처치동물들의 공격성은 통제동물보다 낮았는데, 이것은 선행 연구의 결과와 상반된다. 체온조절 기능을 알아본 실험 2에서는 capsaicin 처치동물들이 37℃ 및 40℃ 조건에서 과체온과 빠른 체온증가를 보여주었다. 이것은 출생 직후 또는 성숙한 후에 약물을 투여한 선행연구들과 일치되는 결과이다. 따라서 capsaicin이 체온조절에 미치는 영향은 투여 시기와 무관한 것 같다. 논의에서는 본 연구의 두 가지 결과를 시상하부와 관련시켜 해석하였다. The present study was designed to examine effects of capsaicin administration on aggressive behaviors and autonomic thermoregulation in rats. In six-week-old rat, capsaicin was injected subcutaneously on 4 consecutive days in increasing doses(20㎎/㎏, 30㎎/㎏, 30㎎/㎏, 50㎎/㎏) to total of 150㎎/㎏ of the drug. The controls were treated in the same way with vehicle alone. Two experments began six or eight weeks after the treatment. In experiment 1, isolation-induced agressive behaviors, scored a 10-min session in the dyadic situation, were significantly decreased by capsaicin pretreatment. This result was not in accord with the previous findings. In experiment 2, body temperature of the capsaicin-treated rats increased more than the control's at two amibient temperatures studied(37℃ and 40℃). Our result concerning thermoregulation supports the preceding studies that applied to the capsaicin-treated animals as neonate or adult. Thus, it is likely that the effect of capsaicin treatment on thermoregulation has nothing to do with the age of capsaicin injection. The capsaicin effects from this study were compared with hypothalamic lesion effects in the discussion part.

국내에서 생산 판매되는 담배 각초에 존재하는 알칼로이드 함량과 주류연의 연기성분 비교 연구

박병주,신주식,임흥빈 충북대학교 연초연구소 2006 煙草硏究 Vol.20 No.-

국내에서 시판되고 있는 69종의 궐련담배 각초를 재료로 하여 궐련담배 각초에 함유되어 있는 alkaloid 함량을 측정하고 궐련담배 주류연의 tar 및 nicotine 함량을 측정하여 비교분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 국내에서 시판되고 있는 귈련담배는 tar와 nicotine의 함량이 각각 5 mg, 0.5 mg 수준인 담배가 가장 많았다. 2. 국내에서 시판되는 궐련담배 각초 alkaloid 성분의 평균함량은 nicotine 15.7±1.8 mg/g, nornicotine 432±182 μg/g, anabasine 63±28 μg/g, myosmine 52±17 μg/g이었다. 3. Alkaloid 성분 중 nornicotine 함량은 타사 제품에 비해 A사와 군소업체 제품담배에서 유의하게 높았다. 4. 국내에서 시판되는 궐련담배 각초에 존재하는 nicotine의 주류연으로의 이행율은 10 % 이하였다. This study was carried out to compare alkaloids contents existed in tobacco shred, with major components in tobacco smoke from 69 cigarette brands being on sale in Korea. Alkaloids and cigarette smoke components were analysed by gas chromatography. Cigarette brands with the level of tar 5 mg/cig and nicotine 0.5 mg/cig in mainstream smoke were major in Korea. Mean values of nicotine, nornicotine, anabasine, and myosmine contents existed in tobacco shred from 69 cigarette brand were 15.6 ± 1.9 mg/g, 431 ± 187 ug/g, 62 ± 28 ug/g, 53 ± 16 ug/g, respectively. Nornicotine contents existed in tobacco shred of cigarette brands manufactured by A company and some small companies were relatively higher than that other three major companies. Direct transfer rates of nicotine from shred to mainstream smoke in most cigarette being on sale in Korea was lower than 10%. These results indicates that alkaloids contents in tobacco shred from cigarette have something to do with cigarette smoke components and this analysis have to fulfil periodically in order to obtain a basic information for quality evaluation of cigarette smoke in connection with smoking and healths.

Three-Dimensional Z-Plasty(Yoon's Method)를 이용한 내안각 췌피 성형술

박흥식,김우신,윤진호,나민화,김한중 대한미용성형외과학회 1997 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.1

The presence of epicanthal folds in Asian eyelids is one of their unique features, in combination with the lack of supratarsal folds. Western culture has influenced many people to prefer to eliminate the prominent epicanthal fold. A number of surgical techniques have been suggested for their correction. However, difficulty with design, excessive and prominent scarring of medial canthal and nasal area, recurrence, and rigidity of application are potential problems associated with many procedures. This paper describes a epicanthoplasty with three-dimensional Z-plasty. Through epicanthal fold incision, the medial canthal tendon is medially advanced and sutured to the periosteum of nasal bone. After the transposition of the flaps, trimming of the flap is usually required. Three-dimensional Z-plasty creates the attractive eyes. From March, 1995 to March, 1997, the technique was applied to 37 patients with epicanthal fold and was performed with or without double-fold operation. There were 34 females and 3 males with ages ranging from 17 to 30 years. Through 2 years follow-up, this technique has delivered esthetically good results with minimal postoperative scar and could made the reduction of ICD from 40 ± 2.13 mm to 34 ± 1.98 mm. The advantages of epicanthoplasty procedure using three-dimensional Z-plasty(Yoon's method) are as follows; 1) simple in design 2)minimal postoperative scar in the medial canthal area 3) versatile in its application 4) no recurrence 5) no hypertrophic scar 6) preserving ethnic identity.

내부고발에 대한 유교 윤리 및 집단주의 태도의 영향 : The Impacts of Confucian Ethics and Collectivism

박흥식 서울대학교 행정대학원 2003 行政論叢 Vol.41 No.3

이 연구에서는 내부고발의 지지 및 보복의 우려에 흔히 동아시아 문화적 특징으로 간주되는 유교 윤리 및 집단주의 태도가 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 검토하였다. 관련 변수들에 대한 측정 지표 개발과 중간직 공무원 344명을 대상으로 한 질문지 조사 자료를 바탕으로, 결과를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 이 연구는 유교 윤리 및 집단주의적 태도가 내부고발에 부정적 영향을 미친다는 일반적인 주장이나 믿음은 사실과 어느 정도 다른 것을 발견하였다. 예컨대, 유교 윤리 중 군신의 의나 부분 유별은 내부고발에 부정적이나 친구 간 신의는 오히려 그 반대였다. 또 수평적 집단주의 태도를 가진 사람이 오히려 수직적 개인주의자보다 내부고발을 더 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 이러한 결과에 근거해 내부고발과 유교 윤리 및 집단주의 태도간의 영향 관계가 그렇게 단순히 부정적인 것으로 일반화하기 힘든, 보다 복잡한 것으로 설명했다. 이 밖에 이 연구는 유교 윤리 중 남녀차별이 함축하는 남성 우월적 태도가, 그리고 집단-개인주의보다는 오히려 수직-수평적 태도가 내부고발에 보다 유력한 영향 변수일 가능성을 제시하렸다. 이러한 연구는 그 동안 영향 변수를 개인, 조직, 상황 요인에 한정하던 기존의 내부고말 논의에 새로이 비교 문화 변수를 추가하는 것이다. This paper reports on the impact of Confucian ethics and cillectivism, which are considered as cultural characteristics of Eastern Asian countries, on government employees' attitudes toward support of whistleblowing and their fear of retaliation. Based on the measures of major variables, this study collected data from a total of 344 public officials. Most people in Asia believe that Confucian ethics and cillectivism have negative relationships with attitudes toward whistleblowing. However, the results showed that this belief was seldom supported by the data. For instance, the effects of truthfulness of the sovereign and his subjects, as well as the distinction between husband and wife in confucian thics, on whistleblowing attitudes were negative as anticipated. However, the effects of cinfidence between friends in Confucian ethics tended to be the opposite. The study also found that horizontal collectivists support whistleblowing more than vertical individualists. Thus, the results od this study suggest that the relationships between whistleblowing and Confucian ethics, and those between whistleblowing and collectivist attitudes, are not sufficiently simple to be able to conclude that they are negative. Furthermore, the study notes that male-dominated attitudes reflected in the distinction between the roles of hudband and wife, as well as a horizontal-vertical distinction between attitudes moght be significant variables for explaining attitudes toward whistleblowing.