Circulating Neutrophil Phagocytic Dysfunction Is Associated with Systemic Inflammation, Hyponatremia, and Renal Impairment in Patients with Cirrhosis

( Hayam El Aggan ),( Myriam Helmy ) 대한간학회 2021 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2021 No.1

What Affects Korea–US Relations?

Hayam Kim,허욱(Heo Uk) 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2016 Pacific Focus Vol.31 No.1

Despite a plethora of studies on ROK–US relations, few have systematically examined the factors that have caused changes in the relationship between the two states. To fill this gap in the literature, this article investigates the factors that have caused the fluctuation in the relationship between South Korea and the United States in recent years. The authors argue that three factors have affected ROK–US relations in recent decades: (i) domestic politics; (ii) the international factor; and (iii) a series of incidents that contributed to the rise of anti-US sentiments in South Korea. These changes in the internal and external political environment have altered the relationship between Seoul and Washington and have caused considerable friction between the two countries.

Poster Session:PS 0553 ; Transplantation : The Balance Between Interleukin 17-Secreting T Helper Cells and Regulatory T Cells after Renal Transplantation: Relation to Graft Function and Survival

( Hayam El Aggan ),( Nahla Farahat ),( Mohamed Emara ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: Interleukin 17 (IL17)-secreting T helper (Th17) cells are major mediators of infi ammation-associated disease and have a reciprocal developmental and functional relationship with the immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs). The present work was designed to study the balance between Th17 cells and Tregs after renal transplantation in relation to graft function and survival. Methods: Twenty renal allograft recipients and 20 healthy subjects were included in the study. The Th cells, Th17 cells and Tregs in fresh blood samples were identifi ed as CD4+, CD4+IL17+ and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells respectively using fi ow cytometry. Serum and urinary IL17A levels were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay kit. Renal hemodynamics were evaluated by duplex Doppler ultrasonography and the resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the intra-renal arteries were calculated. Results: There were signifi cant increases in the percentage of circulating Th17 cells and Th17/FoxP3+Treg ratio and serum and urinary IL17A levels and a significant decrease in the percentage of circulating FoxP3+Tregs in renal allograft recipients compared with healthy subjects and in patients with chronic allograft nephropathy compared with those with stable renal function (P <0.001). The percentages of Th17 cells were positively correlated with serum and urinary IL17A levels, serum creatinine and renal RI and PI and inversely correlated with the percentages of circulating FoxP3+Tregs and creatinine clearance (P <0.05). Also, renal RI and PI were positively correlated with serum and urinary IL17A levels and inversely correlated with the percentage of circulating FoxP3+Tregs (P <0.05). Conclusions: In renal transplant recipients, the CD4+ Th cell phenotype is skewed toward IL17-secreting cells rather than toward Foxp3+ Tregs. The imbalance between these immune cells plays an important role in graft dysfunction with deterioration of renal function.

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Azo-Sulfa-Based Disperse Dyes and Their Application in Polyester Printing

Hayam A. Abd El Salam,Mohamed S. Abdel‑Aziz,Eslam Reda El‑Sawy,Elkhabiry Shaban 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.8

For conjugating sulfa drug moieties with Schiff’s bases scaffold in the same build through an azo linker to take advantage of the bioactive feature of both motifs, we designed and synthesized a series of bioactive disperse dyes. The target disperse dyes, methyl 2-(E-2-hydroxy-5-((E)-(4-sulfa-derivative) diazenyl)benzylidene) hydrazine-1-carbodithioates 4a–e have been synthesized via the acidic reaction of azo dyes 3a–e with methyl hydrazine carbodithioate. Structures of the synthesized dyes were clarified based on their spectral and elemental analyses. The effectiveness of the dyes was initially tested as an antibacterial toward Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P and Escherichia coli ATCC 25933. Dyes that were proven to be effective against bacteria have been used as disperse dyes to print polyester fabrics. The color properties of the dyes and their fastness properties counting washing, perspiration, light, rubbing, and sublimation fastness were also examined. The printed polyester fabrics were evaluated for their antibacterial activity via colony-forming unit (CFU) technique. Fabric samples treated with 4c, 4d, and 4b had promising anti-Gram-positive activities against S. aureus. Whereas 4c-, 4d-, and 4b-treated fabrics exhibited moderate anti-Gram-negative activities against the test bacterium E. coli.

Dendritic Cell Subsets and Serum Interleukin-12 in Schistosomal Hepatic Fibrosis: Relation to Severity of Liver Disease and Renal Injury

( Hayam El Aggan ),( Mona Salem ),( Wessam El Gendy ),( Wageh El Gebaly ),( Eman El Gohary ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Chronic infection with schistosomiasis is associated with down-regulation of T-cell immune responses that require activation by innate immune cells like dendritic cells (DCs). The present work was designed to study the DC subsets (myeloid and plasmacytoid) in peripheral blood and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-12 in patients with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis (SHF) in relation to severity of liver disease and renal injury. Methods: Forty five patients with SHF and 15 healthy subjects were included in the study. The severity of liver disease was assessed using Child-Pugh classification and the Model of End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. Renal injury was assessed by measuring urinary albumin excretory rate (UAER) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The percentages of CD11c+ myeloid and CD123+ plasmacytoid DC subsets in peripheral blood were identified using 3-color flow cytometry. Quantitative determination of IL-12p70 heterodimer in serum was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Renal biopsies from patients with macroalbuminuria were examined by immunohistochemical technique for DCs and angiogenesis using antibodies against OX62 and factor VIII-related antigen respectively. Results: The percentages of circulating CD11c+ and CD123+ DC cells, CD11c+DC/CD123+DC ratio and serum IL-12 levels showed significant decreases in patients with SHF compared with healthy subjects (P<0.01). Renal tissues from patients with macroalbuminuria showed significant increases in the number of DCs and angiogenesis compared with normal renal tissues (P<0.01). The percentages of circulating DC subsets and serum IL-12 levels were inversely correlated with Child-Pugh score, MELD score, number of renal DCs, renal angiogenesis and UAER and were positively correlated with eGFR. The number of renal DCs showed positive correlations with UAER and renal angiogenesis and negative correlation with creatinine clearance (P<0.05). Conclusions: Dendritic cell dysfunction with a deficient IL12 production seems to play a role in the progression of liver disease and renal injury in SHF. DC-based vaccines may provide a potential new goal for immunotherapy in SHF.

Comparative Analysis of Economic Development in South Korea and Taiwan: Lessons for Other Developing Countries

( Hayam Kim ),( Uk Heo ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2017 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.41 No.1

Economic development in South Korea and Taiwan has received considerable scholarly attention, as they are two of the most successful cases since the 1960s. For all their similarities, differences also exist. Thus, we revisited economic development in South Korea and Taiwan to draw lessons for other developing countries. Our analysis indicates that no single development model will work in every country. Countries may learn from the successful cases but need to adjust the development model according to their political and economic conditions.

Private-Sector Networks, Democracy, and Interstate Relations: A Case Study of South Korea and Taiwan

( Uk Heo,Hayam Kim ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2012 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.36 No.1

Since South Korea and Taiwan established diplomatic ties in August 1948, the relationship between Seoul and Taipei has gradually expanded through public channels and private-sector networks. However, South Korea`s normalization of relations with China in 1992 led Taiwan to sever its formal ties with South Korea. Nevertheless, Seoul and Taipei expanded their economic and cultural privatesector exchanges. What made this possible? We argue that the private-sector networks developed through economic and cultural exchanges enhanced national interests, which explains why the two governments facilitated expansion of their informal ties. Although the importance of personal networks has been studied in the context of intergovernmental organization memberships, there is a void in the literature on how private-sector networks may affect foreign relations. Thus, this study sheds light on the effects of private-sector networks on interstate relationships.

Prospects for U.S.-Korea Economic Relations

Uk Heo,Hayam Kim 한국공공정책학회 2008 공공정책연구 Vol.15 No.3

South Korea and the United States have maintained a close relationship throughout the Cold War. Their economic relationship has also progressed in the past several decades. However, with new political elites in South Korea after the transition to democracy, the relationship between the two countries has changed. Trade friction has also occurred as the level of trade between the two countries has increased. To deal with the trade issues and to improve the changed relationship between the two countries, Seoul and Washington signed a free trade agreement, the so called KORUS FTA, in 2007. Despite the difficulties expected in ratification, the KORUS FTA is likely to go through the legislatures in both countries considering all the benefits of the trade agreement. With ratification of the KORUS FTA, the economic relationship between the two countries is likely to continue to prosper in the near future.

Encapsulation of Low Metronidazole Dose in Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) Nanoparticles Improves Giardia intestinalis Treatment

Madbouly Neveen Adel,Nashee Hayam,Elgendy Ashraf Ahmed,Rabee Ibraheem,El Amir Azza 대한감염학회 2020 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.52 No.4

Background: The present study was designed to investigate the antigiardial efficacy of low metronidazole dose loaded-D.L-lactide-co-glycolide (LMD-PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and to compare it with the standard high dose of metronidazole either free (HMD) or loaded on PLGA (HMD-PLGA). Materials and Methods: PLGA NPs were prepared by single emulsification method, metronidazole (MTZ) was loaded in low and high doses. The nanoparticles were evaluated in vivo for mice model. The Giardia intestinalis infected mice were treated by LMD and HMD either free or PLGA NPs loaded, the parasitic load and ployclonal antigiardial serum antibodies (IgG and IgA) were recorded. Histopathological studies on intestinal and liver sections were applied. Results: MTZ-PLGA NPs was successfully prepared with 81.68% encapsulation efficiency and with an average particle size of approximately 228.00 ± 43.19 nm and -32.28 ± 0.07 mV Zeta potential. Experimentally, it was observed that Giardia intestinalis infected animals administered with LMD-PLGA had completely eliminated cyst shedding and trophozoite count compared with Giardia-infected mice. Further, it was found that animals belonging to LMD-PLGA group had significantly reduced levels of antigiardial IgA (0.99 ± 0.05) antibodies in serum compared with Giardia-infected. Histopathologyically, also animals belonging to LMD-PLGA treated group had intact mucosal epithelium lining, and normal villi with no detection of G. intestinalis trophozoites. In addition to the less toxic effect on the liver tissue compared to free HMD, HMD-PLGA and infected-untreated groups using Ishak grading system. Conclusion: Our study showed that PLGA nanoparticles could be atrial delivery systems for antigiardial drugs to improve their therapeutic efficacy and minimize their side effects that results from frequent dosing.

Developing Strategy: A Guide For Nurse Managers to Manage Nursing Staff's Work-related Problems

Gab Allah Amal Refaat,Elshrief Hayam Ahmed,Ageiz Marwa Hassan 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess nursing staff's work-related problems as perceived by their managers and thereafter develop strategies that would serve as a guide for nurse managers to manage these problems. Methods: A descriptive research design was used. The participants included in the study consisted of the following two groups: Group 1da convenience sample of 150 first-line managers working at three different hospitals; and Group 2da panel of experts for the Delphi technique, selected using the Snowball sampling technique. Tools for data collection included the following: Tool 1dquestionnaire about nursing staff's problems; Tool 2dDelphi technique to develop strategies for managing nursing staff's problems; and Tool 3dopinionnaire format. Results: The recruited first nurse managers were of the opinion that job stress, work overload, conflict, workplace violence, poor performance, staff turnover, demotivation, lack of empowerment, and staff absenteeism were among the common problems faced by staff nurses at work. Conclusion: From the expert panelists’ perspectives, the newly developed strategy in this study was considered valid; the researchers recommend the strategy developed in this study to be universalized in different health care settings and used as a guide for nurse managers.