http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Hamdan Khaldoun Mohammad,Al-Bashaireh Ahmad M.,Al-Dalahmeh Mohammad,Saifan Ahmad Rajeh,Albqoor Maha Alkaid,Shaheen Abeer M. 대한중환자의학회 2023 Acute and Critical Care Vol.38 No.4
Background: There is a growing need for palliative care globally due to the rapid aging of the population and improvement in cancer survival rates. Adequate knowledge and a positive attitude are vital for palliative care nurses. The study’s purpose was to examine nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care.Methods: A cross-sectional design with convenience sampling was used. The study included 182 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses from Jordanian hospitals in all sectors. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze the data.Results: We measured nurses’ knowledge using the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing, and we measured nurses' attitudes using the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying scale. The mean total knowledge and attitude scores were 8.88 (standard deviation [SD], 2.52) and 103.14 (SD, 12.31), respectively. The lowest level of knowledge was in psychosocial and spiritual care (mean, 0.51±0.70). The percentage of nurses with unfavorable attitudes was 53.3%. Significant differences in knowledge and attitude levels were observed according to educational level, experience, and hospital type.Conclusions: ICU nurses have insufficient knowledge and inappropriate attitudes toward palliative care. Knowledge of psychological and spiritual aspects of palliative care was particularly lacking as were appropriate attitudes towards communication with dying patients. Improving knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care in nursing schools and hospitals would help overcome this problem.
Nanotube deposition in a continuous arc reactor for varying arc gap and substrate temperature
Hamdan M. Yusoff,Rahul Shastry,Thomas Querrioux,John Abrahamson 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.3
A new continuous method for producing mounted carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been developed using the arc discharge method, in which a woven carbon substrate is used as a carbon source. In the process, carbon nanotubes grow on the fibres of the carbon substrate during the arc discharge. The method used differs from the conventional arc discharge method in that it deposits on the anode using low current (less than 20 A), with inter-electrode gaps of more than 5 mm and is run at atmospheric pressure, so that the substrate can be continuously fed and recovered. The aim of this work was to study the effect of the physical parameters of the arc on substrate surface temperature and on the CNT growth there. The effects of arc gap and buffer gas flow through the anodic substrate were investigated. An optical pyrometric technique was used to determine the substrate surface temperature. It was found that carbon nanotube growth was favoured over the temperature range 3600–3700 ± 50 K and not favoured at higher temperatures of 3800–4000 ± 50 K. This indicates that CNT growth is unlikely to be due to vaporization/condensation of small molecular carbon species.
Droplets behavior impacting on a hot surface above the Leidenfrost temperature
Hamdan, Khaleel Sami,Kim, Dong-Eok,Moon, Sang-Ki Elsevier 2015 Annals of nuclear energy Vol.80 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Experimental studies of droplet behaviors impacting on a hot surface above the Leidenfrost temperature have been performed to provide improvements in the modeling of heat transfer in a ballooned surface characteristic of a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA). Droplets of known size and velocity were impacted on a hot surface above the Leidenfrost temperature. The spreading of droplets into a liquid film on the surface and the breakup of the droplets were observed using a high-speed camera. For droplets of higher normal Weber number than a threshold value, the higher the normal Weber number of the droplet the smaller the secondary droplets. The conventional correlations showed fairly good agreements with the maximum spreading diameters of the droplets on the hot surface. On the other hand, the size of the secondary droplets resulting from an impact upon the hot surface was not well predicted by the COBRA-TF correlation. A new improved model for the secondary droplet size was developed using the mass conservation with a correction factor. The new model showed good predictions of the secondary droplet size for the present experiment as well as other experiments.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The droplet behaviors impacting on a hot surface above the Leidenfrost temperature has been performed. </LI> <LI> The droplet diameters, velocities, and spreading diameters were measured. </LI> <LI> The COBRA-TF correlation over-predicts the breakup size of secondary droplets. </LI> <LI> A new model for the breakup size of secondary droplets was developed. </LI> <LI> The new model predicts the present experiments as well as other experiments. </LI> </UL> </P>
Inhibitory Effect of Solid Inhibitors on LPG Combustible Mixtures
Hamdan, M. A.,Yamin, J. A.,Dabbas, R. K. Korean Chemical Society 2010 대한화학회지 Vol.54 No.3
액화석유가스-공기 불꽃에 대한 2가지 열적 금지제(즉, 돌가루, 탄산칼슘)의 억제효과를 연구하였다. 이를 위해 이들 금지제를 가하기 전과 후 가연성 혼합물의 가연성 한도를 측정하여 조사하였다. 그 결과, 탄산칼슘이 돌가루에 비해 억제 효과가 우수하였다. An experimental rig was constructed in order to study the inhibitory effects of two thermal inhibitors namely; stone and calcium carbonate, on Liquefied Petroleum Gas -air flames. This was achieved by measuring the flammability limits of the combustible mixtures before and after the addition of these inhibitors. It was found that calcium carbonate has superior inhibitory effect on the combustible mixture under investigation while, Stone has a lower inhibitory effect than that of calcium carbonate.
Employee Voice Mechanisms in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Abdulmonem Hamdan Alzalabani 한국고용노사관계학회 2012 産業關係硏究 Vol.22 No.1
This paper explores employee voice practices and the effectiveness of the new system of employee representation that organisations in Saudi Arabia have started forming to provide a channel for workers to voice their interests inside the workplace. It will examine to what extent workers think the existence of these committees is important in the workplace, after several years of operation, and their effectiveness in achieving their goals. The data will cover many private sector organisations, including firms that already have workers’ committees and those that are expected to follow. Also, it will focus on the viewpoints of employees about employee participation practices in their organisations. The findings show that employee voice is practiced only in large companies in the private sector. However, the majority of employees support the formation of worker’s committees in their workplaces, although, in general, there is a lack of employee awareness of such committee regulations and the existing workers’ committees are evaluated as low effective. The results also identify four predictors of effectiveness of these committees: cooperation of employers, healthy industrial relations climate, employees’ participation and mutual trust between employees and their representatives.
Ali Hamdan,Hassan Khozyem,Eman Elbadry 대한자원환경지질학회 2021 자원환경지질 Vol.54 No.3
The relationship of both heavy metals and major elements in soil, plants, and groundwater was studied in a hyper-arid area and depends completely on the groundwater to cover its all needs. The study reviles that 27.3% of the studied groundwater was strongly acidic and has very low pH values (<pH 5.5). The groundwater has a serious corrosion effect on the metallic infrastructure, a negative effect on the plant growth rate, and an increase in soil degradation and acidity. The distribution of both heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) and major elements (Ca, Mg, Na, and K) in groundwater, soil, and Alfalfa plants are identical. The high concentration of elements in groundwater impacted both plants and soil. In general, not all the studied groundwater is suitable for irrigation or day-life uses; therefore, a pre-use treatment is necessary for most of the studied sites.
Fahamsyah Hamdan Latief,홍순익 대한금속·재료학회 2015 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.21 No.4
The combined effects of thermo-mechanical treatment and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) on the strength and microstructure of Cu-3.75Ag were studied. The strength of Cu-3.75Ag at 1% strain after eight passes of ECAP with two intermediate heat treatments reached 758 MPa and 849 MPa in route A and route Bc respectively. The hardness increased upon heat-treatment in route Bc, in contrast to the drop of the hardness in route A, suggesting that the hardening caused by re-precipitation is more active due to more effective dissolution of second- phase particles in route Bc. The flow stress increased more rapidly with intermediate heat treatments and reached 842 MPa after 8 passes, greater than that (791 MPa) without intermeadiate heat treatment in route Bc. The more rapid increase of strength/hardness and the attainment of higher hardness/strength after intermediate heat treatment are likely to be attributed to the formation of more stable wall structure and rearrangement of solute atoms/precipitates. The spacing between precipitates in Cu-3.75Ag ECAPed for 4 pass in route Bc was measured to be approximately 12.5 nm, which is close to the calculated activated length (12.8 nm). The most probable rate controlling mechanism of Cu-3.75 Ag is suggested to be the interaction between dislocations and precipitates.