http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The Initiative for Korean Unification
Halm, Pyong Choon 영남대학교 통일문제연구소 1971 統一問題硏究 Vol.2 No.-
In conclusion, a basic propositions may be formulated as follows, 1. The Korean national unification is a national objective which commands highest priority in terms of Korean nationalism. 2. The national unification is a nationalistic imperative as a prerequisite for national integration whithout which national development is in serious jeopardy. 3. So long as the Korean nation remains divided, there is no possibility of viable peace and stability on the Korean peninsula. 4. Without a firm prospect of viable peace and stability on the Korean peninsula, the entire East Asia can scarecely hope for a lasting peace and stability. 5. The North Koreans are committed both ideologically and politically to the "war of national liberation." For them the national unification is an end-product of such a revolutionary war. 6. On the other hand, the Republic of Korea is committed to the prevention of another fratricidal war on the Korean peninsula. It considers the non-violent means is the only acceptable means for the Korean unification. 7. If the national unification is to be achieved only at the cost of a war and a communization of the entire peninsula, the South Koreans consider the cost prohibitive. 8. For the sake of peace in the Far East, the initiative for the Korean reunification must rest with Republic of Korea.
Robin Eelsing,Ahmad Masih Ahmadi,Jens Anthony Halm,Tim Schepers 대한정형외과학회 2024 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.16 No.1
Background: The sinus tarsi approach (STA) has gained popularity for the treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures. No large studies comparing wound complications worldwide after STA surgery are available. The aim of this systematic review was to compare postoperative wound complication (POWC) and postoperative wound infection (POWI) rates following STA surgery between continents and countries and their differences in climate. Methods: A literature search was performed using the databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies published before January 1, 2000, including < 10 patients and written in a language other than English were excluded. Results: In total, 86 studies containing 4,392 surgeries via STA from 20 different countries were included. The mean POWC was 5.9% and the mean POWI was 4.4%. The highest median POWC rate was in North America (8.5%) and the lowest in South America (2.0%). No significant differences were found in the POWC and POWI rates between countries (p = 0.178 and p = 0.570, respectively), but significant differences were found between the POWC and POWI rates between continents (p = 0.011 and p = 0.036, respectively). The number of surgeries per year and climate differences, as represented by mean local temperature, were not correlated with both the POWC/POWI rates and functional outcome scores. Conclusions: Significant differences between the POWC and POWI rates were found between continents but not between individual countries. With a mean POWC of 5.9% and a mean POWI rate of 4.4%, STA has an intrinsic low risk for complications given the minimally invasive nature of the approach and is inevitably becoming the gold standard for calcaneal surgery.
Sonesson, Mikael,Al-Qabandi, Fahad,Mansson, Sven,Abdulraheem, Salem,Bondemark, Lars,Hellen-Halme, Kristina Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.1
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the artefacts of 12 fixed orthodontic appliances in magnetic resonance images obtained using 1.5-T and 3-T scanners, and to evaluate different imaging sequences designed to suppress metal artefacts. Materials and Methods: In vitro, study casts of 1 adult with normal occlusion were used. Twelve orthodontic appliances were attached to the study casts and scanned. Turbo spin echo (TSE), TSE with high readout bandwidth, and TSE with view angle tilting and slice encoding for metal artefact correction were used to suppress metal artefacts. Artefacts were measured. In vivo, 6 appliances were scanned: 1) conventional stainless-steel brackets; 2) nickelfree brackets; 3) titanium brackets; 4) a Herbst appliance; 5) a fixed retainer; and 6) a rapid maxillary expander. The maxilla, mandible, nasopharynx, tongue, temporomandibular joints, and cranial base/eye globes were assessed. Scores of 0, 1, 2, and 3 indicated no artefacts and minor, moderate, and major artefacts, respectively. Results: In vitro, titanium brackets and the fixed retainer created minor artefacts. In vivo, titanium brackets caused minor artefacts. Conventional stainless-steel and nickel free brackets, the fixed retainer, and the rapid maxillary expander caused major artefacts in the maxilla and mandible. Conventional stainless-steel and nickel-free brackets caused major artefacts in the eye globe (3-T). TSE with high readout bandwidth reduced image artefacts in both scanners. Conclusion: Titanium brackets, the Herbst appliance, and the fixed retainer caused minor artefacts in images of neurocranial structures(1.5-T and 3-T) when using TSE with high readout bandwidth.
이철범,정태열,함시영,김혁,정원상,김영학,강정호,지행옥,박용욱,Lee, Chul-Burm,Chung, Tae-Yul,Halm, Shee-Young,Kim, Hyuk,Jung, Won-Sang,Kim, Young-Hak,Kang, Jung-Ho,Jee, Heng-Ok,Park, Yong-Wook 대한흉부심장혈관외과학회 2000 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.33 No.4
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH) is a deep-seated pleomorphic sarcoma, which occurs principally as a mass of the extremities, abdominal cavity, or retroperitoneum in adults. However, it only rarely occurs in the chest wall. An 85-year-old man had undeergone excision of a small mass on the right posterior chest wall under local anesthesia 14 months age. However, the lesion did not heal and the mass recurred. He was referred to our hospital after the mass had grown to a size of 10.5$\times$8$\times$4cm with a 3$\times$3cm skin defect. Intraoperative frozen biopsy revealed MFH. An en-bloc wide resection and thin-thickness skin graft from his thigh were performed. Although distant metastasis to the lund developed 14 months later and the patient died 2 months later, there was no local recurrence. Thin-thickness skin graft is a simple method for a wide range skin defect, especially in the old age. He recovered in good condition without any physical disabilities.