Study on the differential gene expression of elm leaves fed on by Tetraneura akinire Sasaki

Hai‑bo Lu,Ling‑pin Jin,Dong Wei,Zhi‑hong Huang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.12

Background To study the essential molecular mechanism of gall formation is very important. Objective To investigate the differential gene expression in leaves fed on by Tetraneura akinire Sasaki and to provide a basis for the better understanding of the essential molecular mechanism of gall formation. Methods The infected leaves of the elm were divided into three periods: initial formation period (T2), growth and differentiation period (T3), and cracking period (T4). The untouched leaves were used as the control (T1). RNA-Seq was performed, and the high-quality sequences were mapped to the reference genome and the elm gene database to obtain the gene expression profiles. The expression level of each gene was calculated by the RPKM method. A combination of FDR ≤ 0.01 and the absolute value of |log2 ratio (T/CK)| ≥ 2 was used as the threshold to determine the significance of gene expression. Finally, GO and pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify the significantly enriched functional classification and metabolic pathways in DEGs. Results The results revealed that approximately 244 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T2, including 192 up-regulated and 52 down-regulated mRNAs; approximately 175 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T3, including 145 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated mRNAs; and approximately 372 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T4, including 360 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated mRNAs. Approximately 34 differentially expressed genes were identified by Venn analysis. Comparing the three infection periods to the control, there were 28 up-regulated and six down-regulated mRNAs. Additionally, 562 genes were used for cluster analysis, which revealed that the gene expression in T2 and T3 changed greatly. Genes related to cell proliferation and respiration, such as microtubulin and 6-phosphoric acid fructose kinase were mainly up-regulated during the T2 period. Genes encoding lipoxygenase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and protease inhibitor were up-regulated during T2 and T3. Genes encoding lignocellulose synthase were up-regulated during T4, which suggests the reinforcement of the cell wall to improve the resistance to the damage of the Tetraneura akinire Sasaki. Conclusions The results showed that the feeding of Tetraneura akinire Sasaki caused the differential expression of elm genes and influenced cellular energy metabolism. These changes in physiological response and gene expression of the elm compose the physiological and molecular basis of the gall formation and may improve the resistance of elm to Tetraneura akinire Sasaki.

Numerical calculation of irregular tire wear caused by tread self-excited vibration and sensitivity analysis

Hai-bo Huang,Yi-Jui Chiu,Xiao-xiong Jin 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.7

Tire wear negatively affects vehicle safety and riding comfort. Abnormal wear is more dangerous and wears tires out more quickly. In this paper, numerical and sensitivity analyses of polygonal wear caused by unstable vibration are presented. The model used for this study was based on the works of Sueoka. Tread self-excited vibration was analyzed in a quantitative sense, which was qualitatively different from the work of Sueoka. Wear was plotted on tire circumference visually. The mechanism governing polygonal tire wear was investigated as that both the polygonal wear and the standing wave are caused by two types of tread vibrations that only differ in the extent of the tread vibration. Sensitivity analysis shows that decreases in tread mass and stiffness and increases in tread damping lead to noticeable reductions in tire wear. This information could help tire manufacturers produce tires that exhibit less wear caused by tread vibration.

Corrosion behavior and creepage discharze character for machinable AlN/h-BN ceramic composites

Hai-yun Jin,Bo He,Nai-kui Gao,Zong-ren Peng,Ji-qiang Gao 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2008 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.9 No.5

AlN particles coated with nano-BN were synthesized. The AlN/BN ceramic composites were sintered by Plasma Active Sintering (PAS). Because the nano-BN crystals were homogeneously dispersed around the AlN grains of the matrix, the chemical corrosion resistance of AlN/nano-sized h-BN ceramic composites was higher than that of AlN/micro-sized h-BN ceramic composites and monolithic AlN ceramics. Due to the better hydrophobic property of h-BN, the AlN/BN composites had a better hydrophobic property than the monolithic AlN ceramic, at the same time, because of the homogeneous dispersion of the nano-BN, the creepage discharze voltage of AlN/nano-sized BN composites was the highest. AlN particles coated with nano-BN were synthesized. The AlN/BN ceramic composites were sintered by Plasma Active Sintering (PAS). Because the nano-BN crystals were homogeneously dispersed around the AlN grains of the matrix, the chemical corrosion resistance of AlN/nano-sized h-BN ceramic composites was higher than that of AlN/micro-sized h-BN ceramic composites and monolithic AlN ceramics. Due to the better hydrophobic property of h-BN, the AlN/BN composites had a better hydrophobic property than the monolithic AlN ceramic, at the same time, because of the homogeneous dispersion of the nano-BN, the creepage discharze voltage of AlN/nano-sized BN composites was the highest.

매실 혼합물이 DSS로 유도된 염증성 장질환 동물모델의 면역조절에 미치는 활성

Hai-Lan Jin,Bo-Ram Lee,Kyung-Jik Lim,Trishna Debnath,Heung-Mook Shin,Beong-Ou Lim 한국약용작물학회 2011 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.19 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Pruns mume, Schisandra chinensis, Chaenomeles sinensis-- Prunus mume mixtrue (PM) treatment on colitis induced in mice by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment. A total of 25 male BALB/c mice (average weight 20.7 ± 1.6 g) were divided into 5 treatment groups and fed a commercial diet (A), PM administration (B), commercial diet + induced colitis by DSS (C), PM administration + induced colitis by DSS (D) and sulfasalazine + induced colitis by DSS (E). We found that PM treatment (D) and sulfasalazine (E) decreased the expression of TNF-α and COX-2 compared to the DSS-induced colitis group (C). The expression of IL-4, STAT6, IFN-γ, STAT1 was decreased in group D and group E compared to the colitis group (C), COX-2 and STAT1 were more decreased in group D. The serum IgE levels decreased in the PM treatment groups (C and D) compared to the non-PM treatment groups (A and B) although there was no significant difference between the PM treatment groups. It is notable that a therapeutic application of the PM extracts ameliorated DSS-induced colitis in mice.

An Investigation of Surface Roughness in Ultrasonic Assisted Dry Grinding of 12Cr2Ni4A with Large Diameter Grinding Wheel

Hai-Feng Chen,Jin-Yuan Tang,Wen Shao,Bo Zhao 한국정밀공학회 2018 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.19 No.6

Ultrasonic assisted dry grinding (UADG) is a novel green manufacturing technology for decreasing the negative environment impact of cutting fluids and improving the surface characteristics. In this study, the influences of the ultrasonic amplitude, grinding depth and grinding velocity on the surface roughness in ultrasonic assisted dry grinding of 12Cr2Ni4A with a large CBN grinding wheel were investigated. Due to the Poisson effect, the ultrasonic assisted dry grinding using a large diameter grinding wheel is the combination of axial ultrasonic assisted grinding and radial ultrasonic assisted grinding. The results indicated that the main axial ultrasonic component tended to smooth the surface topography by increasing the interaction overlap of the adjacent cutting traces, but it would result in more side flow/ploughing on the surface at a larger ultrasonic amplitude; the radial ultrasonic component exerted a function on the increase of the surface roughness through deepening the individual grinding trajectories. Thus, the surface roughness decreased first and then increased with the increase of grinding depth due to the combined contribution of axial and radial vibrations. However, the improving effect of ultrasonic vibration on the surface roughness gradually weakened with the increase of grinding velocity. Under proper operating parameters, surface roughness obtained in ultrasonic assisted dry grinding can be reduced up to 30% compared with that of common dry grinding.

Inhibitory effect of Hericium erinaceus extracts on HT-29 and CMT-93 colon cancer cells

Hai Lan Jin,Seung Yuan Lee,Bo Ram Lee,Trishna Debnath,Abul hasnat,Beong Ou Lim 한국식품영양과학회 2011 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2011 No.10

Gateway Framework for In-Vehicle Networks Based on CAN, FlexRay, and Ethernet

Jin Ho Kim,Suk-Hyun Seo,Nguyen Tien Hai,Bo Mu Cheon,Young Seo Lee,Jae Wook Jeon IEEE 2015 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.64 No.10

<P>This paper proposes a gateway framework for in-vehicle networks (IVNs) based on the controller area network (CAN), FlexRay, and Ethernet. The proposed gateway framework is designed to be easy to reuse and verify to reduce development costs and time. The gateway framework can be configured, and its verification environment is automatically generated by a program with a dedicated graphical user interface (GUI). The gateway framework provides state-of-the-art functionalities that include parallel reprogramming, diagnostic routing, network management (NM), dynamic routing update, multiple routing configuration, and security. The proposed gateway framework was developed, and its performance was analyzed and evaluated.</P>

A Robust Adaptive Controller for Markovian Jump Uncertain Nonlinear Systems with Wiener Noises of Unknown Covariance

Jin Zhu,Hong-sheng Xi,Hai-bo Ji,Bing Wang 대한전기학회 2007 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.5 No.2

A robust adaptive controller design for a class of Markovian jump parametric -strict-feedback systems is given. The disturbances considered herein include both uncertain nonlinearities and Wiener noises of unknown covariance. And they satisfy some bound-conditions. By using stochastic Lyapunov method in Markovian jump systems, a switching robust adaptive controller was obtained that guarantees global uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop jump system.

Two new sesquiterpenoids from endophytic fungus J3 isolated from Mangrove Plant Ceriops tagal

Yan-Bo Zeng,Hai-Gang Gu,Wen-Jian Zuo,Li-Li Zhang,Hong-Jin Bai,Zhi-Kai Guo,Peter Proksch,Wen Li Mei,Hao Fu Dai 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.5

Two new sesquiterpenoids, named 2a-hydroxyxylaranolB (1) and 4b-hydroxyxylaranol B (2), togetherwith a known diterpenoid 3,4-seco-sonderianol (3) wereisolated from the fermentation of endophytic fungus J3 ofCeriops tagal. Their structures were elucidated based onspectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR(HMQC, 1H-1H COSY and HMBC). All compounds wereevaluated for their cytotoxic activities by MTT method,and compound 3 exhibited cytotoxic activities againstK562, SGC-7901, and BEL-7402 cell lines.

Design and Implementation of Transfusion Auxiliary Device by Patient Manual Control Dressing Change

Jiang Jin-gang,Shen Rui-chao,Wang Bao-fu,Gu Bo-yang,Tang Hai-bo,Jiang Ze-hao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.11

Transfusion auxiliary device by patient manual control dressing is proposed. It is realized by one-way rotation ratchet mechanism, which is consistent of slider-crank mechanism and double pawl ratchet mechanism. Dressing change is automatically realized by patient manual control rope. This reduces the labor intensity of the medical staff, shortens the waiting time of the patients. This device has the advantage of low cost, large market space.