小兒腎症候群에 關한 臨床的 觀察

金幸美,李昌浩,具滋薰,安斗洪 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.2

著者는 지난 3年間 慶北醫大 附屬病院小兒科에 入院하였던 特發性腎症候群 患兒 38名을 對象으로 臨床症狀, steroid療法에의 反應度, 豫後에 영항을 미치는 要因, 再發樣狀等을 觀祭하였으며 steroid 療法에 不良한 反應을 보인 17名에서는 經皮的腎生檢을 시행하였다. 또한 9名에서는 methylprednisolone의 "pulse" therapy, 5名에서는 cytoxan을 使用하여 아래와 같은 結果를 얻었다. 發病年齡은 3~7歲가 16名(42%)으로 가장 많았고 男兒 28各, 女兒 10名으로 男女比 約 3:1로 男兒가 많았다. 初發 및 再發時의 臨床症狀은 심한 全身浮腫이 71.1%, 腹水 및 胸腔渗出液이 65.8%, 胃腸障碍가 47.4%에서 觀察되었으며, 初期 steroid療法으로 完全寬解를 보인 경우는 14名(37.8%), 部分的寬解 17名(46%), 不良한 反應을 보인 경우는 6名(16.2%)였으며 20名(57.1%)에서 2週以內에 利尿의 招來 및 蛋白尿 消失을 보였다. 腎炎所見은 全例에 있어서 血尿 21.6%, 高血壓 10.8%. 및 窒素血症 24.3%로서 steroid 療法에 不良한 反應을 보인 患兒들에게서 높은 頻度를 나타내었으며, 1年以上 追跡觀察된 21各中 9名(43%)에서 첫 1年以內에 再發이 있었고 再發例의 約 半數에서 上氣道感染이 동반되었다. 17名에서 施行한 腎組織檢査 所見은 minimal change 8例, membranoproliferative glomeruloneph ritis 및 membranous glomerulopathy 各 3例, focal segmental sclerosis 1例 및 focal proliferative glomerulonephritis 2例로서 男女比는 13:4였다. 이 중 steroid 療法에 反應이 좋지 않았던 9各에 있어서 methylprednisolone의 "pulse" therapy를 시행한 結果 5名에게는 檢査所見의 현저한 好轉 및 再發이 없어지는 등의 成果를 얻었으며, 또한 cytoxan을 使用한 5名中 2名에서 完金寬解가 있었다. 같은 期間 동안 入院하였던 急性絲球體腎炎 患兒 54名中 6名에서 二次性腎症候群이 병발되었으며, 또한 1日 2gm/㎡ 以上의 多重의 蛋白尿는 急性絲球 體腎炎 6名 및 心不全症 2名에서 觀察되었다. A clinical observation was done on 38 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, who had been admitted to our pediatric department during 2 years and 9 months period, from January 1978 to September 1980. The following results were obtained: At the beginning of illness. 42% were in the age group of 3-7 year, and male to female ratio was approximately 3:1 of male preponderance. During initial attack and subsequnt relapses, pitting edema on extremities was noticed in all cases, followed in frequency by generalized edema in 71%, ascites and/or pleural effusion in 65.8% and GI trouble in 47.4%. Response to initial continuous steroid therapy showed complete remission(group 4) in 37.8%, partial remission (group 2&3) in 46% and no response (group 1) in 16.2%. Within 2 weeks after institution of steroid therapy, both diuresis and disappearance of proteinuria were noted in 57.1%. Nephritic manifestations, eg. hematuria, hypertension & azotemia, were seen in 21.6%, 10.8%, 24.3% respectively, and the majority of children with these manifestation showed poor response to steroid therapy. Nine out of 21 patients in whom follow-up could be done over 1 year, experienced one or more relapses, giving 43% relapse rate during the 1st year, and URI was accompanied in about half of these episodes. Percutaneous renal biopsy done on 17 patients who showed steroid dependency, or no response to poor response toward steroid therapy showed the following results: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in 8, membranous nephropathy in 3, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in 3, focal segmental sclerosis in 1 and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis in 2. And male to female ratio was 13:4. "Pulse therapy" with bolus dosage of methylprednisolone was tried on 9 patients, resulting in disappearance of relapse, or significant improvement in blood chemistry & urinary finding in 5. And 2 out of 5 patients in whom immunosuppressant therapy with cytoxan was given due to poor response to steroid, experienced complete remission. During the same study period, secondary nephrotic syndrome was observed in 6 out of 54 patients with acute glomerulonephritis, and heavy proteinuria alone, defined as proteinuria over 2gm/㎡ day, was seen in 6 patients with acute glomerulonephrits and 2 patients with congestive heairt failure.

동결견(凍結肩) 환자의 동서협진 치료의 임상효과 비교연구 : 견관절 가동운동범위(ROM) 변화를 중심으로

남동우,김행범,양동훈,임사비나,김건식,이두익,이재동,최도영,이윤호 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Objectives : To establish an effective collaborate medicine treatment of acupuncture and western medicine for treating frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 59 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22), Western treatment group(W group, n=17) and East-West treatment group(EW group, n=20). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. The EW group received acupuncture and injection treatment including nerve block. All groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment based on the change in shoulder Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The patient's satisfaction scores were E group 5.67, W group 7.73 and EW group 7.67. The E group and the EW group showed significant improvement in abbduction, adduction and flexion(p<0.05). The W group showed significant improvement in adduction(p<0.05). Abduction significantly improved(p<0.05) in the EW group compared to E group and W group. Flexion also showed improvement in the EW group, but the difference among the 3 groups was statistically insignificant. The three group's difference of change in extension and adduction was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : Acupuncture and nerve block alone significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. Also collaborate treatment of acupuncture and nerve block significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. But the difference of the three treatments were significant only for improving abduction(p<0.05).

Uzbekistan 공화국의 농업현황

곽재균,조은기,김행훈,윤문섭,석순종,김창영 한국국제농업개발학회 2004 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

1. Uzbekistan은 전통적인 농업국가로서 농업이 경제의 축이며 농촌인구가 60%,농업부문 종사자가 전 산업에서 차지하는 비율이 44%이고 농업생산이 GNP에서 차지하는 비중이 33%로서 비교적 높은 편이다. 2. 이 나라의 농업은 강우량이 적고 건조한 기후조건 때문에 주로 관개에 의존하고 있으며 안공수로와 저수지의 건설로 관개가능 면적은 430만㏊ 이고 충분한 수량만 확보된다면 700만㏊ 까지 경작이 가능하다. 농업생산은 목화, 밀, 벼, 포도, 채소, 멜론재배가 주종을 이루고 있으며 특히 일조시수가 3,000시간으로 매우 길고 일사량도 많아 목화, 고품질의 포도와 멜론 생산이 유명하다. 3. 축산업도 농업에서 중요한 부문으로 주로 유목에 의존하고 있으며 염소, 고기소, 젖소, 면양이 주된 가축이고 양잠업도 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 4. Uzbekistan은 맥류, 목화, 포도, 사과, 양파 등의 원산지 일 뿐만 아니라 박과 작물의 2차원산지로서 유전적 다양성이 풍부하고 특히 멜론은 많은 재래종 품종들이 분화되어 재배되고 있다. 5. Uzbekistan는 1995년 한·우즈벡 농업기술협력 가능성 조사 이후 1996년부터 양국간 유전자원 공동연구가 활발히 추진되고 있다 금후 인근 중앙아시아 각국과의 유전자원 또는 농업관련 공동연구를 수행함에 있어 우즈베키스탄을 전진기지로 활용하는 방안이 적극 모색되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. The Republic of Uzbekistan is located in the central part of the middle Asia. The area of the Republic makes up 447.4 thousands ㎢ and about 60% of the country is semi-desert or desert with only 4.5 million hectares of the area cropped. The average temperature in July on the plains' territory varies from 26℃ in the North to 30℃ in the South, and the average temperature in January falls to as low as 0℃ in the South and to -8℃ in the North. Precipitation primarily occurs during the winter-spring period. Annual precipitation amounts to 80-200 ㎜ on the plains, 300-400 ㎜ in the foothills area and 600-800 ㎜ on the eastern and south-eastern slopes of the mountain ridges. Natural pastures occupy 50.1% of the total area of Uzbekistan, and 9.7%(4.3 Min. ha) of irrigated lands. Irrigated land is mainly cultivated for cotton, spiked cereals, rice and potato. Cotton plants occupy 36.5% of the cultivated areas and grain crops 39.5%. Given the abundance of solar radiation and heat, the major factor limiting the use of agroclimatic and land resources is a deficit of water. Agriculture in Uzbekistan was and still is the largest sector in Uzbekistan's economy. Agriculture and it's related industries account for approximately 33% of GDP, and 55% of the hard currency revenues of the country is related to Agriculture. Approximately 60% of the population resides in rural areas, and 44% of the work force is engaged in agricultural production. Uzbekistan is the world's fifth largest cotton producer and the second largest exporter. Cotton has been center to the economy because it accounts for about 50% of the country's export earnings. At the same time, however, cotton production has depended on vast amounts of irrigation, and this has had a possibly significant irreversible negative impact on the Aral Sea. The development strategy in the agricultural sector in the country is targeted at ensuring food and environmental security, while increasing the efficiency and export-potential of domestic production. According to the macroeconomic forecast, the agrarian sector will maintain its leading role in the economy (at 25% of GDP). To meet the strategic development goals by 2010, annual growth in agricultural output must be at least 5-6%.

재래종 콩 유전자원의 주요 형태적 특성과 변이

윤문섭,백형진,이정란,김행훈,조양희,안종웅,김창영 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.4

본 실험은 한국, 중국 및 일본 재래종 콩 유전자 자원의 주요형질 변이를 조사하고 이들 자원간의 지리적 유연관계를 비교하고자 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 경장은 한국(66㎝)이나 일본자원(54.9㎝)보다 중국자원(71㎝)에서 더 컸으며, 또한 변이도 중국자원에서 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 2. 개화일수 및 생육일수는 한국자원(65.5일, 151.4일)이 가장 길었으며 중국(57일, 120일)과 일본자원(59.9일, 122.4일)은 같은 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 한국과 중국자원은 지역에 따른 차이를 나타냈으나 일본자원에서는 확인할 수 없었다. 3. 백립중은 한국(18.8g), 일본(17.2g) 및 중국(14.7g) 순으로 무거웠다. 특히 한국자원은 9~11g과 23~25g에서 정점을 나타냈고, 변이폭도 가장 컸다. 반면 일본과 중국자원은 13~17g사이에서 정점을 나타냈다. 4. 협수는 중국(46.9개)이나 일본자원(36.5개)보다 한국자원(75.5개)에서 가장 많았으며, 변이폭도 한국자원에서 가장 컸다. 내도복성은 일본자원에서 가장 강하였다. 5. 정준판별분석결과 can 1을 경계로 하여 오른쪽 상하에 한국재래종이 주로 분포하였고 왼쪽에는 중국과 일본 재래종이 주로 분포하여 각 나라별로 고유한 영역을 가지고 분리되었다. 전체적 경향이 중국과 일본자원이 한국자원보다 가까운 경향을 나타냈다. This experiment was carried out to compare the characters of 944 Korean soybean landraces, 716 Chinese, and 170 Japanese soybean landraces introduced from USDA soybean germplasm collection. Cannonical discriminant and cluster analyses were conducted by their origins. The population from China was taller in plant height than those from Korea and Japan, also its variation was largest in Chinese population. The population from Korea was langer than those from China and Japan in terms of days to flowering and maturity. Also, Korean and Chinese accessions appeared the difference of those traits according to latitude. One hundred seeds weight was in the order of Korean(18.8g), Japanese(17.2g) and Chinese populations(14.7g), especially Korean population was distinguished into two groups; the group including accessions between 10 and 15g, and the other group including accessions between 20 and 25g. However, others showed the peak in range of 13~17g. The number of pod per plant was more in Korean accession(75.5) with the largest variation than Chinese(46.9) and Japanese accession(36.5). The distribution of Korean, Chinese and Japanese accessions reflected the origin of accessions analyzed by cannonical discriminant analysis. The relationship between their geographical origins showed the population of China and Japan are losely related.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer in Korea: An Evidence-Based Approach

Lee, Jun Haeng,Kim, Jae G.,Jung, Hye-Kyung,Kim, Jung Hoon,Jeong, Woo Kyoung,Jeon, Tae Joo,Kim, Joon Mee,Kim, Young Il,Ryu, Keun Won,Kong, Seong-Ho,Kim, Hyoung-Il,Jung, Hwoon-Yong,Kim, Yong Sik,Zang, D The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2014 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.14 No.2

Although gastric cancer is quite common in Korea, the treatment outcome is relatively favorable compared to those in western countries. However, there are currently no Korean multidisciplinary guidelines for gastric cancer. Experts from related societies developed guidelines de novo to meet Korean circumstances and requirements, including 23 recommendation statements for diagnosis (n=9) and treatment (n=14) based on relevant key questions. The quality of the evidence was rated according to the GRADE evidence evaluation framework: the evidence levels were based on a systematic review of the literature, and the recommendation grades were classified as either strong or weak. The applicability of the guidelines was considered to meet patients' view and preferences in the context of Korea. The topics of the guidelines cover diagnostic modalities (endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, and radiologic diagnosis), treatment modalities (surgery, therapeutic endoscopy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy), and pathologic evaluation. An external review of the guidelines was conducted during the finalization phase.

PHEV용 통합 충전 시스템의 운용 알고리즘에 관한 연구

김병훈(Byoung-Hoon Kim),이백행(Back-Haeng Lee),신동현(Dong-Hyun Shin),정진범(Jin-Beom Jeong),송현식(Hyun-Sik Song),김태훈(Tae-Hoon Kim),김상대(Sang-Dae Kim),허훈(Hoon-Heo),유지윤(Ji-Yoon Yoo) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11

Recently, there is developing the charging management system for supplying a power to a battery of PHEVs. But, it is inefficient and expensive to install for charging several vehicles because it could utilize one to a vehicle. Then, this paper suggests the operating algorithm of the integration charging management system with a main and many posts and explains the process to charge with vehicles at the same time. Therefore, the main system should have central control(or monitoring) functions with the GUI. And a post only have to connect a vehicle.

Distinct clinical features and outcomes in never‐smokers with nonsmall cell lung cancer who harbor <i>EGFR</i> or <i>KRAS</i> mutations or <i>ALK</i> rearrangement

Kim, Hye Ryun,Shim, Hyo Sup,Chung, Jin‐,Haeng,Lee, Young Joo,Hong, Yun Kyoung,Rha, Sun Young,Kim, Se Hoon,Ha, Sang‐,Jun,Kim, Se Kyu,Chung, Kyung Young,Soo, Ross,Kim, Joo Hang,Cho, Byoung C Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Cancer Vol.118 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>BACKGROUND:</B></P><P>The objectives of this study were to determine the proportions of major oncogenic alterations and to examine survival in genotype‐specific subsets of never‐smokers with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</P><P><B>METHODS:</B></P><P>The authors concurrently analyzed mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (<I>EGFR</I>) and v‐Ki‐<I>ras</I>2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (<I>KRAS</I>) genes and investigated anaplastic lymphoma kinase (<I>ALK</I>) gene rearrangements in samples from 229 never‐smokers with NSCLC. <I>ALK</I> rearrangements were identified by fluorescent in situ hybridization and were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Mutations in <I>EGFR</I> (exons 18 to 21) and <I>KRAS</I> (codons 12 and 13) were determined by direct sequencing.</P><P><B>RESULTS:</B></P><P>Of 229 tumors, the frequency of <I>EGFR</I> mutations, <I>ALK</I> rearrangements, <I>KRAS</I> mutations, and no mutations (wild type [WT]) in any of the 3 genes (<I>WT/WT/WT</I>) was 48%, 8.3%, 3.5%, and 40.2%, respectively. All genetic alterations were mutually exclusive. The median progression‐free survival after treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) was 12.8 months, 6.3 months, 2.1 months, and 1.6 months in patients with <I>EGFR</I> mutations, the <I>WT/WT/WT</I> genotype, <I>KRAS</I> mutations, and <I>ALK</I> rearrangements, respectively. In a Cox regression model, the adjusted hazard ratio for the risk of disease progression after treatment with EGFR TKIs was 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40‐0.87; <I>P</I> = .008) for patients with <I>EGFR</I> mutations, 4.58 (95% CI, 2.07‐10.15; <I>P</I> < .001) for patients with <I>ALK</I> rearrangements, and 4.23 (95% CI, 1.65‐10.8; <I>P</I> = .003) for patients with <I>KRAS</I> mutations. Overall survival also differed significantly among genotypes.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS:</B></P><P>To the authors' knowledge, this was the largest comprehensive and concurrent analysis to date of 3 major oncogenic alterations in a cohort of East Asian never‐smokers with NSCLC. Because survival outcomes differed among genotypes, and drugs that target specific alterations currently are available, genetic profiling to identify genotype‐specific subsets can lead to successful treatment with appropriate kinase inhibitors. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.</P>

Genetic Distance of Allium Section Cepa by DNA Fingerprint

Haeng-Hoon Kim,Eun-Gi Cho,Hyung-Jin Baek,Chang-Yung Kim,Young-Am Chae 韓國作物學會 2003 Korean journal of crop science Vol.48 No.1

Identification of compatible parental line is of great importance in introduction of useful characters to onion breeding program, beyond the severe hybridization barrier. Phylogenic analysis of Allium section Cepa was conducted through PCR by URPs, repeated sequences of A. fistulosum, and microsatellite markers. Totally 76 accessions originated from 21 countries were clustered into five groups at a 0.84-similarity level: group I;A. cepa and its wild relatives and A. cepa ssp. ascalonicum, group II; A. cepa ssp. wakegii, A. cepa ssp. proliferum and Samcheung-pa group III; A. fistulosum and A. altaicum, group IV; A. galanthum, group V; Soeckkori-pa. Samcheung-pa and Soekkori-pa, Korean local varieties, shared band type of both Cepa group and Altaicum group, indicating that those are derived from interspecific hybridization between A. fistulosum and A. cepa.

Current status of long-term care facility workers' physical function improvement activities for the elderly

Kim, Il-Ok,Kim, Mi-Ran,Shin, Jang-Hoon,Kim, Sun-Haeng korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2020 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.9 No.4

Objective: This study was conducted to provide basic data on physical function improvement activities of elderly care facilities by identifying the degree of physical improvement activities of elderly caregivers. Design: Descriptive correlational study. Methods: The instrument of this study consisted of 12 questions on the general characteristics of the subject. For the assessment of improvement in physical function activities, the measuring tool used for the elderly consisted of a total of 20 questions. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient & Spearman's rho and multiple regression were used. Results: The higher the age of the subjects, the lower their educational background (r=-0.273, p<0.05), and the higher the probability of having a religion (r=-0.258, p<0.05), the more stable the employment type (r=-0.333, p<0.05). The higher the level of education, the higher the monthly income (r=0.187, p<0.01), and the shorter the career (r=-0.204, p<0.05). The more stable employment, the more unstable duty (r=-0.245, p<0.05), and the more unstable work, the higher the monthly income (r=-0.206, p<0.05) and the longer the career, the higher the monthly income (r=0.247, p<0.05). The more stable the employment, the more activities to improve physical function were found (r=0.341, p<0.05), and the more unstable the duty, the more activities to improve physical function were found (r=0.321, p<0.05), and the higher monthly income, the less physical function improvement activities (r=-0.196, p<0.05). Conclusions: It is necessary to provide regular services by a dedicated physical therapist for physical function improvement activities in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly in the future.

The Effect of Au/Ag Bimetallic Thin-Films on Surface Plasmon Resonance Properties Comparing with Those of Au and Ag Single Thin-Films

Kim, Seon Hoon,Kim, Tae Un,Jung, Haeng Yun,Ki, Hyun Chul,Kim, Doo Gun,Lee, Byung-Teak American Scientific Publishers 2018 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.18 No.3

<P>The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties of Au/Ag bimetallic thin-film nanostructures were investigated to improve the chemical stability and the figure of merit (FOM) in the SPR sensors. The SPR characteristics such as resonance angle, extinction ratio, and full width half maximum (FWHM) were calculated by the simulation of the finite-difference time-domain method and were measured using the laser with a 632.8 nm wavelength in the Kretschmann-Raether configuration. The measured resonance angle, extinction ratio, FWHM of Au(20 nm)/Ag(20 nm) thin-film nanostructure were found to be 44 degrees, 0.8, and 1.4 degrees, respectively. The FOM values were determined to be 56.9 for Au/Ag bimetallic thin-film, 47.9 for Au(50 nm) single thin-film, and 89.1 for Ag(50 nm) single thin-film. Also the sensitivity values were about 53.5, 57.0, and 57.8 degrees/RIU for Au(50 nm), Ag(50 nm), and Au(20 nm)/Ag(20 nm) thin-film nanostructures in the SPR sensors, respectively. The SPR properties of Au/Ag bimetallic thin-film nanostructures were compared with those of the Au and Ag single thin-film nanostructures.</P>