QUANTITATIVE COMPARISON OF PERMEABILITY IN THE ADHESIVE INTERFACE OF FOUR ADHESIVE SYSTEMS

장주혜,이기욱,김혜영,이인복,조병훈,손호현 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.1

본 연구는 현재 시판 되고 있는 여러 개의 상아질 접착제를 임상 술식에서와 같은 방법으로 사용한 다음 열순환 후 접착계면의 변화를 관찰 비교하고자 했다. 발거 한 지 한 달 이내인 대구치 28개의 교합 면 상아질 표면에 4종의 상아질 접착제 (OptiBond FL [OP], AdheSE [AD], Clearfil SE Bond [CL], Xeno Ⅲ [KE] 중 하나를 적용한 뒤 복합 레진 (Premisa, Kerr)을 1mm두께로 올린 후 광중합 하였다. 4℃ 증류수에서 6일간 보관한 뒤 치아의 정중선으로부터 수직으로 절단하여 그 중 절반의 치아에서 2mm 두께의 시편을 얻은 다음 남은 반쪽의 치아는 10.000회의 열순환을 가한 뒤 (5˚-55˚, 침지 시간 25초 대기 시간 5초) 같은 방법으로 2 mm 두께의 시편을 얻었다. 연마한 시편을 24시간 동안 50% ammoniacal silver nitrate solution에 담근 다응 photo-developing solution에서 8시간 동안 환원시켰다. 계면을 가로지르는 5개의 line 상에서 wavelength dispersive spectrometry (WDS) detector를 이용하여 주사선상에 있는 원소들의 중량비를 계산하였다 또한 열순환 전과 후의 시편에서 얻어진 5개의 silver 측정치를 서로 비교하였다. 열순환 전의 접착제층(adhesive layer)에서는 OP에서 가장 적은 silver의 투과가 관찰되었으며 (P<0.0001), CL. AD, XE 순으로 투과 량이 중가함을 보였다. 혼성층 (Hybrid layer) 에서는 CL의 투과량이 가장 적었다 (p=0.0039) 열순환 후에 접착제층과 혼성층에서 silver의 투과량은 증가하지는 않았다. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) 사진을 통하여 각 시편의 접착 계면에서 접착제에 따른 특이적인 silver의 투과상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 전반적으로 OP와 CL의 접착계면이 열순환 과정 중에도 온전히 유지됨을 볼 수 있었다. 접착 계면에서의 수분 투과 양상은 각 접착제예 따라 다른 형태를 보였으며 열 순환에 의해 유의할 만한 변화를 야기하지는 않았다. The purpose of this study was to perform quantitative comparisons of water permeable zones in both the adhesive and the hybrid layer before and after thermocycling in order to assess the integrity of the bonding interface. Twenty eight flat dentin surfaces were bonded with a light-cured composite resin using one of four commercial adhesives [OptiBond FL (OP), AdheSE (AD), Clearfil SE Bond (CL), and Xeno Ⅲ (XE)]. These were sectioned into halves and subsequently cut to yield 2-mm thick specimens: one specimen for control and the other subjected to thermocycling for 10,000 cycles. After specimens were immersed in ammoniacal silver nitrate for 24 h and exposed to a photo developing solution for 8 h. the bonded interface was analyzed by scanning election microscopy (SEM) and wavelength dispersive spectrometry (WDS) at five locations per specimen Immediately after bonding thc adhesive layer of OP showed the lowest silver uptake followed by CL, AD, and XE in ascending order (p< 0.0001) the hybrid layer of CL had the lowest silver content among the groups (p=0.0039) After thermocycling none of the adhesives manifested a significant increase of silver in either the adhesive or the hybrid layer. SEM demonstrated the characteristic silver penetrated patterns within the interface. It was observed that integrity of bonding was well maintained in OP and CL throughout the thermocycling process. Adhesive-tooth interfaces are vulnrable to hydrolytic degradation and its permeability varies in different adhesive systems, which may be clinically related to the restoration longevity.

Poster Session:PS 1203 ; Cardiology : Predictive Factors of Reversibility in Patients with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation

( Jae Yeong Cho ),( Kye Hun Kim ),( Kyung Jin Lee ),( Yi Rang Yim ),( Sung Soo Kim ),( Hae Chang Jeong ),( Ki Hong Lee ),( Keun Ho Park ),( Doo Sun Sim ),( Hyun Ju Yoon ),( Nam Sik Yun ),( Young Joon 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background:Since severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is an uncommon fi nding which develops in various conditions, the present study aimed to investigate etiology, clinical characteristics, and predictors of reversibility in patients with severe TR. Methods:A total of 232 patients (67. 4±14. 1 years, 80 males) who were diagnosed with severe TR by echocardiography were enrolled. Severe TR was defi ned as vena contracta width greater than 0. 7 cm and systolic fi ow reversal in hepatic veins according to the current guideline of American Society of Echocardiography (ASE). Improvement of TR to moderate or less degree on follow up echocardiography was considered as reversible TR in the present study. Primary end points were adverse events at long-term follow-up. Adverse events were defi ned as all-cause death and operation due to severe TR. Results: Reversible TR was observed in 35 out of 153 patients (23. 0%). Sixty-one patients showed clinical improvement, but the degree of TR was not changed. Forty-nine patients (32%) who did not show clinical improvement despite of medical therapy eventually underwent surgical correction of TR, and 7 patients died. In addition, 17 patients died without operation, so 24 deaths (16%) were observed in total. finally, total adverse events developed in 66 patients (41%) during 2 years of follow-up period. Logistic regression analysis revealed prosthetic mitral valve was the only independent predictors of future adverse events (OR 2. 47, 95%CI 1. 05-5. 77, p=0. 038). Independent predictors of improved TR turned out to be the use of RAAS blockade (HR 3. 02, 95%CI 1. 12-8. 17, p=0. 030) and the use of spironolactone (HR 3. 39, 95%CI 1. 05-10. 90, p=0. 041). Low ejection fraction (LVEF <50%) also had a trend toward the reversibility (HR 2. 82, 95%CI 0. 94-8. 40). Conclusions:Considering results above, reversible severe TR mainly associated with left heart failure and medical treatment should be given before considering surgery for severe TR.

[P7-11] Effects of L-carnosine Supplementation to Diet on Muscle Carnosine and Blood Lipid Profiles of Rats

Hae-Chang Yi,Mi Young Kim,Bog-Hieu Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2006 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2006 No.10

Effects of Carnosine Supplementation on Carnosine Concentrations in Muscles and Blood Biochemical Indices of Rats

Hae Chang Yi,Mi Young Kim,Chang Sun Choi,Young Nam Kim,Chan Kyu Han,Bog Hieu Lee 한국축산식품학회 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.5

This study evaluated the effects of carnosine supplementation on carnosine concentration in muscles and blood biochemical indices of rats. Thirty-two eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into a control group (CON) as well as three carnosine-treated groups. The carnosine-treated groups included groups fed diets composed of 0.01% carnosine (LC), 0.1% carnosine (MC), and 1.0% carnosine (HC). Body weight gain, food intake, feed efficacy rate, protein efficacy rate, and organ weights were not significantly different among the groups. In all groups, the mean carnosine levels in gastrocnemius muscles were higher than the mean carnosine levels in soleus muscles. Carnosine concentrations in soleus muscles and gastrocnemius muscles were significantly higher in the HC group compared to all other groups (p

Effects of Carnosine Supplementation on Carnosine Concentrations in Muscles and Blood Biochemical Indices of Rats

Yi, Hae-Chang,Kim, Mi-Young,Choi, Chang-Sun,Kim, Young-Nam,Han, Chan-Kyu,Lee, Bog-Hieu Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2012 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.32 No.5

This study evaluated the effects of carnosine supplementation on carnosine concentration in muscles and blood biochemical indices of rats. Thirty-two eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into a control group (CON) as well as three carnosine-treated groups. The carnosine-treated groups included groups fed diets composed of 0.01% carnosine (LC), 0.1% carnosine (MC), and 1.0% carnosine (HC). Body weight gain, food intake, feed efficacy rate, protein efficacy rate, and organ weights were not significantly different among the groups. In all groups, the mean carnosine levels in gastrocnemius muscles were higher than the mean carnosine levels in soleus muscles. Carnosine concentrations in soleus muscles and gastrocnemius muscles were significantly higher in the HC group compared to all other groups (p<0.05). Serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in all of the carnosine-supplemented groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05), while HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase levels in rats supplemented with carnosine were significantly higher than those of the control group. In conclusion, diets supplemented with high levels of carnosine can increase carnosine concentrations in skeletal muscles, which might contribute to increased exercise capacity. Furthermore, these findings suggest that high levels of dietary carnosine improve the lipid profile of rats by lowering blood LDL-cholesterol and increasing HDL-cholesterol levels.

길찾기 좋은 서울(Legible Seoul)을 위한 전략 -지하철역 길찾기 시스템을 중심으로

여혜진 ( Hae Jin Yeo ),이동훈 ( Dong Hoon Lee ),이창 ( Chang Yi Hae ),전혜선 ( Hae Sun Chun ),서선영 ( Sun Young Seo ) 서울시정개발연구원 2011 연구보고서 Vol.2011 No.22

Development of a CNN-based autonomous driving algorithm for an air duct cleaning robot

S. Yi(이사랑),E. Noh(노은솔),S. Hong(홍석무) 한국소성가공학회 2020 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2020 No.6

국 또는 개량 누룩으로 제조한 술덧을 감압 또는 상압으로 증류한 소주의 휘발성 성분

이해창(Hae Chang Yi),문세희(Sae Hee Moon),박준성(Jun Sung Park),정지원(Jee Won Jung),황금택(Keum Taek Hwang) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.6

본 연구는 국 또는 개량 누룩을 사용하여 제조한 술덧을 감압 또는 상압에서 증류하여 제조한 증류식 소주의 휘발성 성분을 분석하여 적절한 술덧 제조 원료와 증류방법을 검토하기 위함이다. Acetaldehyde는 상압 증류하였을 때에 감압 증류하였을 때보다 그 함량이 2~3배 많았다. Furfural은 상압 증류법으로 제조한 소주에서만 검출되었다. Ester류는 전체적으로 감압 증류하였을 때에 상압 증류하였을 때보다 더 많이 검출되었으며, 특히 ethyl pelargonate는 상압 증류하였을 때에 감압 증류하였을 때보다 2배 이상 높았다. 대부분의 alcohol류는 감압 증류하였을 때에 상압 증류하였을 때보다 약간 더 많았으며, methanol은 국을 사용한 경우보다 개량 누룩을 사용한 경우 더 많이 검출되었다. 고급 알코올류인 isoamyl alcohol과 2-phenyl ethanol만이 증류 방법에 의한 차이가 있었다. 특히 2-phenyl ethanol은 상압 증류하였을 때에 감압 증류하였을 때보다 2배 이상 많이 검출되었다. Methanol은 국을 사용한 술덧이 개량 누룩을 사용한 술덧에 비해 적게 검출되었다. 본 연구 결과 소주에 부정적 영향을 미치는 휘발성 성분을 줄이기 위해서는 국을 사용한 술덧을 감압 증류함으로써 증류식 소주의 품질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. In this study, volatile compounds in liquor distilled from mash produced using koji or nuruk under reduced or atmospheric pressure were analyzed and eventually, the proper starter material and distillation method was selected. Acetaldehyde was detected two or three times more in the liquor distilled under the atmospheric pressure than under the reduced pressure. Furfural was only detected in the liquor distilled under the atmospheric pressure. Esters were detected more in the liquor distilled under the atmospheric pressure than the reduced pressure. Ethyl pelargonate and 2-phenyl ethanol were particularly detected two times more in the liquor distilled under the atmospheric pressure than the reduced pressure. Methanol was detected two times more in the liquor made with nuruk than that with koji. These results suggest that the liquor distilled from the mash produced using koji under the reduced pressure may have the better quality.

Tradition in Korean Society

Lim Jae-Hae,Yi H?i-chang(번역자) The Academy of Korean Studies 1991 Korea Journal Vol.31 No.3

The Effects of Feature Optimization on High-Dimensional Essay Data

Yi, Bong-Jun,Lee, Do-Gil,Rim, Hae-Chang Hindawi Limited 2015 Mathematical problems in engineering Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Current machine learning (ML) based automated essay scoring (AES) systems have employed various and vast numbers of features, which have been proven to be useful, in improving the performance of the AES. However, the high-dimensional feature space is not properly represented, due to the large volume of features extracted from the limited training data. As a result, this problem gives rise to poor performance and increased training time for the system. In this paper, we experiment and analyze the effects of feature optimization, including normalization, discretization, and feature selection techniques for different ML algorithms, while taking into consideration the size of the feature space and the performance of the AES. Accordingly, we show that the appropriate feature optimization techniques can reduce the dimensions of features, thus, contributing to the efficient training and performance improvement of AES.</P>