Foraging Behavior of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) First Instar Larvae on Selected Cotton Varieties

Amin, Md. Ruhul,Azad, H.M. Saifullah,Hossain, Md. Shamim,Suh, Sang Jae,Kwon, Yong Jung 경북대학교 농업생명과학대학 2014 Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences Vol.32 No.4

The movement, survival, and weight gain of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) first instar larvae were studied on CB9, CB10 and SR05 cotton varieties under field conditions. The neonate H. armigera were released on the cotton varieties at the squaring stage of the plants and, after a period of 72 hours, the survival, weight gain, and final location of the larvae were observed. While the different cotton varieties had no effect on the survival and weight gain of the larvae, the release locations on the cotton varieties had a significant influence on the larval survival and weight gain. The larvae fed small squares of the cotton varieties were significantly heavier and showed a higher mortality than the larvae fed leaflets and mature leaves. For the cotton varieties in this study, the larvae released on leaflets showed a significantly higher rate of recovery compared to the larvae released on mature leaves and squares. This study also found that that the larvae on leaflets did not move up or downward unlike the larvae on mature leaves and squares. This information on the foraging behavior of larvae on cotton varieties will assist researchers to interpret field data and thereby help with the development of pest management decisions.

Foraging Behavior of Helicoverpa armigera $H{\ddot{u}}bner$ (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) First Instar Larvae on Selected Cotton Varieties

Amin, Md. Ruhul,Azad, H.M. Saifullah,Hossain, Md. Shamim,Suh, Sang Jae,Kwon, Yong Jung Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology 2014 慶北大農學誌 Vol.32 No.4

The movement, survival, and weight gain of Helicoverpa armigera $H{\ddot{u}}bner$ (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) first instar larvae were studied on CB9, CB10 and SR05 cotton varieties under field conditions. The neonate H. armigera were released on the cotton varieties at the squaring stage of the plants and, after a period of 72 hours, the survival, weight gain, and final location of the larvae were observed. While the different cotton varieties had no effect on the survival and weight gain of the larvae, the release locations on the cotton varieties had a significant influence on the larval survival and weight gain. The larvae fed small squares of the cotton varieties were significantly heavier and showed a higher mortality than the larvae fed leaflets and mature leaves. For the cotton varieties in this study, the larvae released on leaflets showed a significantly higher rate of recovery compared to the larvae released on mature leaves and squares. This study also found that that the larvae on leaflets did not move up or downward unlike the larvae on mature leaves and squares. This information on the foraging behavior of larvae on cotton varieties will assist researchers to interpret field data and thereby help with the development of pest management decisions.

Optimization of Water Pipe Network and Formulation of Pumping Rate

Medhat M. H. El-Zahar,Mohamed M. M. Amin 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.7

Minimizing water delivery costs and increasing water supply dependability are the two keyobjectives in designing and operating of water distribution systems. An analytical solution forthe best pipe diameters of a water distribution pipe network was created in this study. The rawwater was collected from a water canal and transported to a treatment plant (WTP). Thecleansed water was pushed into the water distribution network via the pumping station. Thederivative approach was used in the optimization process, and the cost functions incorporating thevarious capital and operating expenses were used. The initial diameters were adjusted toreach the least-cost diameters. The study shows that the optimum design of a pipe network(PNW) achieves saving a total cost of about 12.3% after utilizing our unique method. Theoptimal pumping rate in the PNW can also be determined using an analytical approach thatconsiders the optimum value that occurs when the minor and friction losses in the entirenetwork are at their lowest. The analytical solution for the optimum pumping rate shows arigid value of optimum pumping rate (Qopt) which is 5296.32 m3/day. On comparativeestimates, this figure is very close to that of 5,300 m3/day interpreted from the graphicalsolution, with negligible deviation. The total cost and optimum pumping rate results for theanalyzed PNW example demonstrate the correctness of the analytical solutions, reliability, anddependability of the assumptions.

Melatonin Stimulates the SIRT1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Counteracting Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Oxidative Stress to Rescue Postnatal Rat Brain

Shah, S. A.,Khan, M.,Jo, M. H.,Jo, M. G.,Amin, F. U.,Kim, M. O. John Wiley Sons Ltd 2017 CNS NEUROSCIENCE AND THERAPEUTICS Vol.23 No.1

<P>Aims: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces oxidative stress and neuroinflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Here, we provided the first detailed description of the mechanism of melatonin neuroprotection against LPS-induced oxidative stress, acute neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) region of the postnatal day 7 (PND7) rat brain. Methods: The neuroprotective effects of melatonin against LPS-induced neurotoxicity were analyzed using multiple research techniques, including Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in PND7 rat brain homogenates and BV2 cell lysates in vitro. We also used EX527 to inhibit silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1). Results: A single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of LPS to PND7 rats significantly induced glial cell activation, acute neuroinflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptotic neurodegeneration in hippocampal DG region after 4 h. However, the coadministration of melatonin significantly inhibited both LPS-induced acute neuroinflammation and apoptotic neurodegeneration and improved synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampal DG region of PND7 rats. Most importantly, melatonin stimulated the SIRT1/Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2) signaling pathway to reduce LPS-induced ROS generation. The beneficial effects of melatonin were further confirmed in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cell lines in vitro using EX527 as an inhibitor of SIRT1. LPS-induced oxidative stress, Nrf2 inhibition, and neuroinflammation are SIRT1-dependent in BV2 microglia cell lines. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that melatonin treatment rescued the hippocampal DG region of PND7 rat brains against LPS-induced oxidative stress damage, acute neuroinflammation, and apoptotic neurodegeneration via SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway activation.</P>

The label free DNA sensor using a silicon nanowire array

Kulkarni, A.,Xu, Y.,Ahn, C.,Amin, R.,Park, S.H.,Kim, T.,Lee, M. Elsevier Science Publishers 2012 Journal of biotechnology Vol.160 No.3

Biosensors based on silicon nanowire (Si-NW) promise highly sensitive dynamic label free electrical detection of various biological molecules. Here we report Si-NW array electronic devices that function as sensitive and selective detectors of as synthesized 2D DNA lattices with biotins. The Si-NW array was fabricated using top-down approach consists of 250 nanowires of 20μm in length, equally spaced with an interval of 3.2μm. Measurements of photoresistivity of the Si-NW array device with streptavidin (SA) attached on biotinylated DNA lattices at different concentration were observed and analyzed.. The conductivity in the DNA lattices with protein SA shows significant change in the photoresistivity of Si-NW array device. This Si-NW based DNA sensor would be one of very efficient devices for direct, label free DNA detection and could provide a pathway to immunological assays, DNA forensics and toxin detection in modern biotechnology.

A conjugation of stearic acid to apotransferrin, fattigation-platform, as a core to form self-assembled nanoparticles: Encapsulation of a hydrophobic paclitaxel and receptor-driven cancer targeting

Amin, H.H.,Meghani, N.M.,Oh, K.T.,Choi, H.,Lee, B.J. Association de pharmacie galénique industri 2017 Journal of drug delivery science and technology Vol.41 No.-

In this study, apotransferrin (Tf)-stearic acid conjugate was newly synthesized via ''fattigation method'' to form self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs) containing a hydrophobic model drug, paclitaxel (PAC). Then, physicochemical properties and cellular behaviors such as transferrin receptor-driven targeting and cytotoxic efficiencies were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies showed that the NPs had spherical shape and smooth surface. The particle size of PAC-loaded NPs was 326.97 +/- 2.03 nm with a loading and encapsulation efficiency of 7.94 +/- 1.60% (w/w) and 71.10 +/- 4.12% (w/w), respectively. In comparison to free PAC, PAC-loaded NPs showed a 7-fold reduction in the LC50 value in breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), which indicated an increase in cytotoxicity owing to the effective targeting of cells. This observation was confirmed via confocal microscopy images that showed that transferrin receptor blocking inhibited NP uptake. This was further confirmed via flow cytometry data which showed the time-dependent uptake of NPs and their inhibition by transferrin receptor blockage. The results of this study reveal the advantages of NP-based drug delivery systems consisting of Tf as a core of NP for the receptor-driven targeting and subsequent killing of cancer cells.

Evasion of anti-growth signaling: A key step in tumorigenesis and potential target for treatment and prophylaxis by natural compounds

Amin, A.R.M.R.,Karpowicz, P.A.,Carey, T.E.,Arbiser, J.,Nahta, R.,Chen, Z.G.,Dong, J.T.,Kucuk, O.,Khan, G.N.,Huang, G.S.,Mi, S.,Lee, H.Y.,Reichrath, J.,Honoki, K.,Georgakilas, A.G.,Amedei, A.,Amin, A. Saunders Scientific Publications ; Academic Press 2015 SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY Vol.35 No.suppl

The evasion of anti-growth signaling is an important characteristic of cancer cells. In order to continue to proliferate, cancer cells must somehow uncouple themselves from the many signals that exist to slow down cell growth. Here, we define the anti-growth signaling process, and review several important pathways involved in growth signaling: p53, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), retinoblastoma protein (Rb), Hippo, growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A), Notch, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) pathways. Aberrations in these processes in cancer cells involve mutations and thus the suppression of genes that prevent growth, as well as mutation and activation of genes involved in driving cell growth. Using these pathways as examples, we prioritize molecular targets that might be leveraged to promote anti-growth signaling in cancer cells. Interestingly, naturally occurring phytochemicals found in human diets (either singly or as mixtures) may promote anti-growth signaling, and do so without the potentially adverse effects associated with synthetic chemicals. We review examples of naturally occurring phytochemicals that may be applied to prevent cancer by antagonizing growth signaling, and propose one phytochemical for each pathway. These are: epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for the Rb pathway, luteolin for p53, curcumin for PTEN, porphyrins for Hippo, genistein for GDF15, resveratrol for ARID1A, withaferin A for Notch and diguelin for the IGF1-receptor pathway. The coordination of anti-growth signaling and natural compound studies will provide insight into the future application of these compounds in the clinical setting.

Evaluation of Physicochemical Deterioration and Lipid Oxidation of Beef Muscle Affected by Freeze-thaw Cycles

M. H. Rahman,M. M. Hossain,S. M. E. Rahman,M. R. Amin,오덕환 한국축산식품학회 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.6

This study was performed to explore the deterioration of physicochemical quality of beef hind limb during frozen storage at -20ºC, affected by repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The effects of three successive freeze-thaw cycles on beef hind limb were investigated comparing with unfrozen beef muscle for 80 d by keeping at -20±1°C. The freeze-thaw cycles were subjected to three thawing methods and carried out to select the best one on the basis of deterioration of physicochemical properties of beef. As the number of repeated freeze- thaw cycles increased, drip loss decreased and water holding capacity (WHC) increased (p<0.05) till two cycles and then decreased. Cooking loss increased in cycle one and three but decreased in cycle two. Moreover, drip loss, WHC and cooking loss affected (p<0.05) by thawing methods within the cycles. However, pH value decreased (p<0.05), but peroxide value (p<0.05), free fatty acids value (p<0.05) and TBARS value increased (p<0.05) significantly as the number of repeated freeze-thaw cycles increased. Moreover, significant (p<0.05) interactive effects were found among the thawing methods and repeated cycles. As a result, freeze-thaw cycles affected the physicochemical quality of beef muscle, causing the degradation of its quality.

Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole and Dihydropyrazoles Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Agents

Nagwa M. Abd-El Gawad,Hanan H. Georgey,Nashwa A. Ibrahim,Noha H. Amin,Rania M. Abdelsalam 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.5

Novel dihydropyrazole 5-8, 10 and pyrazole derivatives 12, 14, 15, 17 were synthesized. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were elucidated by spectral and elemental analyses. The anti-inflammatory activity of all new compounds was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test using indomethacin and celecoxib as reference drugs. The most active derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents were accordingly tested for their analgesic activity using the p-benzoquinone-induced writhing method in mice and results revealed that these compounds had also good analgesic activity. The ulcerogenic liability of the selected compounds was also evaluated. Results showed that the selected derivatives had anti-inflammatory activity comparable to or slightly lower than the reference drugs, reaching about 82% inhibition with a considerable gastric safety profile.

Evaluation of Physicochemical Deterioration and Lipid Oxidation of Beef Muscle Affected by Freeze-thaw Cycles

Rahman, M. H.,Hossain, M. M.,Rahman, S. M. E.,Amin, M. R.,Oh, Deog-Hwan Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.6

This study was performed to explore the deterioration of physicochemical quality of beef hind limb during frozen storage at −20℃, affected by repeated freeze-thaw cycles. The effects of three successive freeze-thaw cycles on beef hind limb were investigated comparing with unfrozen beef muscle for 80 d by keeping at −20±1℃. The freeze-thaw cycles were subjected to three thawing methods and carried out to select the best one on the basis of deterioration of physicochemical properties of beef. As the number of repeated freeze-thaw cycles increased, drip loss decreased and water holding capacity (WHC) increased (p<0.05) till two cycles and then decreased. Cooking loss increased in cycle one and three but decreased in cycle two. Moreover, drip loss, WHC and cooking loss affected (p<0.05) by thawing methods within the cycles. However, pH value decreased (p<0.05), but peroxide value (p<0.05), free fatty acids value (p<0.05) and TBARS value increased (p<0.05) significantly as the number of repeated freeze-thaw cycles increased. Moreover, significant (p<0.05) interactive effects were found among the thawing methods and repeated cycles. As a result, freeze-thaw cycles affected the physicochemical quality of beef muscle, causing the degradation of its quality.