Transcriptomic analysis of the liver in aged laying hens with different intensity of brown eggshell color

Han, Gi Ppeum,Kim, Jun-Mo,Kang, Hwan Ku,Kil, Dong Yong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.5

Objective: Eggshell color is an important indicator of egg quality for consumers, especially for brown eggs. Various factors related to laying hens and their environment affect brown eggshell coloration. However, there have been no studies investigating hepatic functions of laying hens with variable intensity of brown eggshell color. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify potential factors affecting brown eggshell coloration in aged laying hens at the hepatic transcriptomic level. Methods: Five hundred 92-wk-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were screened to select laying hens with different intensity of brown eggshell color based on eggshell color fans. Based on eggshell color scores, hens with dark brown eggshells (DBE; eggshell color fan score = 14.8) and hens with light brown eggshells (LBE; eggshell color fan score = 9.7) were finally selected for the liver sampling. We performed RNA-seq analysis using the liver samples through the paired-end sequencing libraries. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) profiling was carried out to identify their biological meaning by bioinformatics. Results: A total of 290 DEGs were identified with 196 being up-regulated and 94 being down-regulated in DBE groups as compared to LBE groups. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that these DEGs belong to several biological pathways including herpes simplex infection (toll-like receptor 3 [TLR3], cyclin-dependent kinase 1, etc.) and influenza A (TLR3, radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2, myxovirus [influenza virus] resistance 1, etc.). Genes related to stress response (ceremide kinase like) and nutrient metabolism (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy-kinase 1, methylmalonic aciduria [cobalamin deficiency] cblB type, glycine receptor alpha 2, solute carrier family 7 member 11, etc.) were also identified to be differentially expressed. Conclusion: The current results provide new insights regarding hepatic molecular functions related to different intensity of brown eggshell color in aged laying hens. These insights will contribute to future studies aiming to optimize brown eggshell coloration in aged laying hens.

Effects of Dietary Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and Betaine Supplementations on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Status, Immune Response, and Stress Indicator in Laying Hens Raised under Heat Stress Conditions

Gi Ppeum Han,Sung Hoon Kwon,Chan Ho Kwon,Deok Yun Kim,Dong Yong Kil 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2023 농업생명과학연구 Vol.57 No.3

The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), and betaine (BT) supplementations on productive performance, egg quality, relative organ weights, liver visual characteristics, antioxidant status, immune response, and stress indicator in laying hens raised under heat stress conditions. A total of 280 47-wk-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 7 replicates in a completely randomized design. Each replicate had 10 birds per cage. The basal diet was formulated to meet or exceed the requirement estimates for Hy-Line Brown laying hens. Three additional diets were prepared by adding 250 mg/kg VC, 250 mg/kg VE, or 3,000 mg/kg BT to the basal diet. The experimental diets and water were provided to hens on an ad libitum basis for 8 wk. Average daily room temperature and relative humidity were 30.7±1.41℃ and 72.5±11.61%, respectively. Results indicated that hens fed diets containing 250 mg/kg VE had a less (p<0.05) egg production rate than other dietary treatments. For egg quality, hens fed diets containing 3,000 mg/kg BT had a less (p<0.05) eggshell thickness than those fed the diets containing 250 mg/kg VC or 250 mg/kg VE. For antioxidant status, there was a tendency (p=0.09) for the least malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in the liver for BT treatment. A tendency (p=0.05) was observed for less blood heterophil:lymphocyte ratio in BT treatment as compared to other treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 250 mg/kg VC, 250 mg/kg VE, and 3,000 mg/kg BT has no beneficial effects on productive performance, egg quality, relative organ weights, liver visual characteristics, and immune responses of laying hens raised under the current heat stress conditions. However, dietary supplementation of 3,000 mg/kg BT alleviates antioxidant status and stress response of laying hens exposed to heat stress.

Changes in Weight and Circumference by Drying Periods with Different Ageds and Regions in Roots of Platycodon grandiflorum

Gi Ppeum Kim(김기쁨),Han Kyeol Ji(지한결),Hyung Seo Kim(김형서),Heeju Kwon(권희주),Haeun Joo(주하은),Juyoung Jeong(정주영),Young Sun Hwang(황영선),Myoung Gun Choung(정명근) 한국약용작물학회 2017 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.2

Effect of dietary calcium concentrations in phytase-containing diets on growth performance, bone mineralization, litter quality, and footpad dermatitis score in broiler chickens

Kim, Jong Hyuk,Han, Gi Ppeum,Shin, Ji Eun,Kil, Dong Yong Elsevier 2017 Animal feed science and technology Vol.229 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary Ca concentrations in phytase-containing diets on growth performance, bone mineralization, litter quality, and footpad dermatitis (FPD) score in broiler chickens. A total of 2100 1-d-old Ross 308 broiler chicks was used and allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 6 replicates consisting of 70 birds in a completely randomized design. Five commercial-type diets were formulated to contain increasing Ca concentrations of 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, or 10.0g/kg. All diets contained 3.5g/kg nonphytate phosphorus and 1000 FTU/kg phytase. Diets were fed to birds for 21 d. At the end of the experiment, birds were sacrificed for tibia sampling and litter samples were collected. The FPD score was measured visually based on a 6-point scale scoring system. Results indicated that increasing Ca concentrations in phytase-containing diets decreased (linear, <I>P<</I> 0.01) body weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency of broiler chickens. The concentrations of ash, Ca, and P in the tibia, and tibia breaking strength were not affected by dietary Ca concentrations. Dietary Ca concentrations had no effect on litter quality including pH and moisture and nitrogen contents. A tendency (linear, <I>P</I> =0.10) for increased FPD score was observed as dietary Ca concentrations were increased. In conclusion, increasing Ca concentrations from 6.0 to 10.0g/kg in phytase-containing diets have negative effects on growth performance of broiler chickens during 21 d posthatch, possibly due to decreased FI and subsequent phytase intake. Increasing Ca concentrations in phytase-containing diets have little impact on litter quality but tend to increase FPD incidence in broiler chickens.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The effect of dietary calcium concentrations was determined with broiler chickens. </LI> <LI> Decreasing calcium concentrations in diets improved broiler performance. </LI> <LI> Decreasing calcium concentrations in diets reduced footpad dermatitis score. </LI> </UL> </P>

한국 콩 유전자원의 목표 대사체 분석

황영선 ( Young-sun Hwang ),김기쁨 ( Gi-ppeum Kim ),안경근 ( Kyung-geun Ahn ),김선태 ( Sun Tae Kim ),윤원병 ( Won Byong Yon ),한원영 ( Won Young Han ),정명근 ( Myoung-gun Choung ) 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2016 No.-

The distribution and variation of the contents of targeted metabolites in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds are affected by both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, the 192 soybean germplasm accessions collected from two provinces of Korea to elucidate the effects of seed coat color and 100 seeds dry weight on the metabolic variation and responses of targeted metabolites. The main and interaction effects of seed coat color and 100 seeds dry weight were present in sucrose, total oligosaccharides, total carbohydrates and all measured fatty acids. The targeted metabolites were clustered within three groups, 1) daidzein and genistein, 2) glycitein, protein, and linoleic acid, and 3) the rest of the targeted metabolites. These metabolites were not only differently related to 100 seeds dry weight, based on the difference of seed coat color by regression analyses but also responded differentially to seed coat color in principle component analysis(PCA) loading plots. The inter- relationship between the targeted metabolites was highly present in the result of correlation analysis. Overall, results revealed that the targeted metabolites were diverged in relation to seed coat color and 100 seeds dry weight within locally collected soybean seed germplasm accessions.

Effect of dietary net energy concentrations on growth performance and net energy intake of growing gilts

Lee, Gang Il,Kim, Jong Hyuk,Han, Gi Ppeum,Koo, Do Yoon,Choi, Hyeon Seok,Kil, Dong Yong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.9

Objective: This experiment investigated the effect of dietary net energy (NE) concentrations on growth performance and NE intake of growing gilts. Methods: Five diets were formulated to contain 9.6, 10.1, 10.6, 11.1, and 11.6 MJ NE/kg, respectively. A metabolism trial with 10 growing pigs (average body weight [BW] = $15.9{\pm}0.24kg$) was conducted to determine NE concentrations of 5 diets based on French and Dutch NE systems in a $5{\times}5$ replicated Latin square design. A growth trial also was performed with five dietary treatments and 12 replicates per treatment using 60 growing gilts (average BW = $15.9{\pm}0.55kg$) for 28 days. A regression analysis was performed to predict daily NE intake from the BW of growing gilts. Results: Increasing NE concentrations of diets did not influence average daily gain and average daily feed intake of growing gilts. There was a quadratic relationship (p = 0.01) between dietary NE concentrations and feed efficiency (G:F), although the difference in G:F among treatment means was relatively small. Regression analysis revealed that daily NE intake was linearly associated with the BW of growing gilts. The prediction equations for NE intake with the BW of growing gilts were: NE intake (MJ/d) = $1.442+(0.562{\times}BW,kg)$, $R^2=0.796$ when French NE system was used, whereas NE intake (MJ/d) = $1.533+(0.614{\times}BW,kg)$, $R^2=0.810$ when Dutch NE system was used. Conclusion: Increasing NE concentrations of diets from 9.6 to 11.6 MJ NE/kg have little impacts on growth performance of growing gilts. Daily NE intake can be predicted from the BW between 15 and 40 kg in growing gilts.

Effects of dietary hatchery by-products on growth performance, relative organ weight, plasma measurements, immune organ index, meat quality, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens

Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Jong Hyuk,Han, Gi Ppeum,Kwon, Chan Ho,Kil, Dong Yong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.7

Objective: The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of dietary hatchery by-products (HBPs) as a replacement of fish meal (FM) on growth performance, relative organ weight, plasma measurements, immune organ index, meat quality, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 720 broiler chickens (3 d of age) were randomly allotted to 1 of 9 treatments with 8 replicates. Each replicate consisted of 5 male and 5 female birds. The basal diet was formulated to contain 5.0% commercial FM, whereas eight treatment diets were prepared by replacing 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100% of FM in the basal diet with infertile eggs (IFE) or a mixture of various HBPs (MIX); therefore, the inclusion levels of IFE or MIX in the experimental diets were 1.25%, 2.50%, 3.75%, or 5.00%. The diets and water were provided on an ad libitum basis for 32 d. Results: Increasing inclusion levels of IFE as a replacement of FM in diets had no effects on growth performance, plasma measurements, immune organ index, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens. Increasing inclusion levels of IFE in diets increased (linear, p<0.05) meat lightness (L^*) but decreased (linear, p<0.05) meat redness (a^*). The breast meat pH at 1-h postmortem was increased (linear, p<0.05) by increasing inclusion levels of IFE in diets. Likewise, increasing inclusion levels of MIX in diets had no effects on growth performance, relative organ weight, plasma measurements, immune organ index, and tibia characteristics. However, increasing inclusion levels of MIX in diets increased (linear, p<0.05) 1-h postmortem pH but decreased (linear, p<0.05) 24-h postmortem pH of breast meat. Increasing inclusion levels of MIX in diets decreased (linear, p<0.05) thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values of breast meat. Conclusion: Both IFE and MIX are suitable alternatives to FM as protein ingredients in broiler diets.

비표면적이 다른 빗물저장조의 미생물적 특성 비교

김미경 ( Mi Kyeong Kim ),박기쁨 ( Gi Ppeum Bak ),한무영 ( Moo Young Han ) 한국물환경학회 2010 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2010 No.-

Comparative effects of dietary functional nutrients on growth performance, meat quality, immune responses, and stress biomarkers in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions

Kim, Deok Yun,Kim, Jong Hyuk,Choi, Won Jun,Han, Gi Ppeum,Kil, Dong Yong Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.11

Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the comparative effects of dietary functional nutrients including glutamine (Gln), chromium picolinate (Cr picolinate), vitamin C (Vit C), betaine (Bet), and taurine (Tau) on growth performance, meat quality, immune responses, and stress biomarkers in broiler chickens raised under heat stress conditions. Methods: A total of 420 21-d-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens (initial body weight = 866±61.9 g) were randomly allotted to 1 of 7 treatment groups with 6 replicates. One group was kept under thermoneutral conditions and was fed a basal diet (PC, positive control). Other 6 groups were exposed to a cyclic heat stress condition. One of the 6 groups was fed the basal diet (NC, negative control), whereas 5 other groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Gln, 500 ppb Cr picolinate, 250 mg/kg Vit C, 0.2% Bet, or 1.0% Tau. The diets and water were provided ad libitum for 21 d. Results: Broiler chickens in NC group had decreased (p<0.05) growth performance and immune responses measured based on cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH), but increased (p<0.05) stress responses measured based on feather corticosterone concentrations and blood heterophil:lymphocyte than those in PC group. However, none of dietary functional nutrients had a positive effect on growth performance of broiler chickens. Dietary supplementation of 250 mg/kg Vit C improved (p<0.05) CBH responses of broiler chickens, but other functional nutrients had no such an improvement in CBH responses. All functional nutrients decreased (p<0.05) stress responses of broiler chickens. Conclusion: Functional nutrients including Gln, Cr picolinate, Vit C, Bet, and Tau at the supplemental levels used in this study decrease stress responses of broiler chickens to a relatively similar extent. However, this reduction in stress responses could not fully ameliorate decreased productive performance of broiler chickens raised under the current heat stress conditions.

축산물 중 유기인계 농약Acephate, Methamidophos 및 Monocrotophos의 잔류분석법 개발

정명근 ( Myoung-gun Choung ),주하은 ( Haeun Joo ),권희주 ( Heeju Kwon ),정주영 ( Juyoung Jeong ),김기쁨 ( Gi-ppeum Kim ),황영선 ( Young-sun Hwang ),이영득 ( Young Deuk Lee ),김정한 ( Jeong Han Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2017 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2017 No.-

This experiment was conducted to establish a simultaneous analytical method for 3 kinds organophosphorus pesticide in livestock products using GC-NPD/MS. All the pesticides residues were extracted with acetonitrile and/or acetone from representative samples of five livestock products which comprised beef, pork, chicken, egg and milk. The proteins in milk and egg were dispersed adding sodium oxalate, also the extract was removed non-polar co-extractives and lipids by n-hexane partition. The extract was finally purified by optimized Florisil column chromatography and NH2 cartridge. The analytes were separated and quantitated by GLC with NPD using a DB-17 capillary column. Accuracy and precision of the proposed method was validated by the recovery experiment from 5 kinds livestock product samples fortified with acephate, methamidophos and monocrotophos at 3 concentration levels in each triplication. Mean recoveries ranged from 71.9 to 113.2% in every fortification levels and compounds. The coefficients of variation were all less than 10%, irrespective of fortification levels. Limit of quantitation(LOQ) of the all analytes were 0.005 mg/kg as verified by the recovery experiment. A confirmatory technique using GC/MS with selected-ion monitoring was also provided to clearly identify the suspected residues. Therefore, this analytical method was reproducible and sensitive enough to determine the residues of acephate, methamidophos and monocrotophos in livestock products.