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Fujimaki, T.,Kobayashi, Y.,Wakita, M.,Hoshino, S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1994 Animal Bioscience Vol.7 No.1
Amino acid (AA) substituted diets had no influence on rumen levels of total volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia and ${\alpha}$-amino-N, but tended to increase molar proportions of isovalerate and counts of total viable AA utilizing and celluloytic bacteria in the rumen as compared with the control urea diet. The AA diets did not affect daily flow to the duodenum of dry matter (DM), organic mater (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), and rumen digestibility of these nutrients. However, the AA diets, in particular the 10 essential AA (EAA) diet improved total digestibility of DM, OM and ADF by decreasing faecal output of these fractions. Although N flow to the duodenum and N retention were not affected with the dietary treatments, duodenal bacterial flow appeared to increase by the AA diets when it was estimated by means of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) and nucleic acid-purine bases (PB) as markers. The results suggest that AA supplements to a urea diet could improve feed utilization by stimulating microbial activity and proliferation in the rumen but and increased microbial activity per se is not necessarily associated with improvement of feed conversion.
Association of a polymorphism of BTN2A1 with dyslipidemia in East Asian populations
FUJIMAKI, TETSUO,KATO, KIMIHIKO,OGURI, MITSUTOSHI,YOHIDA, TETSURO,HORIBE, HIDEKI,YOKOI, KIYOSHI,WATANABE, SACHIRO,SATOH, KEI,AOYAGI, YUKITOSHI,TANAKA, MASASHI,YOSHIDA, HIROTO,SHINKAI, SHOJI,NOZAWA, YO Spandidos Publications 2011 Experimental and therapeutic medicine Vol.2 No.4
Mineko Murakami,Takamitsu Fujimaki,Shuichiro Asano,Hiroshi Nakaguchi,Shoko M. Yamada,Katsumi Hoya,Kazuto Yamazaki,Yasuo Ishida,Akira Matsuno 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.6
High-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy has extended survival in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). However, although salvage treatment is necessary in recurrent and refractory PCNSL, this has not been standardized. We herein describe the efficacy of a combination of rituximab and temozolomide (TMZ) in two consecutive patients with recurrent and refractory PCNSL. Based on the immunohistochemical study, case 1 had a non-germinal center B-cell-like (non-GCB) subtype, was positive for bcl-2 and negative for O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Case 2 was GCB subtype, bcl-2-, and MGMT+. Because of the positive expression of MGMT, interferon-beta was additionally given in case 2. Complete responses and partial responses were obtained after the third and fourth cycles of combination therapy, respectively. This was maintained for 12 months, with acceptable toxicity. The combination of rituximab and TMZ was effective in tumors with different immunohistochemical profiles. This combination therapy warrants further study in a larger population.
Atsushi Nakajima,Mio Fujimaki,Yuki Arai,Kento Emori 대한소화기 기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.3
Background/AimsElobixibat, an ileal bile acid transporter (apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter) inhibitor, was recently launched in Japan for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation. We conducted an interim analysis of post-marketing surveillance to evaluate the safety and efficacy of elobixibat in elderly patients with chronic constipation and compared the efficacy according to administration time. MethodsSafety and efficacy outcomes were evaluated through patient interviews for 4 weeks. ResultsAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) were observed in 5.24% of the 1049 patients analyzed; diarrhea (2.19%) and abdominal pain (1.81%) were the most common. A serious ADR of death was reported in one patient (0.10%). The incidence of ADRs in the ≥ 65-year old or ≥ 75-year-old subpopulation was similar to that in the total patient population. Mean bowel movements per week significantly increased from 2.9 ± 2.5 at baseline to 5.0 ± 3.1 (P < 0.001) at Week 2 and 5.3 ± 2.6 (P < 0.001) at Week 4. The mean Bristol Stool Form Scale score significantly increased from 2.3 ± 1.4 at baseline to 3.8 ± 1.3 (P < 0.001) at Week 2 and 3.9 ± 1.1 at Week 4 (P < 0.001). Bowel movements significantly increased in the elderly population and subpopulations receiving elobixibat before breakfast, lunch, or dinner. The median time to bowel movement was 5 hours. ConclusionThe results suggested that elobixibat was well-tolerated and efficacious in elderly patients with chronic constipation and can be administered before any meals.
Expression mechanism of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 in mouse islets during pregnancy.
Iida, Hitoshi,Ogihara, Takeshi,Min, Mun-kyeong,Hara, Akemi,Kim, Yeong Gi,Fujimaki, Kyoko,Tamaki, Motoyuki,Fujitani, Yoshio,Kim, Hail,Watada, Hirotaka Journal of Endocrinology (Ltd. by Guarantee) 2015 Journal of molecular endocrinology Vol.55 No.1
<P>Serotonin signaling plays key roles in augmentation of pancreatic β-cell function during pregnancy. Increased expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1), a rate-limiting enzyme for serotonin synthesis by lactogenic hormones, is involved in this phenomenon. To investigate its mechanisms, we here performed 5'-RACE and identified β-cell-specific transcription initiation sites for Tph1. Prolactin enhanced the expression of mRNA containing these exons; however, reporter gene plasmids containing the proximal 5'-flanking region of these exons did not show prolactin responsiveness in MIN6 cells. Prolactin-induced Tph1 expression was inhibited by a Jak2 inhibitor and was partially inhibited by an MEK1/2 or PI3K inhibitor. Therefore, we analyzed interferon γ-activated sequences (GAS) and found GAS-A about 9-kbp upstream of the transcription start site. The reporter gene plasmid containing the GAS-A region linked to a heterologous promoter showed increased promoter activity by prolactin, which was inhibited by the forced expression of a dominant-negative mutant form of Stat5A and a Jak2 inhibitor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that prolactin treatment augmented Stat5 binding to the GAS-A region in MIN6 cells, as well as in isolated mouse islets, and that Stat5 recognized the GAS-A region in pregnant mouse islets. In addition, the transactivation activity of Stat5 was enhanced by prolactin through the Erk and PI3K pathways in MIN6 cells. Finally, serotonin expression was attenuated in islets of β-cell-specific Stat5-deficient mice compared with that of control littermates during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that prolactin-induced Tph1 expression is mediated by the activation of Jak2/Stat5, Erk, and PI3K pathways in β cells.</P>
Yoshiki Yasukoch,Jun Sakuma,Ichiro Takeuchi,Kimihiko Kato,Mitsutoshi Oguri,Tetsuo Fujimaki,Hideki Horibe,Yoshiji Yamada 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
Genome-wide association studies have identified various genetic variants associated with complex disorders. However, these studies have commonly been conducted in a cross-sectional manner. Therefore, we performed a longitudinal exome-wide association study (EWAS) in a Japanese cohort. We aimed to identify genetic variants that confer susceptibility to hypertension using ~ 244 000 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and physiological data from 6026 Japanese individuals who underwent annual health check-ups for several years. After quality control, the association of hypertension with SNVs was tested using a generalized estimating equation model. Finally, our longitudinal EWAS detected seven hypertension-related SNVs that passed strict criteria. Among these variants, six SNVs were densely located at 12q24.1, and an East Asian-specific motif (haplotype) ‘CAAAA’ comprising five derived alleles was identified. Statistical analyses showed that the prevalence of hypertension in individuals with the East Asian-specific haplotype was significantly lower than that in individuals with the common haplotype ‘TGGGT’. Furthermore, individuals with the East Asian haplotype may be less susceptible to the adverse effects of smoking on hypertension. The longitudinal EWAS for the recessive model showed that a novel SNV, rs11917356 of COL6A5, was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure, and the derived allele at the SNV may have spread throughout East Asia in recent evolutionary time.
An extension plan of Yakushima Biosphere Reserve as a case study of consensus building of islanders
Matsuda, Hiroyuki,Yumoto, Takakazu,Okano, Takahiro,Tetsuka, Kenshi,Fujimaki, Aomi,Shioya, Katsunori The Ecological Society of Korea 2015 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.38 No.2
A participatory approach of local stakeholders is important to create a balance between nature protection and the sustainable use of natural resources in a nature reserve and its vicinity area. The zoning and management policy of biosphere reserves (BRs) is a good example of this idea, especially for island reserves. Yakushima was inscribed as a World Natural Heritage (WH) in 1993. Almost all of its residents did not remember that Yakushima was a BR. In addition, Yakushima has some problems in nature reserve management. Overabundance of the deer population is a critical threat to both agriculture and natural vegetation in the world heritage site. There are too many tourists visiting the WH site and Nagata-hama beach. The beach is a Ramsar site and one of the most important spawning grounds of sea turtles in the north Pacific. Now, residents and the municipality have decided to reactivate the Yakushima BR. Although the Ministry of the Environment of Japan has an initiative to manage the WH and the Ramsar site, the BR is managed by the municipality and local stakeholders. Local activities of both nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources are encouraged in the BR site. The islanders willingly included all areas of the island into the BR site. Scientists who have participated in the Society of Yakushimaology have played a significant role to build trust between local stakeholders and to seek feasible policies on the nature reserves. The concept of the "Yakushima Environmental Culture Village" is a good model for the extension plan of the Yakushima and Kuchinoerabujima BRs.
An extension plan of Yakushima Biosphere Reserve as a case study of consensus building of islanders
Hiroyuki Matsuda,Takakazu Yumoto,Takahiro Okano,Kenshi Tetsuka,Aomi Fujimaki,Katsunori Shioya 한국생태학회 2015 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.38 No.2
A participatory approach of local stakeholders is important to create a balance between nature protection and the sus¬tainable use of natural resources in a nature reserve and its vicinity area. The zoning and management policy of biosphere reserves (BRs) is a good example of this idea, especially for island reserves. Yakushima was inscribed as a World Natural Heritage (WH) in 1993. Almost all of its residents did not remember that Yakushima was a BR. In addition, Yakushima has some problems in nature reserve management. Overabundance of the deer population is a critical threat to both agricul¬ture and natural vegetation in the world heritage site. There are too many tourists visiting the WH site and Nagata-hama beach. The beach is a Ramsar site and one of the most important spawning grounds of sea turtles in the north Pacific. Now, residents and the municipality have decided to reactivate the Yakushima BR. Although the Ministry of the Environ-ment of Japan has an initiative to manage the WH and the Ramsar site, the BR is managed by the municipality and local stakeholders. Local activities of both nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources are encouraged in the BR site. The islanders willingly included all areas of the island into the BR site. Scientists who have participated in the Society of Yakushimaology have played a significant role to build trust between local stakeholders and to seek feasible policies on the nature reserves. The concept of the “Yakushima Environmental Culture Village” is a good model for the extension plan of the Yakushima and Kuchinoerabujima BRs.