Identifying with the L2 Self : Study Abroad Experiences of Japanese English Language Learners

Mitchell Fryer,Peter Roger 아시아영어교육학회 2017 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.14 No.3

A possible self is a combination of the self knowledge, thoughts and beliefs that we have regarding our future potential (Markus & Nurius, 1986). This study investigated the possible selves of eight Japanese niversity study abroad (SA) students. Dörnyei (2005) posited the L2 motivational self-system, comprised of the L2 ideal self as a construct for better understanding and predicting L2 motivation. Several studies and theoretical accounts indicate that discrepancies between current and ideal states can help predict motivation, as the possible self acts as a future self-guide (Dörnyei & Chan, 2013; Higgins, 1987; Ushioda & Dörnyei, 2012). The study identified several key contextual elements that contributed to changes in the participants’ L2 motivational self systems. These included ‘thrown in the deep end’ type interactions, good timing of interactions, conscious moves by the conversation partner to assist the participants, relaxed and positive atmosphere, opportunities to initiate and sustain interactions and one on one interactions that were in line with the participants’ own cultural identity. The findings suggest the contextual elements shaped the participants’ L2 ideal and feared self images and contributed to the identification of discrepancies between current and desired states which influenced study behaviours, goals and motivation over time.

Order selection with confidence for finite mixture models

Nguyen Hien D.,Fryer Daniel,McLachlan Geoffrey J. 한국통계학회 2023 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.52 No.1

The determination of the number of mixture components (the order) of a finite mixture model has been an enduring problem in statistical inference. We prove that the closed testing principle leads to a sequential testing procedure (STP) that allows for confidence statements to be made regarding the order of a finite mixture model. We construct finite sample tests, via data splitting and data swapping, for use in the STP, and we prove that such tests are consistent against fixed alternatives. Simulation studies and real data examples are used to demonstrate the performance of the finite sample tests-based STP, yielding practical recommendations of their use as confidence estimators in combination with point estimates such as the Akaike information or Bayesian information criteria. In addition, we demonstrate that a modification of the STP yields a method that consistently selects the order of a finite mixture model, in the asymptotic sense. Our STP is not only applicable for order selection of finite mixture models, but is also useful for making confidence statements regarding any sequence of nested models.

Energy analysis of the integration of HRV and direct evaporative cooling for energy efficiency in buildings: a case study in Iraq

Al-Naseri Husham,Fryer Robert,Samir Ali 대한설비공학회 2023 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.31 No.1

Responding to climate change and adapting to global warming requires creative solutions. In Iraq, the most reliable and popular tool to have buildings cooled is airconditioning units (AC). While an evaporative cooler is not enough to achieve thermal comfort in a very hot climate, AC units consume a lot of energy which causes a significant load on the grid in Iraq resulting in increasing the emissions of CO 2 . This paper investigates the potential energy-saving associated with adopting a new arrangement of heat recovery ventilation (HRV) unit and evaporative cooler to achieve thermal comfort with far less energy. Two sets of efficiencies of both HRV and the evaporative cooler have been considered, and two different envelope performances are also investigated. To properly size the proposed system, an iterative process has been used until the smallest size of the proposed system enough to cool the building is determined. The proposed system has achieved considerable energy savings comprising a reduction of up to 66% in the cooling load energy consumption and a reduction of up to 44% in the overall energy consumption. Responding to climate change and adapting to global warming requires creative solutions. In Iraq, the most reliable and popular tool to have buildings cooled is airconditioning units (AC). While an evaporative cooler is not enough to achieve thermal comfort in a very hot climate, AC units consume a lot of energy which causes a significant load on the grid in Iraq resulting in increasing the emissions of CO2. This paper investigates the potential energy-saving associated with adopting a new arrangement of heat recovery ventilation (HRV) unit and evaporative cooler to achieve thermal comfort with far less energy. Two sets of efficiencies of both HRV and the evaporative cooler have been considered, and two different envelope performances are also investigated. To properly size the proposed system, an iterative process has been used until the smallest size of the proposed system enough to cool the building is determined. The proposed system has achieved considerable energy savings comprising a reduction of up to 66% in the cooling load energy consumption and a reduction of up to 44% in the overall energy consumption.

금붕어(Carassius auratus)와 연어(Oncorhynchus keta)에서 췌장괴저 바이러스(IPNV)의 분리에 대하여

Hah, Youg-Chil,Hong, Soon-Woo,Kim, Mi-Hee,Fryer, J.L.,Winton, J.R. The Microbiological Society of Korea 1984 미생물학회지 Vol.22 No.2

Two viruses were isolated from kidney and spleen tissues of goldfish(Carasius auratus) and the ovarian fluid of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta). Both viruses replicated and produced cytopathic effect in EPC, CHSE-214, and CHH-1 cell lines at $15^{\circ}C$. The isolates were resistant to pH 3 and choloroform. Antiserum to infections pancreatic necrosis virus(IPNV) serotype VR 299 neutralized the infectivity of both of the isolates. Electron microscopy showed that the particles had typical IPNV particle morphology with average diameters of 55nm, This paper describes the first isolation of viruses infecting cultured fish in Korea.

Phonemic Awareness as a Fundamental Listening Skill: A Cross-sectional Cohort Study of Elementary School Foreign Language Learners

Kaori Nakao,W. L. Quint Oga-Baldwin,Luke K. Fryer 아시아테플 2022 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.19 No.2

Isolation and Characterization of Bacterial Pathogens from Eels (Anguilla japonica) Cultured in Korea

Hah, Yung-Chil,Hong, Soon-Woo,Oh, Hee-Bok,Fryer, John L.,Rohovec, John S. The Microbiological Society of Korea 1984 미생물학회지 Vol.22 No.1

아산 양어장에서 양식되고 있는 뱀장어 (Anguilla japonica)로부터 22주의 병원성 세균을 분리하여 그 생화학적 성질, 혈청학적 관계, 금붕어에 대한 감염성 및 여러 항생물질에 대한 감수성을 시험하였다. 22균주중 14주 (64%)는 Edwardsiella tarda 5주 (23%)는 Aeromonas hydrophila, 기타 3균주(14%)는 Vibrio anguillarum으로 동정되었다. 3가지 분리균중에서 E. tarda는 동일한 혈청형으로 그 분리율 및 금붕어에 대한 감염성이 가장 높았다. 이에 따라 E. tarda가 조사된 양어장의 뱀장어에서 발생하는 세균성 질병의 주 병원체로 판명되었다. 세 분리균주의 균액을 수조에 풀어 금붕어에 접촉시켰을 때 그 감염율은 세 균주 모두 상대적으로 낮았다. 10주의 분리균을 택해 12가지 항생물질에 대해 감수성 검사를 한 결과 하나에서 여섯가지 약제에 대해 저항성을 나타냈으며, 그 중 tetracycline 유도체와 sulfisoxazole에 대한 저항성이 현저하였다. Twenty two cultures of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from cultured eels(Anguilla japonica) from Asan Hatchery. The bateria were characterized by their biochemical properties, serological relationships, infectivity to gold fish and susceptibility to various antimicrobial compounds. Fourteen of 22(64%) cultures were identified as Edwardsiella tarda, five (23%) as Aeromonas hydrophila and three (14%) as Vibro anguillarum. Edwardisiella tardo isolates proved to be the main cause of the disease in cultured eels. They were serologically homogeneous and their virulency to gold fish was higher than any of the other groups of bacteria tested. The virulence of 3 isolates were low in gold fish exposed to the bacteria by the waterborn route. Ten strains were tested for their susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial compounds and were resistant to from one to six drugs: in particular, tetracycline derivatives and sulfisoxazole.

The X-ray counterpart to the gravitational-wave event GW170817

Troja, E.,Piro, L.,van Eerten, H.,Wollaeger, R. T.,Im, M.,Fox, O. D.,Butler, N. R.,Cenko, S. B.,Sakamoto, T.,Fryer, C. L.,Ricci, R.,Lien, A.,Ryan Jr, R. E.,Korobkin, O.,Lee, S.-K.,Burgess, J. M.,Lee, Nature Publishing Group 2017 Nature Vol. No.

A long-standing paradigm in astrophysics is that collisions—or mergers—of two neutron stars form highly relativistic and collimated outflows (jets) that power γ-ray bursts of short (less than two seconds) duration. The observational support for this model, however, is only indirect. A hitherto outstanding prediction is that gravitational-wave events from such mergers should be associated with γ-ray bursts, and that a majority of these bursts should be seen off-axis, that is, they should point away from Earth. Here we report the discovery observations of the X-ray counterpart associated with the gravitational-wave event GW170817. Although the electromagnetic counterpart at optical and infrared frequencies is dominated by the radioactive glow (known as a ‘kilonova’) from freshly synthesized rapid neutron capture (r-process) material in the merger ejecta, observations at X-ray and, later, radio frequencies are consistent with a short γ-ray burst viewed off-axis. Our detection of X-ray emission at a location coincident with the kilonova transient provides the missing observational link between short γ-ray bursts and gravitational waves from neutron-star mergers, and gives independent confirmation of the collimated nature of the γ-ray-burst emission.