Effects of Supplements with Different Protein Contents on Nutritional Performance of Grazing Cattle During the Rainy Season

Figueiras, J.F.,Detmann, E.,Franco, M.O.,Batista, E.D.,Reis, W.L.S.,Paulino, M.F.,Valadares Filho, S.C. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.12

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplements with different crude protein (CP) contents on grazing cattle intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation pattern, and nitrogen (N) metabolism characteristics during the rainy season. Five ruminal and abomasal cannulated Holstein${\times}$Zebu steers (296 kg body weight, BW) were used in a $5{\times}5$ Latin square design. The animals grazed five signal grass paddocks (0.34 ha). The five treatments evaluated were: Control (no supplement) and 1.0 g of supplement/kg BW with 0, 330, 660, and 1,000 g of CP/kg as-fed. The supplement was composed of starch, soybean meal, urea, and ammonium sulphate. There was a positive linear effect ($p{\leq}0.033$) of the CP content in the supplements on the organic matter (OM), CP, and digested OM intakes. The provision of supplements did not increase ($p{\geq}0.158$), on average, total and ruminal digestibilities of OM and CP. However, the increase in CP content in the supplements caused a positive linear effect ($p{\leq}0.018$) on ruminal digestibilities of OM and CP. Additionally, a quadratic effect of the CP contents of the supplements were observed (p = 0.041) for the ruminal digestibility of neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein, with the highest estimate obtained with the CP content of 670 g/kg. The supply of supplements increased (p<0.001) the ruminal ammonia N concentration, which also changed linearly and positively (p<0.001) according to increase in CP content in the supplements. The apparent N balance and relative N balance (g/g N intake) were not, on average, changed ($p{\geq}0.164$) by the supplements supply. However, both showed a tendency of a linear increase ($p{\leq}0.099$) with increasing supplement CP content. The supplements increased (p = 0.007) microbial N production in the rumen, which also changed linearly and positively (p = 0.016) with increasing supplement CP content. In conclusion, protein supplementation in grazing cattle during the rainy season, while stimulating voluntary forage intake, results in higher efficiency of N utilization when compared to energy supplementation. This is a possible response to increased microbial protein synthesis in the rumen and improved N status in the animal body.

Deep-beams with indirect supports: numerical modelling and experimental assessment

Mário Pimentel,Paulo Cachim,Joaquim Figueiras 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2008 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.5 No.2

An experimental and numerical research was conducted to gain a deeper insight on the structural behaviour of deep-beams with indirect supports and to assess the size effects in the ultimate state behaviour. The experimental campaign focused on the influence of the reinforcement tie distribution height on the compression check of the support region and on the benefits of using unbonded prestressing steel. Three reduced scale specimens were tested and used to validate the results obtained with a nonlinear finite element model. As a good agreement could be found between the numerical and the experimental results, the numerical model was then further used to perform simulations in large scale deep-beams, with dimensions similar to the ones to be adopted in a practical case. Two sources of size effects were identified from the simulation results. Both sources are related to the concrete quasi-brittle behaviour and are responsible for increasing failure brittleness with increasing structural size. While in the laboratory models failure occurred both in the experimental tests as well as in the numerical simulations after reinforcement yielding, the numerically analysed large scale models exhibited shear failures with reinforcement still operating in the elastic range.

Bridge deflection evaluation using strain and rotation measurements

Helder Sousa,Filipe Cavadas,Abel Henriques,Joaquim Figueiras,João Bento 국제구조공학회 2013 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.11 No.4

Monitoring systems currently applied to concrete bridges include strain gauges, inclinometers,accelerometers and displacement transducers. In general, vertical displacements are one of the parameters that more often need to be assessed because their information reflects the overall response of the bridge span. However, the implementation of systems to continuously and directly observe vertical displacements is known to be difficult. On the other hand, strain gauges and inclinometers are easier to install, but their measurements provide no more than indirect information regarding the bridge deflection. In this context, taking advantage of the information collected through strain gauges and inclinometers, and the processing capabilities of current computers, a procedure to evaluate bridge girder deflections based on polynomial functions is presented. The procedure has been implemented in an existing software system –MENSUSMONITOR –, improving the flexibility in the data handling and enabling faster data processing by means of real time visualization capabilities. Benefiting from these features, a comprehensive analysis aiming at assessing the suitability of polynomial functions as an approximate solution for deflection curves,is presented. The effect of boundary conditions and the influence of the order of the polynomial functions on the accuracy of results are discussed. Some recommendations for further instrumentation plans are provided based on the results of the present analysis. This work is supported throughout by monitoring data collected from a laboratory beam model and two full-scale bridges.

Malignant Glomus Tumor of the Peritoneum: Case Report

Sandra Baleato-González,Roberto García-Figueiras,Maria Virginia Trujillo-Ariza,Juan Jose Carrera-Álvarez 대한영상의학회 2014 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.15 No.1

Glomus tumors are usually benign tumors that occur in the skin and soft tissues of the extremities. Visceral locations, such as stomach, intestines or lung, are extremely rare because glomus bodies are rare or absent in these organs. This report describes our experience in a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with a peritoneal malignant glomus tumor. This finding has not been previously reported.

Bridge deflection evaluation using strain and rotation measurements

Sousa, Helder,Cavadas, Filipe,Henriques, Abel,Bento, Joao,Figueiras, Joaquim Techno-Press 2013 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.11 No.4

Monitoring systems currently applied to concrete bridges include strain gauges, inclinometers, accelerometers and displacement transducers. In general, vertical displacements are one of the parameters that more often need to be assessed because their information reflects the overall response of the bridge span. However, the implementation of systems to continuously and directly observe vertical displacements is known to be difficult. On the other hand, strain gauges and inclinometers are easier to install, but their measurements provide no more than indirect information regarding the bridge deflection. In this context, taking advantage of the information collected through strain gauges and inclinometers, and the processing capabilities of current computers, a procedure to evaluate bridge girder deflections based on polynomial functions is presented. The procedure has been implemented in an existing software system - MENSUSMONITOR -, improving the flexibility in the data handling and enabling faster data processing by means of real time visualization capabilities. Benefiting from these features, a comprehensive analysis aiming at assessing the suitability of polynomial functions as an approximate solution for deflection curves, is presented. The effect of boundary conditions and the influence of the order of the polynomial functions on the accuracy of results are discussed. Some recommendations for further instrumentation plans are provided based on the results of the present analysis. This work is supported throughout by monitoring data collected from a laboratory beam model and two full-scale bridges.

A Swarm of Butterflies : Their Flight from French Exoticism to the Stage, from the Opera to the American Multicultural Classroom

FIGUEIRA, Dorothy 이화여자대학교 이화인문과학원 2014 탈경계인문학 Vol.7 No.1

This essay examines and compares the various renditions of the story of Madame Butterfly, ranging from the narrative found in Pierre Loti’s Mme. Chrysanthèe, the John Luther Long short story (Mme. Butterfly), David Belasco’s play (Mme. Butterfly), Puccini’s opera (Madama Butterfly), and finally David Henry Hwang’s dramatic subversion of this story of ill–fated love and betrayal in M. Butterfly. In recent years, Hwang’s play has become a canonical work in the canon of multicultural literature in the US. The author investigates how Hwang’s treatment of race and gender supports this pedagogy and the identity politics currently fashionable in literature departments in American academe.

A Swarm of Butterflies: Their Flight from French Exoticism to the Stage, from the Opera to the American Multicultural Classroom

Dorothy FIGUEIRA 이화여자대학교 이화인문과학원 2014 탈경계인문학 Vol.7 No.1

This essay examines and compares the various renditions of the story of Madame Butterfly, ranging from the narrative found in Pierre Loti’s Mme. Chrysanthème, the John Luther Long short story (Mme. Butterfly), David Belasco’s play (Mme. Butterfly), Puccini’s opera (Madama Butterfly), and finally David Henry Hwang’s dramatic subversion of this story of ill–fated love and betrayal in M. Butterfly. In recent years, Hwang’s play has become a canonical work in the canon of multicultural literature in the US. The author investigates how Hwang’s treatment of race and gender supports this pedagogy and the identity politics currently fashionable in literature departments in American academe.

Winkler spring behavior in FE analyses of dowel action in statically loaded RC cracks

Diogo Figueira,Carlos Sousa,Afonso Serra Neves 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2018 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.21 No.5

A nonlinear finite element modeling approach is developed to assess the behavior of a dowel bar embedded on a single concrete block substrate, subjected to monotonic loading. In this approach, a discrete representation of the steel reinforcing bar is considered, using beam finite elements with nonlinear material behavior. The bar is connected to the concrete embedment through nonlinear Winkler spring elements. This modeling approach can only be used if a new constitutive model is developed for the spring elements, to simulate the deformability and strength of the concrete substrate. To define this constitutive model, an extensive literature review was conducted, as well as 3 experimental tests, in order to select the experimental data which can be used in the calibration of the model. Based on this data, an empirical model was established to predict the global dowel response, for a wide range of bar diameters and concrete strengths. This empirical model provided the information needed for calibration of the nonlinear Winkler spring model, valid for dowel displacements up to 4 mm. This new constitutive model is composed by 5 stages, in order to reproduce the concrete substrate response.

Constitutive Model for Aggregate Interlock in FEM Analyses of Concrete Interfaces with Embedded Steel Bars

Diogo Figueira,Carlos Sousa,Afonso Serra Neves 한국콘크리트학회 2020 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.14 No.2

A nonlinear finite element model (FEM) is developed to assess the behaviour of a cracked concrete interface, reinforced with embedded steel bars and subjected to monotonic loading. A dowel action finite element modelling approach is conceived for that purpose. The bond between the steel bars and the surrounding concrete is also considered in the model and an interface finite element is included to simulate aggregate interlock. Then, the comparison of the model results with experimental values allowed the calibration of aggregate interlock constitutive relations for cracks in monolithic concrete restrained by embedded steel bars. New constitutive relations are also proposed for shear transfer by aggregate interlock in a concrete joint.

Eco-friendly adsorption of dye pollutants by palygorskite in aqueous effluents: Experimental and computational studies

Anne Beatriz Figueira Câmara,Rafael Viana Sales,Carlos Vital dos Santos Júnior,Miguel Angelo Fonseca de Souza,Clenildo de Longe,Thiago Medeiros Chianca,Rosangela Dala Possa,Luiz Carlos Bertolino,Lucie 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.7

Palygorskite clay mineral (Pal) was employed in the removal of Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB)dyes pollutants in aqueous effluents by the adsorption process. The materials, Pal raw and acid Pal (Apal), were characterizedby SEM, EDX, XRD, XFR, FTIR, XPS and Raman spectroscopy techniques that evidenced the main active sitesof clay mineral. Characterization data indicated that acid treatment caused a leaching process of metallic cations on thePal surface. As result, the maximum adsorption capacity was increased from 11.3 to 120.5mg·g1 and from 2.7 to238.1mg·g1 for MB and CR dyes, respectively. The regeneration result after five cycles was of 75% recovered to MBadsorption into Apal. Semi-empirical quantum mechanical (SQM) calculations were performed to identify the mechanismof interaction between the Pal surface and dyes. High correlation (R2>0.99) was observed for the experimentaldata using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, that were confirmed by computed enthalpy values (298.7 to 84.5 kJ·mol1), suggesting a chemisorption process as the determining step. Furthermore, the experimental and computationalresults indicated that the Pal also could work removing efficiently two dyes simultaneously with an adsorptioncapacity of 37.2 and 40.4mg·g1 for MB and CR, respectively.