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- 저자 : Paulo Cachim (검색결과 3 건)
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Substitution Materials for Sustainable Concrete Production in Portugal
Paulo Cachim,Ana Luisa Velosa,Eduardo Ferraz 대한토목학회 2014 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.18 No.1
The development of technologies for environmental protection contributes to save and preserve natural resources. Recently, both government and private sectors have accepted the view that rational utilization of non-renewable resources must be achieved. Historically, concrete industry relies heavily on the use of natural aggregates and Portland cement. Abundance of natural fine and coarse aggregates, located close to major cities, prescription specifications, and large production and inexpensive transport have contributed to this practice. On the other hand, related with limited waste disposal sites, an ecologically sustainable and responsible attitude is being adopted with respect to waste minimisation and utilisation of alternative materials in construction, to improve sustainability through energy efficiency, reducing CO2 emissions, the cost of building and life-cycle maintenance. This paper presents the use of some natural raw materials and industrial by-products as substitution materials towards concrete sustainability. The reported materials are used as cement or aggregate replacement and are environmentally safe (non hazardous) and stable.
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Modelling the Torque with Artificial Neural Networks on a Tunnel Boring Machine
Paulo Cachim,Adam Bezuijen 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.10
The performance of earth pressure balanced tunnel boring machines (EPB-TBM) is dependent of a variety of parameters. Moreover, these parameters interact in a rather challenging way, making it difficult to adequately model their behaviour. Artificial neural networks have the aptitude to model complex problems and have been used in a variety of construction engineering problems. They can learn from existing data and then be used to predict the results, which makes them adequate for modelling problems where large amount of data is generated. In this work, a multilayer feedforward artificial neural network has been used to predict the torque at the cutter head of an EPB-TBM. A time series neural network has been used, where torque was predicted as a function of the measured torque and the volume of the injected foam on previous time steps. Results indicate that feedforward artificial neural network can be used to predict the torque at the cutter head in a EPB-TBM
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Deep-beams with indirect supports: numerical modelling and experimental assessment
Mário Pimentel,Paulo Cachim,Joaquim Figueiras 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2008 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.5 No.2
An experimental and numerical research was conducted to gain a deeper insight on the structural behaviour of deep-beams with indirect supports and to assess the size effects in the ultimate state behaviour. The experimental campaign focused on the influence of the reinforcement tie distribution height on the compression check of the support region and on the benefits of using unbonded prestressing steel. Three reduced scale specimens were tested and used to validate the results obtained with a nonlinear finite element model. As a good agreement could be found between the numerical and the experimental results, the numerical model was then further used to perform simulations in large scale deep-beams, with dimensions similar to the ones to be adopted in a practical case. Two sources of size effects were identified from the simulation results. Both sources are related to the concrete quasi-brittle behaviour and are responsible for increasing failure brittleness with increasing structural size. While in the laboratory models failure occurred both in the experimental tests as well as in the numerical simulations after reinforcement yielding, the numerically analysed large scale models exhibited shear failures with reinforcement still operating in the elastic range.
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