Nitrogen supply associated with rhizobacteria in the first productive cycle of Marandu grass

Fernando Antônio Rebouças Sampaio,Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho,Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira,Arshad Jalal,Eduardo Henrique Marcandalli Boleta,Bruno Horschut de Lima,Poliana Aparecida Leo 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.4

The rhizobacteria of genus Azospirillum and Bacillus are efective at fxing atmospheric nitrogen, promote plant growth and can largely contribute to benefcial recovery from degraded pastures. This study aimed to evaluate the development and nutritional status of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu in response to nitrogen doses along with inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus subtilis. The experiment was carried in a completely randomized design in a greenhouse with four replications and in factorial scheme 4×5. The treatments were consisted of seeds inoculation (without inoculation, A. brasilense (strains Ab-V5, Ab-V6), B. subtilis (strain CCTB04) and co-inoculation with strains of A. brasilense+strain of B. subtilis, and nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha−1, equivalent to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg dm−3 N) from urea. The sole inoculation of A. brasilense and B. subitilis promoted plant height of Marandu grass along with nitrogen fertilization. The co-inoculation of these bacteria increased potassium accumulation in Marandu grass along with nitrogen doses. Regardless of bacterial inoculation, number of tillers, leaves, dry matter accumulation, crude protein and accumulations of N, P, Ca, S and Mg were increased with increasing nitrogen doses in the frst forage cycle.

Frailty-Independent Undertreatment Negative Impact on Survival in Older Patients With Breast Cancer

Fernando Osório,António S. Barros,Bárbara Peleteiro,Ana Rita Barradas,Joana Urbano,José Luís Fougo,Adelino Leite-Moreira 한국유방암학회 2021 Journal of breast cancer Vol.24 No.6

Purpose: The management of older adults with breast cancer (BC) remains controversial. The challenging assessment of aging idiosyncrasies and the scarce evidence of therapeutic guidelines can lead to undertreatment. Our goal was to measure undertreatment and assess its impact on survival. Methods: Consecutive patients with BC aged 70 years or older were prospectively enrolled in 2014. Three frailty screening tools (G8, fTRST, and GFI) and two functional status scales (Karnofsky performance score and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status) were applied. Disease characteristics, treatment options, and causes of mortality were recorded during a 5-year follow-up. In addition, we defined undertreatment and correlated its survival impact with frailty. Results: A total of 92 patients were included in the study. The median age was 77 (range 70–94) years. The prevalence of frailty was discordant (G8, 41.9%; fTRST, 74.2%; GFI, 32.3%). Only 47.8% of the patients had a local disease, probably due to a late diagnosis (73.9% based on self-examination). Thirty-three patients (35.6%) died, of which 15 were from BC. We found a considerably high proportion (53.3%) of undertreatment, which had a frailty-independent negative impact on the 5-year survival (hazard ratio [HR], 5.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–12.5). Additionally, omission of surgery had a frailty-independent negative impact on overall survival (HR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.9–7.9). Conclusion: BC treatment in older adults should be individualized. More importantly, assessing frailty (not to treat) is essential to be aware of the risk-benefit profile and the patient's well-informed willingness to be treated. Undertreatment in daily practice is frequent and might have a negative impact on survival, as we report.

Clean syngas production by gasification of lignocellulosic char: State of the art and future prospects

Rui Moreira,Fernando Bimbela,Noemí Gil-Lalaguna,José Luis Sánchez,António Portugal 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.101 No.-

Using lignocellulosic char instead of the original biomass avoids the need for costly cleaning andconditioning stages of the producer gasification gas. However, lignocellulosic char gasification has beenless extensively studied than gasification of lignocellulosic biomass, and a review of published works onthis topic was missing. In this review the present status of char gasification technologies and their futureprospects are critically discussed, including possible research opportunities. To date, most studies onchar gasification have been performed in thermogravimetric analyzers (TGA) or TGA-like experimentalsetups. The major setback of TGA and TGA-like equipment is that they do not mimic the actual reactionconditions occurring in gasification reactors, which impedes a direct extrapolation of thefindings duringthe scale-up of different gasification technologies. For this reason, in this literature review focus was puton studies undertaken in industrially relevant reactors, both in batch and continuous configurations. Overall, char gasification can be deemed a valid alternative for clean syngas production, contributing toan integral valorization of lignocellulosic residues within different biorefinery schemes. Of these, processintensification by microwave heating offers interesting opportunities for research and scaling-up, thoughefforts must be directed toward developing continuous microwave-assisted gasification processes.

Genotype by environment interaction for somatic cell score in Holstein cattle of southern Brazil via reaction norms

Mulim Henrique Alberto,Pinto Luis Fernando Batista,Valloto Altair Antônio,Pedrosa Victor Breno 아세아·태평양축산학회 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.4

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic behavior of a population of Holstein cattle in response to the variation of environmental temperature by analyzing the effects of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) through reaction norms for the somatic cell score (SCS). Methods: Data was collected for 67,206 primiparous cows from the database of the Paraná Holstein Breeders Association in Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the temperature effect, considered as an environmental variable, distinguished under six gradients, with the variation range found being 17°C to 19.5°C, over the region. A reaction norm model was adopted utilizing the fourth order under the Legendre polynomials, using the mixed models of analysis by the restricted maximum likelihood method by the WOMBAT software. Additionally, the genetic behavior of the 15 most representative bulls was assessed, in response to the changes in the temperature gradient. Results: A mean score of 2.66 and a heritability variation from 0.17 to 0.23 was found in the regional temperature increase. The correlation between the environmental gradients proved to be higher than 0.80. Distinctive genetic behaviors were observed according to the increase in regional temperature, with an observed increase of up to 0.258 in the breeding values of some animals, as well as a reduction in the breeding of up to 0.793, with occasional reclassifications being observed as the temperature increased. Conclusion: Non-relevant GEI for SCS were observed in Holstein cattle herds of southern Brazil. Thus, the inclusion of the temperature effect in the model of genetic evaluation of SCS for the southern Brazilian Holstein breed is not required. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic behavior of a population of Holstein cattle in response to the variation of environmental temperature by analyzing the effects of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) through reaction norms for the somatic cell score (SCS).Methods: Data was collected for 67,206 primiparous cows from the database of the Paraná Holstein Breeders Association in Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the temperature effect, considered as an environmental variable, distinguished under six gradients, with the variation range found being 17°C to 19.5°C, over the region. A reaction norm model was adopted utilizing the fourth order under the Legendre polynomials, using the mixed models of analysis by the restricted maximum likelihood method by the WOMBAT software. Additionally, the genetic behavior of the 15 most representative bulls was assessed, in response to the changes in the temperature gradient.Results: A mean score of 2.66 and a heritability variation from 0.17 to 0.23 was found in the regional temperature increase. The correlation between the environmental gradients proved to be higher than 0.80. Distinctive genetic behaviors were observed according to the increase in regional temperature, with an observed increase of up to 0.258 in the breeding values of some animals, as well as a reduction in the breeding of up to 0.793, with occasional reclassifications being observed as the temperature increased.Conclusion: Non-relevant GEI for SCS were observed in Holstein cattle herds of southern Brazil. Thus, the inclusion of the temperature effect in the model of genetic evaluation of SCS for the southern Brazilian Holstein breed is not required.

Peripheral nerve blocks for acute trigeminal neuralgia involving maxillary and mandibular branches: a case report

Ricardo Luiz de Barreto Aranha,Renata Gonçalves Resende,Fernando Antônio de Souza 대한치과마취과학회 2023 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.23 No.6

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is neuropathic pain that affects the trigeminal nerve branches. Facial pain experienced by patients with TN is typically intense and excruciating. The second and third branches (maxillary and mandibular) are commonly affected. This case report focuses on the potential treatment options for acute TN attacks involving these branches. The proposed approach involves extra-oral peripheral blocks using local anesthetics. Pain levels were measured using a visual numeric scale (VNS) with potential side effects and other relevant documented information. The patients showed responses from high pain levels to almost complete remission (from 8 to 2 and from 10 to 2 on the final VNS), with no significant side effects. This technique provides immediate pain relief and complements oral medications by offering comfort and confidence until the desired drug effect is achieved.

Insect Resistance and Horticultural Trait Genetic Values of Potato Families

Velci Queiróz de Souza,Arione da Silva Pereira,Giovani Olegário da Silva,Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho,Antônio Costa de Oliveira 한국작물학회 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.1

This work aimed to evaluate 11 potato families for insect resistance horticultural traits. The families were derived from crosses between introduced insect resistant and adapted genotypes. A randomized complete block design, with three replications was used. The plot consisted of 25 genotypes of a family, summing up to 75 genotypes tested per family. Two susceptible cultivars were included in the experiment as controls. The genotypes were evaluated for insect resistance, tuber yield traits, tuber appearance, and tuber skin smoothness. The genetic value for the intensity of insect attack in the leaves and in the tubers was lower (higher resistance) in the 11 families than in the controls. For yield traits, there was no predominant effect among the families regarding the origin of the resistant donor species (Solanum berthaultii and/or S. chacoense). However, there was a large contribution of the C-1485-16- 87 recurrent parent in crosses with resistant genotypes for tuber yield and tuber number. In relation to tuber appearance, only the family derived form the C-1485-16-87/ND140 (S. berthaultii) cross did not differ from the controls. For tuber skin smoothness, the genetic values of the families did not significantly from each other or from the controls. This work aimed to evaluate 11 potato families for insect resistance horticultural traits. The families were derived from crosses between introduced insect resistant and adapted genotypes. A randomized complete block design, with three replications was used. The plot consisted of 25 genotypes of a family, summing up to 75 genotypes tested per family. Two susceptible cultivars were included in the experiment as controls. The genotypes were evaluated for insect resistance, tuber yield traits, tuber appearance, and tuber skin smoothness. The genetic value for the intensity of insect attack in the leaves and in the tubers was lower (higher resistance) in the 11 families than in the controls. For yield traits, there was no predominant effect among the families regarding the origin of the resistant donor species (Solanum berthaultii and/or S. chacoense). However, there was a large contribution of the C-1485-16- 87 recurrent parent in crosses with resistant genotypes for tuber yield and tuber number. In relation to tuber appearance, only the family derived form the C-1485-16-87/ND140 (S. berthaultii) cross did not differ from the controls. For tuber skin smoothness, the genetic values of the families did not significantly from each other or from the controls.

Assessment of a Simpler Friction Factor in an Algebraic Solution for Adiabatic Coiled Capillary Tubes

Thiago Torres Martins Rocha,Sara Isabel De Melo Resende,H elio Augusto Goulart Diniz,Fernando Antônio Rodrigues Filho,Raphael Nunes De Oliveira 대한설비공학회 2020 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.28 No.4

In this work, the performance of an existing algebraic solution for adiabatic coiled capillary tubes, in subcritical cycles, is investigated. However, the C-M&N friction factor, commonly used, was replaced by Schmidt friction factor, which is less complex. Two existing dimensionless correlations were also evaluated for comparison. To assess the effect of altering the friction factor, experimental data collected in the literature were used as reference. Analyzing the present results and that with C-M&N friction factor, it was observed that adopting the Schmidt friction factor does not cause a relevant impact on the solution. The deviations of the predicted versus experimental mass flow rates were comprised in a range between –8% and 12%, with average deviation (AD), absolute average deviation (AAD) and root mean square (RMS) error of –0.1%, 2.7% and 3.4%, respectively. The empirical correlations presented unsatisfactory results, with maximum deviation around 40%. Therefore, it was concluded that using the Schmidt friction factor is adequate to reduce the complexity of the algebraic solution and to maintain the accuracy.

Macroscopic, Histological, and Microbiological Characterization of Contact Lesions at the Tibiotarsal Region of Broilers

Ricardo Cavani,Marcela da Silva Rubio,Khauston Augusto Pereira Alves,Lucas José Luduverio Pizauro,Marita Vedovelli Cardozo,Paulo Lourenço Silva,Iran José Oliveira Silva,Fernando Antônio Avila 한국축산식품학회 2022 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Brazil is considered as a great broiler feet exporter, especially for the Chinese trade. Contact lesions at the tibiotarsal region are responsible for economic losses and there is no model for its classification, thereby this study presents a fast and practical grade system to be used in the poultry industry and proposes these lesion characterizations into three different grades. For this, correlation was made between macroscopic, histological findings and microbiological quantification (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and sulphite-reducing clostridia) from contact lesions in the tibiotarsal region of 112 broiler carcasses, divided in four groups (n=28), accordingly to the lesion’s intensity. There were no significant differences in microbiological quantification among the groups (p>0.05) except for the grade 3 group, as grade 1 and 2 lesions were in the early stages and histopathological changes such as ulceration were not observed. In grade 3 lesion group, it was observed bacterial cocci grume and ulceration at the articular region and significantly higher microbiological count (p<0.05) for E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. In conclusion, the visual standard proposed in this work, correlated and confirmed by the histopathologic, and microbiologic characterization, allows to precise and fast ascertainment of the contact lesion grade in the tibiotarsal regions of broiler carcasses. Moreover, it should be highlighted that grades 1 and 2 alterations are not caused by an inflammatory process caused by pathogenic agents and should not be considered a public health risk.

Macroscopic;Histological;and Microbiological Characterization of Contact Lesions at the Tibiotarsal Region of Broilers

Ricardo Cavani,Marcela da Silva Rubio,Khauston Augusto Pereira Alves,Lucas José, Luduverio Pizauro,Marita Vedovelli Cardozo,Paulo Lourenç,o Silva,Iran José, Oliveira Silva,Fernando Antô,nio Avila 한국축산식품학회 2022 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.42 No.1

Brazil is considered as a great broiler feet exporter;especially for the Chinese trade. Contact lesions at the tibiotarsal region are responsible for economic losses and there is no model for its classification;thereby this study presents a fast and practical grade system to be used in the poultry industry and proposes these lesion characterizations into three different grades. For this;correlation was made between macroscopic;histological findings and microbiological quantification (Escherichia coli;Staphylococcus spp.;Streptococcus spp. and sulphite-reducing clostridia) from contact lesions in the tibiotarsal region of 112 broiler carcasses;divided in four groups (n=28);accordingly to the lesion’s intensity. There were no significant differences in microbiological quantification among the groups (p>0.05) except for the grade 3 group;as grade 1 and 2 lesions were in the early stages and histopathological changes such as ulceration were not observed. In grade 3 lesion group;it was observed bacterial cocci grume and ulceration at the articular region and significantly higher microbiological count (p<0.05) for E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. In conclusion;the visual standard proposed in this work;correlated and confirmed by the histopathologic;and microbiologic characterization;allows to precise and fast ascertainment of the contact lesion grade in the tibiotarsal regions of broiler carcasses. Moreover;it should be highlighted that grades 1 and 2 alterations are not caused by an inflammatory process caused by pathogenic agents and should not be considered a public health risk.