Visible Light Photoelectrocatalytic Properties of Novel Yttrium Treated Carbon Nanotube/Titania Composite Electrodes

Zhang, Feng-Jun,Chen, Ming-Liang,Zhang, Kan,Oh, Won-Chun Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.1

Photoelectrocatalytic decolorization of methlene blue (MB) in the presence of two types of carbon nanotube/titania and yttrium-treated carbon nanotube/titania electrodes in aqueous solutions were studied under visible light. The prepared composite electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and photoelectrocatalytic activity. The photoelectrocatalytic performances of the supported catalysts were evaluated for the decolorization of MB solution under visible light irradiation. The results showed that yttrium incorporation enhanced the decolorization rate of MB. It was found that the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of a MB solution could be attributed to the combined effects caused by the photo-degradation of titania, the electron assistance of carbon nanotube network, the enhancement of yttrium and a function of the applied potential. The repeatability of photocatalytic activity was also tested. The presence of yttrium enhanced the hydrophillicity of yttrium-carbon nanotubes/titania electrode because more OH groups can be adsorbed on the surface.

Mode identifiability of a cable-stayed bridge based on a Bayesian method

Feng-Liang Zhang,Yi-Qing Ni,Yan-Chun Ni 국제구조공학회 2016 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.17 No.3

Modal identification based on ambient vibration data has attracted extensive attention in the past few decades. Since the excitation for ambient vibration tests is mainly from the environmental effects such as wind and traffic loading and no artificial excitation is applied, the signal to noise (s/n) ratio of the data acquired plays an important role in mode identifiability. Under ambient vibration conditions, certain modes may not be identifiable due to a low s/n ratio. This paper presents a study on the mode identifiability of an instrumented cable-stayed bridge with the use of acceleration response data measured by a long-term structural health monitoring system. A recently developed fast Bayesian FFT method is utilized to perform output-only modal identification. In addition to identifying the most probable values (MPVs) of modal parameters, the associated posterior uncertainties can be obtained by this method. Likewise, the power spectral density of modal force can be identified, and thus it is possible to obtain the modal s/n ratio. This provides an efficient way to investigate the mode identifiability. Three groups of data are utilized in this study: the first one is 10 data sets including six collected under normal wind conditions and four collected during typhoons; the second one is three data sets with wind speeds of about 7.5 m/s; and the third one is some blind data. The first two groups of data are used to perform ambient modal identification and help to estimate a critical value of the s/n ratio above which the deficient mode is identifiable, while the third group of data is used to perform verification. A couple of fundamental modes are identified, including the ones in the vertical and transverse directions respectively and coupled in both directions. The uncertainty and s/n ratio of the deficient mode are investigated and discussed. A critical value of the modal s/n ratio is suggested to evaluate the mode identifiability of the deficient mode. The work presented in this paper could provide a base for the vibration-based condition assessment in future.

NLRP3-dependent lipid droplet formation contributes to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus by increasing the permeability of the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier in the choroid plexus

Zhang Zhaoqi,Guo Peiwen,Liang Liang,Jila Shiju,Ru Xufang,Zhang Qiang,Chen Jingyu,Chen Zhi,Feng Hua,Chen Yujie 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Hydrocephalus is a severe complication that can result from intracerebral hemorrhage, especially if this hemorrhage extends into the ventricles. Our previous study indicated that the NLRP3 inflammasome mediates cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion in the choroid plexus epithelium. However, the pathogenesis of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus remains unclear, and therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment are lacking. In this study, an Nlrp3−/− rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular extension and primary choroid plexus epithelial cell culture were used to investigate the potential effects of NLRP3-dependent lipid droplet formation and its role in the pathogenesis of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. The data indicated that NLRP3-mediated dysfunction of the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (B-CSFB) accelerated neurological deficits and hydrocephalus, at least in part, through the formation of lipid droplets in the choroid plexus; these lipid droplets interacted with mitochondria and increased the release of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species that destroyed tight junctions in the choroid plexus after intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular extension. This study broadens the current understanding of the relationship among NLRP3, lipid droplets and the B-CSFB and provides a new therapeutic target for the treatment of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Strategies to protect the B-CSFB may be effective therapeutic approaches for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.

Structural system identification by measurement error-minimization observability method using multiple static loading cases

Feng-Liang Zhang,Jun Lei,Jose Antonio Lozano-Galant,Dong Xu,Jose Turmo 국제구조공학회 2022 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.30 No.4

Evaluating the current condition of existing structures is of primary importance for economic and safety reasons. This can be addressed by Structural System Identification (SSI). A reliable static SSI depends on well-designed sensor configuration and loading cases, as well as efficient parameter estimation algorithms. Static SSI by the Measurement Error-Minimizing Observability Method (MEMOM) is a model-based deterministic static SSI method that could estimate structural parameters from static responses. In the current state of the art, this method is only applicable when structures are subjected to one loading case. This might lead to lack of information in some local regions of the structure (such as the null curvatures zones). To address this issue, the SSI by MEMOM using multiple loading cases is proposed in this work. Observability equations obtained from different loading cases are concatenated simultaneously and an optimization procedure is introduced to obtain the estimations by minimizing the discrepancy between the predicted response and the measured one. In addition, a Genetic-Algorithm (GA)-based Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) method is proposed to tackle the OSP problem under multiple static loading cases for the very first time. In this approach, the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM)'s determinant is used as the metric of the goodness of sensor configurations. The numerical examples of a 3-span continuous bridge and a 13-story frame, are analyzed to validate the applicability of the extended SSI by MEMOM and the GA-based OSP method.

Visible Light Photoelectrocatalytic Properties of Novel Yttrium Treated Carbon Nanotube/Titania Composite Electrodes

Feng-Jun Zhang,Ming-Liang Chen,Kan Zhang,오원춘 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.1

Photoelectrocatalytic decolorization of methlene blue (MB) in the presence of two types of carbon nanotube/titania and yttrium-treated carbon nanotube/titania electrodes in aqueous solutions were studied under visible light. The prepared composite electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and photoelectrocatalytic activity. The photoelectrocatalytic performances of the supported catalysts were evaluated for the decolorization of MB solution under visible light irradiation. The results showed that yttrium incorporation enhanced the decolorization rate of MB. It was found that the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of a MB solution could be attributed to the combined effects caused by the photo-degradation of titania, the electron assistance of carbon nanotube network, the enhancement of yttrium and a function of the applied potential. The repeatability of photocatalytic activity was also tested. The presence of yttrium enhanced the hydrophillicity of yttrium-carbon nanotubes/titania electrode because more OH groups can be adsorbed on the surface.

Operational modal analysis of Canton Tower by a fast frequency domain Bayesian method

Feng-Liang Zhang,Yan-Chun Ni,Yan-Chun Ni,You-Wu Wang 국제구조공학회 2016 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.17 No.2

The Canton Tower is a high-rise slender structure with a height of 610 m. A structural health monitoring system has been instrumented on the structure, by which data is continuously monitored. This paper presents an investigation on the identified modal properties of the Canton Tower using ambient vibration data collected during a whole day (24 hours). A recently developed Fast Bayesian FFT method is utilized for operational modal analysis on the basis of the measured acceleration data. The approach views modal identification as an inference problem where probability is used as a measure for the relative plausibility of outcomes given a model of the structure and measured data. Focusing on the first several modes, the modal properties of this supertall slender structure are identified on non-overlapping time windows during the whole day under normal wind speed. With the identified modal parameters and the associated posterior uncertainty, the distribution of the modal parameters in the future is predicted and assessed. By defining the modal root-mean-square value in terms of the power spectral density of modal force identified, the identified natural frequencies and damping ratios versus the vibration amplitude are investigated with the associated posterior uncertainty considered. Meanwhile, the correlations between modal parameters and temperature, modal parameters and wind speed are studied. For comparison purpose, the frequency domain decomposition (FDD) method is also utilized to identify the modal parameters. The identified results obtained by the Bayesian method, the FDD method and a finite element model are compared and discussed.

Dynamic Adjustment Strategy of n-Epidemic Routing Protocol for Opportunistic Networks: A Learning Automata Approach

( Feng Zhang ),( Xiaoming Wang ),( Lichen Zhang ),( Peng Li ),( Liang Wang ),( Wangyang Yu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.4

In order to improve the energy efficiency of n-Epidemic routing protocol in opportunistic networks, in which a stable end-to-end forwarding path usually does not exist, a novel adjustment strategy for parameter n is proposed using learning atuomata principle. First, nodes dynamically update the average energy level of current environment while moving around. Second, nodes with lower energy level relative to their neighbors take larger n avoiding energy consumption during message replications and vice versa. Third, nodes will only replicate messages to their neighbors when the number of neighbors reaches or exceeds the threshold n. Thus the number of message transmissions is reduced and energy is conserved accordingly. The simulation results show that, n-Epidemic routing protocol with the proposed adjustment method can efficiently reduce and balance energy consumption. Furthermore, the key metric of delivery ratio is improved compared with the original n-Epidemic routing protocol. Obviously the proposed scheme prolongs the network life time because of the equilibrium of energy consumption among nodes.

Flexural behavior of partially prefabricated partially encased composite beams

Jiong-feng Liang,Liu-feng Zhang,Ying-hua Yang,Li Wei 국제구조공학회 2021 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.38 No.6

An innovative partially precast partially encased composite beam (PPECB) is put forward based on the existing research. In order to study the flexural performance of the new composite beam which has precast part and cast-in-place part, six prefabricated specimens and one cast-in-place specimen are designed with considering the influence of the production method, the steel flange thickness, the concrete strength grade and the stirrup process on the behavior of the composite beam. Through four points loading and test data collection and analysis, the behavior of partially prefabricated specimen is similar to that of cast-in-place specimen, and the casting method, the thickness of the steel flange, the concrete strength grade and the stirrup process have different influence on the crack, yield and peak load bearing capacity of the component. Finally, the calculation theory of plastic bending of partially precast partially encased concrete composite beams is given. The calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which can be used for practical engineering theory guidance. This paper can provide reference value for further research and engineering application.

Protective Effects of Gypenosides against Fatty Liver Disease Induced by High Fat and Cholesterol Diet and Alcohol in Rats

Renan Qin,Hong Nie,Jianyu Zhang,Chuyuan Li,Xiaoqi Zhang,Aihua Xiong,Feng Huang,Zhen Yin,Kongyan Li,Wenyu Qin,Mingzhen Chen,Shubing Zhang,Lingyi Liang,Huiye Zhang,Wencai Ye 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.7

In the present study, the protective effects of gypenosides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum on fatty liver disease (FLD) were examined in rats treated with high fat and cholesterol diet and alcohol. Male SD rats were divided into seven groups: control, model, lovastatin, silymarin, gypenosides high-, medium- and low-treatment groups. The latter 6 groups were fed high-fat and cholesterol diet and administered alcohol intragastricly once a day. Body weight was measured every week for 10 weeks, and the hepatic index was measured after 10 weeks. Compared with model group, levels of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acid (FFA), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, malondialdehyde (MDA), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, and hepatocyte apoptosis were significantly decreased in gypenosides groups; while serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both serum and hepatic tissue and mRNA and protein level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) were significantly increased. Moreover, hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial damage were improved. These results suggested that gypenosides could prevent liver fatty degeneration in fatty liver disease through modulating lipid metabolism, ameliorating liver dysfunction and reducing oxidative stress.

Is Surgical Resection Justified for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus? (A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis)

( Liang Lei ),( Xin-fei Xu ),( Jiong-jie Yu ),( Ju-dong Li ),( Zhen-li Li ),( Jun Han ),( Han Zhang ),( Hao Xing ),( Han Wu ),( Ming-da Wang ),( Chao Li ),( Zheng Wang ),( Feng Shen ),( Meng-chao Wu ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is very poor. According to the BCLC treatment recommendations, sorafenib or other palliative treatment (PT) is recommended as the first-line therapy when it happens. In real world, however, a significant number of selected patients with HCC and PVTT suffered from surgical resection (SR). Methods: PubMed, Embase, Medline and Cochrane library were searched for studies comparing SR with PT (including TACE, sorafenib, etc.) for HCC with PVTT, which were published before September 2017. Results: 4,810 patients from 7 studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis, which divided into the SR group (n = 2,344) and the PT group (n = 2476). When compared with the PT group, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for the 1, 3 and 5-year OS rates of the SR group were 0.56 (95% CI 0.52-0.60, P=0.03), 0.56 (95% CI 0.53-0.59, P<0.001) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.54-0.57, P<0.001). For subgroup analysis, when compared with the mere TACE group, the pooled HR for the 1, 3 and 5-year OS rates of the SR group were 0.54 (95% CI 0.43-0.67, P=0.81), 0.75 (95% CI 0.65-0.87, P=0.25) and 0.76 (95% CI 0.67-0.88, P=0.25). Conclusions: This meta-analysis demonstrated SR had better OS than TACE or other palliative therapy for HCC with PVTT. SR may be suitable as the first-line treatment for selected patients with resectable HCC and removable PVTT.