Protective Effects of Gypenosides against Fatty Liver Disease Induced by High Fat and Cholesterol Diet and Alcohol in Rats

Renan Qin,Hong Nie,Jianyu Zhang,Chuyuan Li,Xiaoqi Zhang,Aihua Xiong,Feng Huang,Zhen Yin,Kongyan Li,Wenyu Qin,Mingzhen Chen,Shubing Zhang,Lingyi Liang,Huiye Zhang,Wencai Ye 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.7

In the present study, the protective effects of gypenosides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum on fatty liver disease (FLD) were examined in rats treated with high fat and cholesterol diet and alcohol. Male SD rats were divided into seven groups: control, model, lovastatin, silymarin, gypenosides high-, medium- and low-treatment groups. The latter 6 groups were fed high-fat and cholesterol diet and administered alcohol intragastricly once a day. Body weight was measured every week for 10 weeks, and the hepatic index was measured after 10 weeks. Compared with model group, levels of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acid (FFA), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, malondialdehyde (MDA), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, and hepatocyte apoptosis were significantly decreased in gypenosides groups; while serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both serum and hepatic tissue and mRNA and protein level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) were significantly increased. Moreover, hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial damage were improved. These results suggested that gypenosides could prevent liver fatty degeneration in fatty liver disease through modulating lipid metabolism, ameliorating liver dysfunction and reducing oxidative stress.

Design and Characteristic Measurement of 8000 mm Large Aperture Integrating Sphere

Zhao Zhang,Zhi Wan,Xiansheng Li,Hongxing Liu,Jingxu Sun,Zexun Liu,Yamin Wang,Jianwei Ren,Jianyue Ren 한국광학회 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.4

Integrating spheres play a central role in the radiometric calibration of remote sensors. With thedevelopment of the wide field of view (FOV) remote sensors, aperture diameters of remote sensors arebecoming larger and larger. To satisfy the radiometric calibration requirements of full FOV and fullaperture, an 8000mm diameter large aperture integrating sphere uniform source with a variable exit portwas designed and manufactured. This integrating sphere will be used for pre-launch test and radiometriccalibration of remote satellites. In this paper, optical theories were used to design the output spectralradiance. The LightTools software based on ray-tracing simulation method was used to determine the bestcombination and distribution of inner light sources. A spectral experiment was made to verify the spectralradiance design. To reduce the influence of longtime power-on, a new characteristic measurement methodwas developed to obtain the radiation characteristic of the integrating sphere, which could greatly improvethe measuring efficiency. This method could also be applied to measure other large aperture uniformsources. The obtained results indicate that the spatial uniformity is 98.35%, and the angular uniformityat center position is 98.78%.

Identification and differential expression of two isogenes encoding 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase in Glycine max

Man Zhang,Deyue Yu,Kai Li,Jianyu Liu 한국식물생명공학회 2012 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.6 No.4

Plant 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) were considered to be encoded by single copy. In this study, we successfully isolated two DXR isogenes, designated GmDXR1 and GmDXR2, from soybean. The multicopy nature of DXRs in soybean was supported by Southern blot. Alignment of the two GmDXRs showed the presence of the N-terminal transit peptide for plastids, the conserved cleavage site, prolinerich region, and the NADPH-binding motif. Phylogenetic analysis revealed GmDXR1 and GmDXR2 belonged to different branches of angiosperm DXRs clusters. Expression pattern analysis indicated that GmDXR1 was expressed in all analyzed organs except the pod walls, with the highest level in seeds, whereas no message was detected for GmDXR2. In response to heat stress, GmDXR1 showed declined transcript levels in the experiments; in contrast,GmDXR2 was highly responsive, with mRNA accumulation peaking at 6 h after treatment. We also demonstrated that both GmDXRs were localized in chloroplasts. Overexpression of GmDXRs induced increased contents of various isoprenoids (chlorophyll, carotenoids, and gibberellins),but with reduced level of ABA, indicating that GmDXRs participate in the control of differential isoprenoid biosynthesis of the MEP pathway. This work provides a new insight into the wide presence of multicopies of DXR enzyme in plants.

Thermal expansion, luminescence, and scintillation properties of CaMoO₄ crystals grown by the vertical Bridgman method

Pan, Shangke,Zhang, Jianyu,Pan, Jianguo,Ren, Guohao,Lee, Jooyoung,Kim, Hongjoo Elsevier 2018 Journal of crystal growth Vol.498 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> crystal is a promising scintillator for investigating the neutrinoless double beta decay process and is commonly grown by the Czochralski method. In this study, CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> single crystals were grown by the vertical Bridgman method using both spontaneous crystallization and seed crystal approaches. The CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> crystal grown using the spontaneous crystallization approach exhibited yellow, light blue, and deep blue colours (from top to middle part of the ingot). The thermal expansion coefficients, α<SUP>a</SUP> and α<SUP>c</SUP>, were calculated to be 6.11 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>/°C, and 23.58 × 10<SUP>−5</SUP>/°C, respectively. The optical transmission spectra and photo- and thermally stimulated luminescence spectra of the crystals before and after thermal annealing were also investigated. The yellow cubic CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> crystal showed the highest x-ray-stimulated luminescence intensity and the best light output under the excitation of a <SUP>137</SUP>Cs radioactive source.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> crystals were grown using the spontaneous crystallization approach. </LI> <LI> The thermal expansion coefficients of CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> crystal were calculated. </LI> <LI> The oxygen vacancies in blue sample was eliminated after annealing. </LI> <LI> The TSL peak intensity increased a dozen of times after thermal annealing. </LI> <LI> The yellow CaMoO<SUB>4</SUB> sample had the best light output excited by γ-rays. </LI> </UL> </P>

Vibration mechanism and improved phenomenological model of the planetary gearbox with broken ring gear fault

Yingchao Luo,Lingli Cui,Jianyu Zhang,Jianfeng Ma 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.5

Accurate modeling of the vibration signal model of planetary gearboxes is essential for the subsequent fault diagnosis. According to the existing improved phenomenological model based on the meshing vibration, this paper conducts further investigations on the vibration mechanism of the gearbox. The time delay phenomenon of faulty ring gear tooth participating in meshing is theoretically analyzed, and the assisted phases for experimental verification are proposed and deduced. Based on the improved model, the vibration signal under the fault condition is simulated and compared with the results of traditional methods. Subsequently, the paper proposes to divide and reconstruct this signal and use the maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) to enhance its impact characteristics. The results show that the phase between the fault impact and its adjacent meshing impact is consistent with the proposed assisted phase. Finally, the correctness of the vibration mechanism and the improved phenomenological model are verified experimentally.

A Coaxial and Off-axial Integrated Three-mirror Optical System with High Resolution and Large Field of View

Zhe Chen,Junqing Zhu,Jiantao Peng,Xingxiang Zhang,Jianyue Ren 한국광학회 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.1

A novel optical design for high resolution, large field of view (FOV) and multispectral remote sensingis presented. An f/7.3 Korsch and two f/17.9 Cook three-mirror optical systems are integrated by sharingthe primary and secondary mirrors, bias of the FOV, decentering of the apertures and reasonable structurearrangement. The aperture stop of the Korsch system is located on the primary mirror, while those ofthe Cook systems are on the exit pupils. High resolution image with spectral coverage from visible tonear-infrared (NIR) can be acquired through the Korsch system with a focal length of 14 m, whilewide-field imaging is accomplished by the two Cook systems whose focal lengths are both 13.24 m. The full FOV is 4°×0.13°, a coverage width of 34.9 km at the altitude of 500 km can then be acquiredby push-broom imaging. To facilitate controlling the stray light, the intermediate images and the real exitpupils are spatially available. After optimization, a near diffraction-limited performance and a compactoptical package are achieved. The sharing of the on-axis primary and secondary mirrors reduces the costof fabrication, test, and manufacture effectively. Besides, the two tertiary mirrors of the Cook systemspossess the same parameters, further cutting down the cost.

Enhancement and Mechanism of Transdermal Absorption of Terpene-Induced Propranolol Hydrochloride

Ying Cui,Lingzhi Li,Li Zhang,Jianyu Li,Jun Gu,Haiying Gong,Peng Guo,Wei Tong 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.9

For the purpose of efficient and safe transdermal administration of propranolol hydrochloride (PHCl), effects of (+)-borneol, (+)-camphor, and α-bisabolol (5 w/v%) in 66.6% ethanol solution on transdermal permeation across rat skin in vitro and their enhancement mechanism was investigated with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and PHCl-stratum corneum binding studies. Each of (+)-borneol, (+)-camphor, and α-bisabolol significantly increased the transdermal flux of PHCl through rat skin in comparison to the control. The enhancement mechanism of the terpenes is involved with disruption of the lipid bilayer and increase of PHCl partitioning coefficient to the stratum corneum. As for α-bisabolol, the protect effect of skin from dehydration and an important reason of irritation incident were observed with differential scanning calorimetry for the first time.

Interfacial Reaction in (Mg-37.5Al)/(Mg-6.7Nd) Diffusion Couples

Jiahong Dai,Shijun Shen,Bin Jiang,Jianyue Zhang,Qingshan Yang,Zhongtao Jiang,Hanwu Dong,Fusheng Pan 대한금속·재료학회 2016 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.22 No.1

The solid-state diffusion reaction between Mg-37.5Al and Mg-6.7Nd was studied in the 623-673 K temperature range. A solid-liquid contact method was employed to produce diffusion couples. The Al4Nd, Al11Nd3, Al3Nd and Al2Nd intermetallic compounds form in the diffusion reaction layers of the couples. The formation of intermetallic compounds in the diffusion reaction layers is rationalized using the Miedema model. The local average compositions through the diffusion reaction layer were determined, and used to construct a semi-quantitative diffusion path on the isothermal Mg-Al-Nd ternary phase diagram at 673 K. The growth constants of the entire diffusion reaction layers were determined as 8.91 (±0.94)×10 -14 m 2 /s, 1.39 (±0.15)×10 -13 m 2 /s and 1.93 (±0.38)×10 -13 m 2 /s at 623 K, 648 K and 673 K, respectively. The activation energy Q for the growth of the entire diffusion reaction layers was 54±4.6 kJ/mol.

Integrated Modeling for the Design of Deformable Mirrors Using a Parametric Module Method

Junqing Zhu,Wei Sha,Changzheng Chen,Xingxiang Zhang,Jianyue Ren 한국광학회 2015 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.19 No.5

Active optics is a key technology for future large-aperture space telescopes. In the design of deformablemirrors for space applications, the design parameter trade-off between the number of regularly configuredactuators and the correction capability is essential but rarely analyzed, due to the lack of design legacy. This paper presents a parametric module method for integrated modeling of deformable mirrors withregularly configured actuators. A full design parameter space is explored to evaluate the correctioncapability and the mass of deformable mirrors, using an autoconstructed finite-element parametric modelingmethod that utilizes manual finite-element meshing for complex structures. These results are used to providedesign guidelines for deformable mirrors. The integrated modeling method presented here can be used forfuture applied optics projects

Integrated Optimization Design of Carbon Fiber Composite Framework for Small Lightweight Space Camera

Shuai Yang,Wei Sha,Changzheng Chen,Xingxiang Zhang,Jianyue Ren 한국광학회 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.3

A Carbon Fiber Composite (CFC) framework was designed for a small lightweight space camera. According to the distribution characteristics of each optical element in the optical system, CFC (M40J)was chosen to accomplish the design of the framework. TC4 embedded parts were used to solve the lowaccuracy of the CFC framework interface problem. An integrated optimization method and the optimizationstrategy which combined a genetic global optimization algorithm with a downhill simplex local optimizationalgorithm were adopted to optimize the structure parameters of the framework. After optimization, thetotal weight of the CFC framework and the TC4 embedded parts is 15.6 kg, accounting for only 18.4%that of the camera. The first order frequency of the camera reaches 104.8 Hz. Finally, a mechanicalenvironment test was performed, and the result demonstrates that the first order frequency of the camerais 102 Hz, which is consistent with the simulation result. It further verifies the rationality and correctnessof the optimization result. The integrated optimization method mentioned in this paper can be applied tothe structure design of other space cameras, which can greatly improve the structure design efficiency.