Microsatellite Analysis of Rosa damascena from Pakistan and Iran

Amjad Farooq,Mahnaz Kiani,Muhammad Aslam Khan,Atif Riaz,Asif Ali Khan,Natalie Anderson,David H. Byrne 한국원예학회 2013 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.54 No.2

For the perfume industry, Rosa damascena is the most important species used in the production of rose attar which is made by distilling volatile oils from the petals of flowers. It is also used widely in the manufacture of rose water, as a flavoring agent. Other species like Rosa gallica L., Rosa centifolia L., Rosa × borboniana Desp. and the rose cultivar Gruss an Teplitz also exhibit the fragrance that is sought by perfumeries in the world. The main rose oil producers in the world are Turkey and Bulgaria, and they are obtaining the rose oil almost exclusively from the single clone of R. damascena. In the recent studies a wide genetic diversity for R. damascena has been revealed in Iran, but there was a need to explore and evaluate the R. damascena in the neighboring areas of Iran. Thus the new research project was planned with the objective to evaluate the genetic diversity amongst R. damascena landraces grown in Pakistan and the subsequent comparison with tested germplasm grown in Iran. Further, the study is based on the collection of Damask and selected garden roses from Pakistan, Iran and USA, determining the characterization through microsatellite markers. The SSR markers confirmed the high level of diversity of the Rosa damascena germplasm within Iran and showed that the Pakistani genotypes were similar to those from the Iranian provinces of Isfahan, Kerman and Fars. The garden rose cultivars were distantly related.

An Eco-friendly Route to Prepare Cellulose Based Multifunctional Lyocell Fabrics Using Zinc Oxide and Cellulose Nanofibrils Network

Amjad Farooq,Mohammed Kayes Patoary,Yanjiao Zhao,Shuai Jiang,Meiling Zhang,Lifang Liu 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.5

Inspired by functioned textile materials, in this research a one-step technique is implemented for the preparation ofsuper antibacterial and ultra-voilet (UV) blocking surface properties of lyocell fabrics by a specific amount of zinc oxidenanoparticles (ZnONPs) and various fractions of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). The combination of cellulose nanofibrils andzinc oxide nanoparticles caused a transformation of pristine lyocell fabric into functional fabric by enhancing its mechanical,antibacterial, and ultra-voilet blocking properties. In the first portion of this research cellulose nanofirbils were extracted froma cellulose rich biomass Ficus natalensis barkcloth through chemical treatments and catalytic oxidation of cellulose using2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO) combined with mechanical homogenization. Secondly coating ofcellulose nanofibrils and zinc oxide nanoparticles was done on lyocell fabrics. Based on the morphological analysis, equaldistribution of CNF andf ZnONPs on the lyocell fabrics’ surfaces was tremendously improved leading to a much moreuniform rough structure. However, with the increase of cellulose nanofibrils content, coating was unsmooth and crackes onthe fabric surface were cleared due to accumulation of CNF at higher concentration. Results demonstrated an obviousincrease of mechanical properties of lyocell fabrics with the addition of cellulose nanofibrils till 0.5 wt%. Similarly washingfastness studies showed that the fabric UV blocking properties were stable, whereas antibacterial characteristics of lyocellfabrics were significantly increased after CNF and zinc oxide nanoparticles coating.

Study of an improved and novel venturi scrubber configuration for removal of radioactive gases from NPP containment air during severe accident

Farooq Mujahid,Ahmed Ammar,Qureshi Kamran,Shah Ajmal,Waheed Khalid,Siddique Waseem,Irfan Naseem,Ahmad Masroor,Farooq Amjad 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.9

Owing to the rising concerns about the safety of nuclear power plants (NPP), it is essential to study the venturi scrubber in detail, which is a key component of the filtered containment venting system (FCVS). FCVS alleviates the pressurein containment byfiltering and venting out the contaminated air. Themain objective of this research was to perform a CFD investigation of different configurations of a circular, non-submerged, selfpriming venturi scrubber to estimate and improve the performance in the removal of elemental iodine from the air. For benchmarking, a mass transfer model which is based on two-film theory was selected and validated by experimental data where an alkaline solution was considered as the scrubbing solution. This mass transfer model was modified and implemented on a unique formation of two self-priming venturi scrubbers in series. Euler-Euler method was used for two-phase modeling and the realizable K ε model was used for capturing the turbulence. The obtained results showed a remarkable improvement in the removal of radioactive iodine from the air using a series combination of venturi scrubbers. The removal efficiency was improved at every single data point.

Non-Newtonian Casson pulsatile fluid flow influenced by Lorentz force in a porous channel with multiple constrictions: A numerical study

Amjad Ali,Attia Fatima,Zainab Bukhari,Hamayun Farooq,Zaheer Abbas 한국유변학회 2021 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.33 No.1

In this paper, we investigate non-Newtonian Casson fluid flow with pulsation in a channel having symmetrical constriction bumps on the upper and lower walls. The medium is assumed to be porous, following Darcy’s law. The fluid is modeled as electrically low conducting, and the pulsatile flow is subjected to a transverse magnetic field of uniform strength to study the impact of the resulting Lorentz force. We transform the mathematical model using the vorticity-stream function form for obtaining the solution. We analyze influence of the Hartman, Strouhal, Casson fluid, and porosity parameters on various flow profiles. It is revealed that the region of flow separation in the wake of a constriction bump tends to vanish with increasing the magnetic field parameter as well as Casson fluid parameter. The wall shear stress has higher values at the first constriction bump than that at the second constriction bump on a wall. It is also noticed that wall shear stress decreases with increasing the value of the porosity parameter during the pulsation cycle.

Allergens of <i>Arachis hypogaea</i> and the effect of processing on their detection by ELISA

Iqbal, Amjad,Shah, Farooq,Hamayun, Muhammad,Ahmad, Ayaz,Hussain, Anwar,Waqas, Muhammad,Kang, Sang-Mo,Lee, In-Jung Co-Action Publishing 2016 Food & nutrition research Vol.60 No.-

<P>Food allergies are an emerging public health problem in industrialized areas of the world. They represent a considerable health problem in these areas because of the relatively high number of reported cases. Usually, food allergens are proteins or glycoproteins with a molecular mass ranging from 10 to 70 kDa. Among the food allergies, peanut is accounted to be responsible for more than 50% of the food allergy fatalities. Threshold doses for peanut allergenic reactions have been found to range from as low as 100 µg to 1 g of peanut protein, which equal to 400 µg to 4 g peanut meal. Allergens from peanut are mainly seed storage proteins that are composed of conglutin, vicilin, and glycinin families. Several peanut proteins have been identified to induce allergic reactions, particularly Ara h 1–11. This review is mainly focused on different classes of peanut allergens, the effect of thermal and chemical treatment of peanut allergens on the IgY binding and detectability of these allergens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to provide knowledge for food industry.</P>

Investigation of a Widely Applicable Process for Extracting Carboxyl-rich Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC)

Shuai Jiang,Amjad Farooq,Fuyi Han,Lifang Liu 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.3

Herein, carboxyl-rich cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were obtained through a designed TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) mediated oxidation process without any subsequent mechanical treatment, which was provedto be widely suitable for commonly used cellulosic sources, including fibril-like fibers and lignocellulose biomasses. CNCprepared from the acid-free process showed better dispersion stability, less aggregation, higher aqueous UV transmittanceand crystallinity compared with that from sulfuric acid hydrolysis process. Furthermore, the residuals in the insolubleprecipitate were further conducted ultrasonic treatment and extra CNC was obtained from the oxidized cotton and ramiecellulose while cellulose nanofibril (CNF) was extracted from rice straw and pine powder, attributing to their different nativestructures. The total yields of nanocelluloses (NCs) were up to 63.2-68.3 %, improving the utilization ratio of the rawmaterials. This work provided a widely applicable acid- and mechanic-free route in fabricating CNC with inherent carboxylgroups and described an understanding of the relationship between the native structure of raw materials and their products,which is beneficial for improving the application of NCs.

Study of hydrodynamics and iodine removal by self-priming venturi scrubber

Ahad Jawaria,Rizwan Talha,Farooq Amjad,Waheed Khalid,Ahmad Masroor,Qureshi Kamran Rasheed,Siddique Waseem,Irfan Naseem 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.1

Filtered containment system is a passive safety system that controls the over-pressurization of containment in case of a design-based accidents by venting high pressure gaseous mixture, consisting of air, steam and radioactive particulate and gases like iodine, via a scrubbing system. An indigenous lab scale facility was developed for research on iodine removal by venturi scrubber by simulating the accidental scenario. A mixture of 0.2 % sodium thiosulphate and 0.5 % sodium hydroxide, was used in scrubbing column. A modified mathematical model was presented for iodine removal in venturi scrubber. Improvement in model was made by addition of important parameters like jet penetration length, bubble rise velocity and gas holdup which were not considered previously. Experiments were performed by varying hydrodynamic parameters like liquid level height and gas flow rates to see their effect on removal efficiency of iodine. Gas holdup was also measured for various liquid level heights and gas flowrates. Removal efficiency increased with increase in liquid level height and gas flowrate up to an optimum point beyond that efficiency was decreased. Experimental results of removal efficiency were compared with the predicted results, and they were found to be in good agreement. Maximum removal efficiency of 99.8% was obtained.

Preparation and Investigation of Fe3O4@rGO/CNF Foams for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Mengmeng Li,Qiuyu Xu,Wei Jiang,Amjad Farooq,Yirui Qi,Lifang Liu 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.2

Herein, Fe3O4nanoparticles and graphene oxide (GO) are compounded first, followed by the addition of cellulose nanofiber(CNF) and l-ascorbic acid, to obtain Fe3O4@reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/CNF foams via the freeze-drying method. Theelectrical conductivity and magnetism of as-prepared foams were improved due to the presence of rGO and Fe3O4,whichis suitable for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material. The results exhibit that Fe3O4@rGO/CNF foams allpossess a porous structure, and the optimized foam shows an EMI shielding effectiveness value of ~ 23 dB in the X-band. The good EMI shielding performance of the Fe3O4@rGO/CNF foam originates from the synergy of its composition andstructure. This work could provide a reference for the design and fabrication of novel EMI shielding materials.

Experimental investigation of aerosols removal efficiency through self-priming venturi scrubber

Suhail Ali,Khalid Waheed,Kamran Qureshi,Naseem Irfan,Masroor Ahmed,Waseem Siddique,Amjad Farooq 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.10

Self-priming venturi scrubber is one of the most effective devices used to collect aerosols and soluble gas pollutants from gaseous stream during severe accident in a nuclear power plant. The present study focuses on investigation of dust particle removal efficiency of the venturi scrubber both experimentally and theoretically. Venturi scrubber captures the dust particles in tiny water droplets flowing into it. Inertial impaction is the main mechanism of particles collection in venturi scrubber. The water injected into venturi throat is in the form of jets through multiple holes present at venturi throat. In this study, aerosols removal efficiency of self-priming venturi scrubber was experimentally measured for different operating conditions. Alumina (Al2O3) particles with 0.4-μm diameter and 3950 kg/m3 density were treated as aerosols. Removal efficiency was calculated for different gas flow rates i.e. 3-6 m3/h and liquid flow rates i.e. 0.009–0.025 m3/h. Experimental results depict that aerosols removal efficiency increases with the increase in throat velocity and liquid head. While at lower air flow rate of 3 m3/h, removal efficiency decreases with the increase in liquid head. A theoretical model of venturi scrubber was also employed and experimental results were compared with mathematical model. Experimental results are found to be in good agreement with theoretical results.

Investigation of dust particle removal effi ciency of self-priming venturi scrubber using computational fl uid dynamics

Sarim Ahmed,Hassan Mohsin,Kamran Qureshi,Ajmal Shah,Waseem Siddique,Khalid Waheed,Naseem Irfan,Masroor Ahmad,Amjad Farooq 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.5

A venturi scrubber is an important element of Filtered Containment Venting System (FCVS) for theremoval of aerosols in contaminated air. The present work involves computational fluid dynamics(CFD) study of dust particle removal efficiency of a venturi scrubber operating in self-priming mode usingANSYS CFX. Titanium oxide (TiO2) particles having sizes of 1 micron have been taken as dust particles. CFD methodology to simulate the venturi scrubber has been first developed. The cascade atomizationand breakup (CAB) model has been used to predict deformation of water droplets, whereas the EulerianeLagrangian approach has been used to handle multiphase flow involving air, dust, and water. Thedeveloped methodology has been applied to simulate venturi scrubber geometry taken from the literature. Dust particle removal efficiency has been calculated for forced feed operation of venturi scrubberand found to be in good agreement with the results available in the literature. In the second part, venturiscrubber along with a tank has been modeled in CFX, and transient simulations have been performed tostudy self-priming phenomenon. Self-priming has been observed by plotting the velocity vector fields ofwater. Suction of water in the venturi scrubber occurred due to the difference between static pressure inthe venturi scrubber and the hydrostatic pressure of water inside the tank. Dust particle removal efficiencyhas been calculated for inlet air velocities of 1 m/s and 3 m/s. It has been observed that removalefficiency is higher in case of higher inlet air velocity.