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Anti-inflammatory effects of Nelumbo leaf extracts and identification of their metabolites
Eunkyo Park,Gyoung Deuck Kim,Min-Sun Go,Dodan Kwon,In-Kyung Jung,Joong Hyuck Auh,Jung-Hyun Kim 대한지역사회영양학회 2017 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.11 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Nelumbo leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat bleeding, gastritis, hemorrhoids, and halitosis. However, their mechanisms have not been elucidated. MATERIALS/METHODS: The present study prepared two Nelumbo leaf extracts (NLEs) using water or 50% ethanol. Inflammatory response was induced with LPS treatment, and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) productions were assessed. To determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of NLEs, we measured nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. Major metabolites of NLEs were also analyzed and quantified. RESULTS: NLEs effectively reduced the expression and productions of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE₂ and NO. NLEs also reduced NF-κB activity by inhibiting inhibitor of NF-κB phosphorylation. Both extracts contained catechin and quercetin, bioactive compounds of NLEs. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we showed that NLEs could be used to inhibit NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. In addition, our data support the idea that NLEs can ameliorate disease conditions involving chronic inflammation.
Kim, Sujung,Kim, Eunah,Lee, Yeon Ui,Ko, Eunkyo,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Wu, Jeong Weon,Kim, Dong-Wook Springer US 2017 Nanoscale research letters Vol.12 No.1
<P>We investigated the influence of metal coating on the optical characteristics of Si nanopillar (NP) arrays with and without thin metal layers coated on the sample surface. The reflection dips of the metal-coated arrays were much broader and more pronounced than those of the bare arrays. The coated metal layers consisted of two parts—the metal disks on the Si NP top and the holey metal backreflectors on the Si substrate. The Mie-like geometrical resonance in the NPs, the localized surface plasmons in the metal disks, and the propagation of surface plasmon polariton along the backreflector/substrate interface could contribute to the reflection spectra. Finite-difference time-domain simulation results showed that the interplay of the plasmonic effects and the geometric resonance gave rise to significantly enhanced light confinement and consequent local absorption in the metal-Si hybrid nanostructures.</P>
Optimized transmission power control of interrogators for collision arbitration in UHF RFID systems
Joongheon Kim,Wonjun Lee,Eunkyo Kim,Dongshin Kim,Kyoungwon Suh IEEE 2007 IEEE communications letters Vol.11 No.1
<P>The emergence of UHF RFID as one of the dominant technology trends has posed numerous unique challenges to researchers. This letter presents a novel, theoretically-grounded collision arbitration protocol, called TPC-CA, which optimally controls transmission power of RFID interrogators and thereby reducing redundant interrogator collisions</P>