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Kim, Eunjong,Lee, Dong-Hyun,Won, Seunggun,Ahn, Heekwon Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.5
Moisture content influences physiological characteristics of microbes and physical structure of solid matrices during composting of animal manure. If moisture content is maintained at a proper level, aerobic microorganisms show more active oxygen consumption during composting due to increased microbial activity. In this study, optimum moisture levels for composting of two bedding materials (sawdust, rice hull) and two different mixtures of bedding and beef manure (BS, Beef cattle manure+sawdust; BR, Beef cattle manure+rice hull) were determined based on oxygen uptake rate measured by a pressure sensor method. A broad range of oxygen uptake rates (0.3 to 33.3 mg $O_2/g$ VS d) were monitored as a function of moisture level and composting feedstock type. The maximum oxygen consumption of each material was observed near the saturated condition, which ranged from 75% to 98% of water holding capacity. The optimum moisture content of BS and BR were 70% and 57% on a wet basis, respectively. Although BS's optimum moisture content was near saturated state, its free air space kept a favorable level (above 30%) for aerobic composting due to the sawdust's coarse particle size and bulking effect.
Tae-Kyun Kim,Seung-Jai Choi,Jang-Ho Jay Kim,Yong-Sik Chu,Eunjong Yu 한국콘크리트학회 2017 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.11 No.4
Recently, extreme climate change has been occurring globally not only in the simple form of temperature increases but also in a wide range of extreme climatic events, such as abnormal drought conditions and frequent typhoons. Among these various events, the greatest problem is found in global warming. The earth‘s temperature has risen since the period of rapid industrial growth in the 1970s, and global warming occurs at the local level of regions and cities as well as the national level. The greenhouse gases that influence global warming include various types of chemical components, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and methane (CH₄). In addition, climate change is extending the construction period of concrete structures. Whereby increasing related economic losses. Pushing through construction projects without considering climate change is leading to concrete quality deterioration, causing poor constructions and consequently resulting in humans casualties and property damage. In particular, atmospheric CO₂ generates calcium carbonate by reacting with concrete hydration products. This result is reinforcing bar corrosion and concrete durability reduction due to lowered alkalinity. Therefore, in this study, concrete durability performance with respect to carbonation resistance from curing conditions change due to wind speed and sunlight exposure time is evaluated. Based on concrete carbonation resistance data obtained using curing conditions of various wind speed and sunlight exposure time, performance based evaluation (PBE) is performed using the satisfaction curve (SC) developed from the carbonation resistance test results. Using the developed PBE of concrete performance, future concrete performance is predicted based on future climate scenario. Also, the concrete mix design solutions to the concrete performance degradation due to climate change effect is proposed.
김승범(Seungbum Kim),송근웅(Keunwoong Song),최희주(Heeju Choi),김은종(Eunjong Kim),박병관(Byungkwan Park) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.11
The helicopter rotor system generates lift, thrust, maneuvering force and moment to the helicopter with the torque and pitch control force transferred from the main rotor hub/control. And the tail rotor system generates the thrust for yaw axis control of the helicopter with the torque and pitch control force transferred from the tail rotor hub/control. Ground whirl test shall be performed to verify the compliance of requirement performance test and dynamic test of rotor blade and hub/control. This paper describes a design of whirl tower test facility for helicopter rotor system test and evaluation. Design results are summarized and compared with design requirements.
온습도지수 및 암모니아 농도가 계절별 육계 생산성에 미치는 영향
김대훈 ( Daehun Kim ),이승훈 ( Seunghun Lee ),김은종 ( Eunjong Kim ),이명성 ( Myeongseong Lee ),위지수 ( Jisoo Wi ),안희권 ( Heekwon Ahn ) 한국농업기계학회 2019 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.1
본 연구는 강제환기가 적용되는 육계사를 대상으로 계절별 온습도 지수 및 암모니아 농도에 따른 육계의 생산성을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에서 선정한 육계농가는 120m(L)*15m(W) 크기의 무창계사로 Cobb broiler 4만수(사육밀도 약 38.5kg/m2)를 사육하고 있었다. 육계사내 온도 조절 목적으로 터널 배기팬(지름 1m) 14개와 2개의 측면배기팬를 가동하고 있었으며, 환기수준을 자동으로 제어하는 방식을 적용하고 있었다. 사료는 사양단계에 따라 초기(0~7일), 전기(8~23일), 후기(24~34일)를 구분하여 급여하였으며, 물은 자동급수장치를 통해 자율적으로 음수가 가능하게 하였다. 육계사내 암모니아 농도와 온·습도는 실험실에서 자체개발한 실시간 악취모니터링 시스템을 이용하여 입구를 기준으로 30m, 60m, 90m, 117m 떨어진 위치에서 바닥의 1m 상층 지점에서 측정하였다. 연구결과 온·습도지수는 계절별로 여름 80, 가을 76, 겨울 77로 문헌에 보고된 적정 온습도지수(60~70)보다 다소 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 암모니아 농도는 여름 15ppm, 가을 20ppm, 겨울 26ppm으로 환기량이 낮은 겨울에서 가장 높은 결과를 보였으며(p<0.05), 특히 사육후기 단계에 높은 농도를 보였다. 폐사율은 겨울(4.22%), 가을(3.43%), 여름(2.98%)순으로 암모니아 농도가 높을수록 폐사율도 높은 경향을 보였다. 사료효율은 가을이 63%로 여름, 겨울철에 비해 높은 결과를 보였으나, 암모니아 농도에는 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다.
저층 조적채움벽 철근콘크리트 골조의 내진보강 전후 동특성 변화
유은종,김민재,김승남,김지영,최기선,Yu, Eunjong,Kim, Min-Jae,Kim, Seung-Nam,Kim, Ji-Young,Choi, Ki-Sun 한국전산구조공학회 2015 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.28 No.3
In this study, a series of forced vibration testing and ambient vibration measurement were performed at a lowrise masonry-infilled reinforced concrete frame structure before and after seismic retrofit and its dynamic properties were extracted using system identification techniques. Also, analytical models which show similar dynamic properties to the measures ones were constructed. The system identification results showed that damping ratios in x direction along which the dampers were installed has been increased. From the comparison between the analytical models, the effective stiffness of post-installed member and post-reinforced members(shear walls and damper frames) were only 50% of gross sectional stiffness of the members, which indicates that the these members were not fully integrated with the existing structure or members. In addition, support condition of post-installed footing has to be pinned in y direction to match the dynamic properties, which is seemingly caused by the change of fixity of the soil due to the installation of new footing. 본 연구에서는 저층 조적채움벽 철근콘크리트 골조 구조물의 내진보강 전과 후에 대하여 강제 진동 실험과 상시 진동 계측을 수행하였으며 시스템 식별과정을 통하여 구조물의 동특성을 구하고 해당 구조물과 유사한 동특성을 보이는 해석 모델을 만들었다. 시스템 식별 결과 댐퍼가 설치된 x방향의 감쇠비가 증가되었으며, 해석 모델과 비교한 결과 추가 설치된 부재들(전단벽과 댐퍼)의 유효 강성은 부재의 총단면 강성의 50%만이 발현되어 해당 부재들이 기존의 구조물이나 부재와 완전히 일체화되지는 않음을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 추가 설치된 기초의 y방향 구속조건을 핀으로 하여야 동특성을 일치시킬 수 있었는데, 이는 새로운 기초가 설치되며 해당 지질의 특성이 변화되었기 때문으로 보인다.
Bioinspired piezoelectric nanogenerators based on vertically aligned phage nanopillars
Shin, Dong-Myeong,Han, Hye Ji,Kim, Won-Geun,Kim, Eunjong,Kim, Chuntae,Hong, Suck Won,Kim, Hyung Kook,Oh, Jin-Woo,Hwang, Yoon-Hwae The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.8 No.11
<P>Bioinspired nanogenerators based on vertically aligned phage nanopillars are inceptively demonstrated. Vertically aligned phage nanopillars enable not only a high piezoelectric response but also a tuneable piezoelectricity. Piezoelectricity is also modulated by tuning of the protein's dipoles in each phage. The sufficient electrical power from phage nanopillars thus holds promise for the development of self-powered implantable and wearable electronics.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Bioinspired piezoelectric nanogenerators based on phage nanopillars are inceptively demonstrated, and the electrical power from phage nanopillars holds promise for the development of implantable and wearable electronics. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5ee02611c'> </P>