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Generation of bacterial blight resistance rice with OsNAC58-overexpressing
Eun-Shil Kwak,Ga-Hee Park,Duk-Ju Hwang,Il-Pyung Ahn,Shin-Chul Bae,Beom-Ki Kim,Sangryeol Park 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
Plant specific gene family, NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factors have been characterized for their roles in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. In this study, we isolated OsNAC58 gene from rice and analysed expression level by inoculation of bacterial leaf blight pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). NAC transcription factor family can be divided into five groups (I–V). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, OsNAC58 was fall into group III. 35S::OsNAC58-GFP fusion protein was localized on the nuclei. To investigate its biological function in the rice, we constructed vector for overexpression in rice, and then generated transgenic rices. Gene expression of OsNAC58-overexpressed transgenic rice lines were analyzed by northern blot. Analysis of disease resistance to pathogen Xoo, twelve OsNAC58-overexpressed transgenic rice lines showing high expression level of OsNAC58 were shown more resistant than wild type. These results suggest that OsNAC58 gene may play regulatory role during pathogen infection.
Charactrization of OsNAC69 gene related to bacterial leaf blight resistance
Eun-Shil Kwak,Eun-Mi Cha,Duk-Ju Hwang,Il-Pyung Ahn,Shin-Chul Bae,SangRyeol Park 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07
Plant specific gene family, NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factors have been characterized for their roles in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. In this study, we isolated OsNAC69 gene and analysed expression level by inoculation of bacterial leaf blight pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). NAC transcription factor family can be divided into five groups (I–V). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, OsNAC69 was fall into group II. OsNAC69 was strongly induced 1 hr after infected with Xoo. To investigate its biological function in the rice, we constructed vector for overexpression in rice, and then generated transgenic rices. Gene expression of OsNAC69-overexpressed transgenic rice lines were analyzed by northern blot. Analysis of disease resistance to pathogen Xoo, nine OsNAC69-overexpressed transgenic rice lines showing high expression level of OsNAC69 were shown more resistant than wild type. These results suggest that OsNAC69 gene may play regulatory role during pathogen infection.
발효숙성마늘 페이스트의 양을 달리하여 제조한 발효숙성마늘 양갱의 품질특성 및 항산화성
곽은실,김혜란,이근종,김미리,Kwak, Eun-Shil,Kim, Hye-Ran,Lee, Kun-Jong,Kim, Mee-Ree 한국식품조리과학회 2009 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.25 No.6
The quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of Yanggeng prepared with different amounts of fermented and aged garlic paste(0, 10, 20 or 30%) were determined. The pH of fermented and aged garlic Yanggeng decreased according to the amount of added fermented and aged garlic paste, whereas the acidity increased. In addition, the lightness of fermented and aged garlic Yanggeng decreased according to the amount of added fermented and aged garlic paste. In the texture analysis, hardness, cohesiveness and springiness of fermented and aged garlic Yanggeng were lower than those of the control. Total phenol content was highest in 30 % fermented and aged garlic Yanggeng. The antioxidant activities of fermented and aged garlic Yanggeng increased according to the amount of added fermented and aged garlic paste. The IC50 value of 30% fermented and aged garlic Yanggeng was 45.1 mg/g for DPPH and 29.6 mg/g for hydroxyl radical. The results of the sensory test showed that Yanggeng with 20% fermented and aged garlic paste had the highest score in appearance, overall preference and texture. Based on these results, it was suggested that the addition of 20% fermented and aged garlic to Yanggeng was appropriate for good food qualities both in terms of the physicochemical and antioxidative activities.
서울市內 一部 低所得層 幼兒園 어린이의 食生活環境要因에 따른 食習慣 및 營養實態 調査
牟壽美,李種賢,玄泰善,禹美卿,郭忠實,李恩和,朴英肅 대한보건협회 1985 대한보건연구 Vol.11 No.1
A survey of preschool childhood nutrition focused on food habits, nutritional behaviours, growth pattern and hematologic findings regarding the family and dietary environment, was conducted between September 3 and October 15, 1983, among 78 childrens, aged 5 to 6 years old, of the Bong Cheon day care center, located in the upland, overpopulated, poor area of the city of Seoul. An average monthly family income, ranged ₩108,000 to ₩238,000; 33.3% of the households belonged to the poverty. On the average, 73% of the children had been breast-fed; 11% had been bottle-fed; and 16% had been combination-fed before the introduction of supplementary foods. Only 14% of the subjects began to be fed supplementary food before the age of 6 months. Ninety eight percent of the mothers were entirely or partially ignorant regarding the "five basic food group" which is most important fact on food and nutrition guidance. Frequency of having meals with mother per week except Sunday was 80.7% for breakfast, 51.5% for lunch; and 75.5% for evening meal. Twenty five percent of the subjects skipped or had inadequate breakfast.
Jeung Hee Lee,Chan Wook Son,Mi Yeon Kim,Min Hee Kim,Hye Ran Kim,Eun Shil Kwak,Sena Kim,Mee Ree Kim 한국영양학회 2009 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.3 No.2
The effect of diet supplemented with red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaf on antioxidant status of plasma and tissue was investigated in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were randomly divided into two groups after one-week acclimation, and fed a high fat (20%) and high cholesterol (1%) diet without (control group) or with 8% freeze-dried red beet leaf (RBL group) for 4 weeks. In RBL mice, lipid peroxidation determined as 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS value) was significantly reduced in the plasma and selected organs (liver, heart, and kidney). Levels of antioxidants (glutathione and β-carotene) and the activities of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase) in plasma and liver were considerably increased, suggesting that antioxidant defenses were improved by RBL diet. Comet parameters such as tail DNA (%), tail extent moment, olive tail moment and tail length were significantly reduced by 25.1%, 49.4%, 35.4%, and 23.7%, respectively, in plasma lymphocyte DNA of RBL mice compared with control mice, and indicated the increased resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage. In addition, the RBL diet controlled body weight together with a significant reduction of fat pad (retroperitoneal, epididymal, inguinal fat, and total fat). Therefore, the present study suggested that the supplementation of 8% red beet leaf in high fat high cholesterol diet could prevent lipid peroxidation and improve antioxidant defense system in the plasma and tissue of C57BL/6J mice.
Lee, Jeung-Hee,Son, Chan-Wook,Kim, Mi-Yeon,Kim, Min-Hee,Kim, Hye-Ran,Kwak, Eun-Shil,Kim, Se-Na,Kim, Mee-Ree The Korean Nutrition Society 2009 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.2 No.1
The effect of diet supplemented with red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaf on antioxidant status of plasma and tissue was investigated in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were randomly divided into two groups after one-week acclimation, and fed a high fat (20%) and high cholesterol (1%) diet without (control group) or with 8% freeze-dried red beet leaf (RBL group) for 4 weeks. In RBL mice, lipid peroxidation determined as 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS value) was significantly reduced in the plasma and selected organs (liver, heart, and kidney). Levels of antioxidants (glutathione and $\beta$-carotene) and the activities of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase) in plasma and liver were considerably increased, suggesting that antioxidant defenses were improved by RBL diet. Comet parameters such as tail DNA (%), tail extent moment, olive tail moment and tail length were significantly reduced by 25.1%, 49.4%, 35.4%, and 23.7%, respectively, in plasma lymphocyte DNA of RBL mice compared with control mice, and indicated the increased resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage. In addition, the RBL diet controlled body weight together with a significant reduction of fat pad (retroperitoneal, epididymal, inguinal fat, and total fat). Therefore, the present study suggested that the supplementation of 8% red beet leaf in high fat high cholesterol diet could prevent lipid peroxidation and improve antioxidant defense system in the plasma and tissue of C57BL/6J mice.
식물추출물 항산화효능 기전의 일부로서의 활성산소 발생 억제 효과
송선범(Seon Beom Song),정구준(Gu June Chung),정희진(Hee Jin Jung),장정윤(Jung Yoon Jang),정해영(Hae Young Chung),김남득(Nam Deuk Kim),이지현(Ji-Hyeon Lee),민경진(Kyungjin Min),박순영(Sun Yeong Park),곽충실(Chung Shil Kwak),황은성(Eun 한국식품과학회 2021 한국식품과학회지 Vol.53 No.6
세포 내에서의 활성산소(ROS) 생성을 억제하는 일은 항산화제의 작동방식으로 기존에 알려진 ROS의 화학적 소거보다 조직의 산화적 손상을 줄이는 방법으로서 효과가 뛰어날 것으로 기대되지만, 이러한 전략은 지금까지의 연구들에서 거의 검토되지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 항산화 효능이 알려진 식물시료들이 실제로 세포에서 ROS 생성을 제어하여 항산화 효과를 발휘하는지를 쇠뜨기, 가죽나무잎, 달맞이순, 그리고 토마토의 에탄올 추출물을 가지고 조사하였다. 이 네 가지 식물 시료들은 모두 비슷하게 세포내 ROS의 수준을 감소시켰다. 그러나, 가죽나무잎, 달맞이순, 그리고 토마토 시료들만이 미토콘드리아 질을 개선하여 미토콘드리아로부터의 ROS 생성을 감소시켰는데, 이들은 또한 세포와 조직내 lipofuscin과 malondialdehyde의 축적을 줄여서 뚜렷한 산화적 손상을 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 이들은 나아가서 초파리의 수명을 연장시키는 효과도 보였다. 미토콘드리아 질 향상 효과가 거의 없었던 쇠뜨기 시료는 산화적 손상물과 초파리 수명에 거의 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 이러한 결과는 식물 시료들의 항산화 효과가 ROS의 화학적 소거와 미토콘드리아 질의 향상을 통해 발현될 수 있는데, 후자의 효과가 실제로 체내에서 산화적 손상을 억제하는데 중요하게 작용할 가능성을 시사해 준다. 향후, 식물시료들의 항산화 효능에 대해서 이러한 ROS 발생억제 기전을 대상으로 조사하는 일은 그 유용성을 판단하는데 있어서 큰 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. Chemical scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered a major mechanism of antioxidant effects, but preventing ROS generation can be more efficient in attenuating oxidative damage. In this study, the extracts of plants, Solanum lycopersicum, Ailanthus altissima, Equisetum arvense, and Oenothera biennis, were tested to determine whether their antioxidative effects are driven by the prevention of superoxide generation from mitochondria, a major ROS generator. While all the extracts efficiently attenuated the elevation of ROS levels in human fibroblasts and inflammation-induced mice, those of S. lycopersicum, A. altissima, and O. laciniata only suppressed mitochondrial ROS generation and reduced levels of lipofuscin and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, the extracts of A. altissima and O. laciniata extended the lifespan of fruit flies. Our results suggest that plant extracts with anti-oxidative effects differ in their ability to prevent ROS generation, which may be associated with the attenuation of oxidative damage in cells and animal tissues.