Immune Defense of Rats Immunized with Fennel Honey, Propolis, and Bee Venom Against Induced Staphylococcal Infection

Sayed, S.M.,El-Ella, Ghada A. Abou,Wahba, Nahed M.,Nisr, Neveen A. El,Raddad, Khaled,Rahman, M.F. Abd El,Hafeez, M.M. Abd El,Aamer, Ahmed Abd El Fattah The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potency of bee product-immunized rats to overcome an induced Staphylococcus aureus infection. Forty rats were divided to eight groups: T1, T3, and T5 received, respectively, fennel honey, ethanol, and aqueous propolis extracts orally, and T2, T4, and T6 were administered the respective materials intraperitoneally; T7 received bee venom by the bee sting technique; and T8 was the control group. All groups were challenged by a bovine clinical mastitis isolate of S. aureus. Each rat received 2mL of broth inoculated with $1{\times}10^5$ colony-forming units/mL intraperitoneally. Two weeks post-induced infection all rats were sacrificed and eviscerated for postmortem inspection and histopathological study. Three rats from T8 and one rat from T7 died before sacrifice. Another two rats, one each in T4 and T5, had morbidity manifestations. The remaining experimental animals showed apparently healthy conditions until time of sacrifice. Postmortem inspection revealed that all T8 rats showed different degrees of skeletal muscle and internal organ paleness with scattered focal pus nodules mainly on lungs and livers. All rats of the treated groups showed normal postmortem features except three rats. A dead rat in group T7 showed focal pus nodules on the lung surface only, whereas the affected two rats in groups T4 and T5 appeared normal except with some pus nodules, but much smaller than in the control, scattered on the hepatic surface and mesentery. Histopathological studies revealed that T8 rats had typical suppurative bronchopneumonia and or severe degenerative and necrobiotic changes in hepatic tissues. Three affected rats of the treated groups showed slight bronchopneumonia or degenerative hepatic changes only. The other animals of the treated groups showed completely normal parenchymatous organs with stimulated lymphatic tissues. It was concluded that all tested previously bee product-immunized rats could significantly challenge the induced S. aureus infection (P < .01). The effects were more pronounced in rats that had received fennel honey solution.

Value of Nutritional Screening Tools Versus Anthropometric Measurements in Evaluating Nutritional Status of Children in a Low/Middle-Income Country

Shaimaa Sayed,Mortada H. F. El-Shabrawi,Eman Abdelmonaem,Nehal El Koofy,Sara Tarek 대한소아소화기영양학회 2023 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.26 No.4

Purpose: Pediatric patients in low-income countries are at a high risk of malnutrition. Numerous screening tools have been developed to detect the risk of malnutrition, including the Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA), Pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS), Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP), and Screening Tool for Risk of Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids). However, anthropometry remains the main tool for assessing malnutrition. We aimed to identify the value of four nutritional screening tools versus anthropometry for evaluating the nutritional status of children. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,000 children aged 1–12 years who visited the outpatient clinic of Cairo University Pediatric Hospital. Each participant was evaluated using anthropometric measurements (weight, length/height, and weight for length/height) as well as the PYMS, STAMP, STRONGkids, and SGNA screening tools. The sensitivities and specificities of these four tools were assessed using anthropometry as the gold standard. Results: Of the patients, 1.7% were underweight, 10.2% were wasted, and 35% were stunted. STRONGkids demonstrated the highest sensitivity (79.4%) and a high specificity (80.2%) for detecting malnutrition compared with weight for height, followed by STAMP, which demonstrated lower sensitivity (73.5%) but higher specificity (81.4%). PYMS demonstrated the lowest sensitivity (66.7%) and the highest specificity (93.5%), whereas SAGA demonstrated higher sensitivity (77.5%) and lower specificity (85.4%) than PYMS. Conclusion: The use of nutritional screening tools to evaluate the nutritional status of children is valuable and recommended as a simple and rapid method for identifying the risk of malnutrition in pediatric patients.

Activation of Glibenclamide-Sensitive ATP-Sensitive K ⁺ Channels During β-Adrenergically Induced Metabolic Stress Produces a Substrate for Atrial Tachyarrhythmia

Kim, Shang-Jin,Zhang, Haifei,Khaliulin, Igor,Choisy, Sté,phanie C.M.,Bond, Richard,Lin, Hua,El Haou, Said,Milnes, James T.,Hancox, Jules C.,Suleiman, M. Saadeh,James, Andrew F. Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2012 Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology Vol.5 No.6

<P>Cardiac ATP-sensitive K(+) channels have been suggested to contribute to the adaptive physiological response to metabolic challenge after β-adrenoceptor stimulation. However, an increased atrial K(+)-conductance might be expected to be proarrhythmic. We investigated the effect of ATP-sensitive K(+) channel blockade on the electrophysiological responses to β-adrenoceptor-induced metabolic challenge in intact atria.</P>

Can bone marrow aspirate improve mandibular fracture repair in camels (Camelus dromedarius)? A preliminary study

Fahd Al-Sobayil,Madeh A. Sadan,El-Sayed El-Shafaey,Ahmed F. Ahmed 대한수의학회 2020 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.21 No.6

Background: Mandibular fractures are common in camels, leading to considerable economic losses. This study explored methods of improving mandibular fractures repair, adjuvant with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Autologous bone marrow (BM) injection enhances osteogenesis and rapid healing. Objectives: To investigate the effect of autologous BM aspirate as an adjuvant treatment for repairing mandibular fractures in camels with interdental wire, or bone plate fixation. Methods: Thirty dromedary camels aged 5–8 years and of both sexes were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: group 1 (n = 10) treated with stainless steel wire fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 2 (n = 10) treated with plate fixation and BM injection at the fracture line, group 3 (n = 5) treated with stainless steel bone wire fixation and placebo saline injection at the fracture line, and group 4 (n = 5) treated with plate fixation and placebo injection at the fracture line. The mandibular fractures were followed weekly for 12 weeks postoperatively to assess improvement and healing based on clinical evaluation, radiographic union scale, and bone turnover markers (i.e., bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline). Results: Compared to other groups, elevated bone turnover markers in group 1 were demonstrated (p < 0.05) on the seventh postoperative day. Likewise, compared to other groups, both clinical findings and radiographic union scale significantly improved (p < 0.05) in group 1 on the 56th postoperative day. Conclusions: BM aspirate has a promising beneficial osteogenic effect on mandibular fracture repair in camels, most notably when combined with interdental wire fixation.

Effects of sintering temperature and graphite addition on the mechanical properties of aluminum

F.H. Latief,El-Sayed M. Sherif 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.6

The effects of different sintering temperatures, namely 400, 500 and 600 8C, on the mechanical properties of four aluminum–graphite alloys were reported. Different percentages of exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets particles (xGnP) were added to pure aluminum by using the powder metallurgy technique to produce Al-0 wt.%xGnP, Al-1 wt.%xGnP, Al-3 wt.%xGnP, and Al-5 wt.%xGnP. The density,fracture surface, compression, and hardness measurements were carried out to report the mechanical properties of the different aluminum–xGnP alloys. Combined data indicated that the Vickers hardness and compressive strength increase, on the other hand, the density decreases with increasing the graphite content in the Al alloys.

Evaluation of Comfort Attributes of Polyester Knitted Fabrics Treated with Sericin

R. F. El-Newashy,S. Mowafi,K. Haggag,M. Abou Taleb,H. El-Sayed 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.9

This work was adopted to study the effect of sericin-containing bath on the different structures of knitted polyesterfabrics to improve some of their comfort attributes. Without appreciable deterioration in its inherent properties, the differentstructures of treated polyester fabric exhibited induced hydrophilicity, enhanced electrical conductivity, improved resistanceto ultraviolet radiation and better water vapour permeability. Five knitted polyester fabrics of different structures weresaponified by sodium hydroxide to create carboxylate ions along their macromolecules, and then treated by sericin withinfreshly discharged bath from degumming of raw natural silk. Treatment of polyester fabrics with sericin was carried out inpresence and absence of glutardialdehyde as a crosslinking agent between polyester and sericin macromolecules. Differentthermo-physiological parameters of comfort; namely thermal conductivity/resistivity, air/water permeability, release ofelectrostatic charges, ultraviolet protection factor, and water vapour transmission of the sericin-treated as well as untreatedknitted fabrics were assessed. The mechanism of interaction between knitted polyester fabric and sericin in presence ofglutardialdehyde was proposed. Scanning electron microscopy was used to ascribe any alteration in the fibre morphology. The change in the fabric crystallinity was investigated using X-ray diffraction pattern. The burst strength, bending stiffnessand yellowing index of the treated fabrics were in the acceptable range.

Obesity may be erythropoietin dose-saving in hemodialysis patients

( Ghada M. El-kannishy ),( Abir F. Megahed ),( Mona M. Tawfik ),( Ghada El-said ),( Rabab T. Zakaria ),( Nahed A. Mohamed ),( Eman M. Taha ),( Alzhraa A. Ammar ),( Abeer M. Abd Eltawab ),( Nagy A. Say 대한신장학회 2018 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.37 No.2

Background: In dialysis patients, the obesity-survival paradox still requires an explanation. Anemia and high doses of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are associated with worse outcomes in the hemodialysis (HD) population. In the present study, we explored the relation between obesity and anemia control in a sample of maintenance HD patients in Egypt. Methods: This multicenter observational study included 733 patients on maintenance HD from 9 hemodialysis centers in Egypt. Clinical and laboratory data as well as average doses of ESAs and parenteral iron were recorded. The erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) was calculated. Results: Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m², was present in 22.6% of the studied population. The target hemoglobin level (10.0-11.5 g/dL) was achieved in 27.3% of non-obese and 25.3% of obese patients, with no significant difference. The median serum ferritin and the values of transferrin saturation index did not differ significantly between these two groups. The weekly ESA dose was significantly lower in obese than in non-obese patients (P = 0.0001). A trend toward higher ESA doses and ERI values was observed in patients with lower BMIs (P < 0.0001). Multiple linear regression revealed that the BMI and urea reduction ratio were the strongest predictors of the ERI. Conclusion: Our study adds more evidence to obesity-associated advantages in HD patients. BMI may determine ESA response, with better responses observed in patients with higher BMIs.

Immune Defense of Rats Immunized with Fennel Honey, Propolis, and Bee Venom Against Induced Staphylococcal Infection

S.M. Sayed,Ghada A. Abou El-Ella,Nahed M. Wahba,Neveen A. El Nisr,Khaled Raddad,M.F. Abd El Rahman,M.M. Abd El Hafeez,Ahmed Abd El Fattah Aamer 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potency of bee product-immunized rats to overcome an induced Staphylococcus aureus infection. Forty rats were divided to eight groups: T1, T3, and T5 received, respectively, fennel honey, ethanol, and aqueous propolis extracts orally, and T2, T4, and T6 were administered the respective materials intraperitoneally; T7 received bee venom by the bee sting technique; and T8 was the control group. All groups were challenged by a bovine clinical mastitis isolate of S. aureus. Each rat received 2mL of broth inoculated with 1×105 colony-forming units/mL intraperitoneally. Two weeks post-induced infection all rats were sacrificed and eviscerated for postmortem inspection and histopathological study. Three rats from T8 and one rat from T7 died before sacrifice. Another two rats, one each in T4 and T5, had morbidity manifestations. The remaining experimental animals showed apparently healthy conditions until time of sacrifice. Postmortem inspection revealed that all T8 rats showed different degrees of skeletal muscle and internal organ paleness with scattered focal pus nodules mainly on lungs and livers. All rats of the treated groups showed normal postmortem features except three rats. A dead rat in group T7 showed focal pus nodules on the lung surface only, whereas the affected two rats in groups T4 and T5 appeared normal except with some pus nodules, but much smaller than in the control, scattered on the hepatic surface and mesentery. Histopathological studies revealed that T8 rats had typical suppurative bronchopneumonia and or severe degenerative and necrobiotic changes in hepatic tissues. Three affected rats of the treated groups showed slight bronchopneumonia or degenerative hepatic changes only. The other animals of the treated groups showed completely normal parenchymatous organs with stimulated lymphatic tissues. It was concluded that all tested previously bee product-immunized rats could significantly challenge the induced S. aureus infection (P<.01). The effects were more pronounced in rats that had received fennel honey solution.

Securing Multimedia Transmission Using Optimized Multiple Huffman Tables Technique

Shaimaa A. El-said,El-said,Khalid F. A. Hussein,Mohamed M. Fouad 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2011 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.4 No.1

Torsional vibration reduction for rolling mill's main drive system via negative velocity feedback under parametric excitation

Y. A. Amer,A. T. EL-Sayed,F. T. El-Bahrawy 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.4

Torsional vibration characteristics are important information for rotating machinery design and control. Jointed shaft is a commonlyused element in drive trains of rolling mill. The torsional vibrations of one- degree -of freedom nonlinear dynamical system are controlledusing active control. The multiple scale perturbation technique used to get the approximate solution of the differential equationdescribes the system. The worst resonance cases were deduced and the frequency response function are obtained. The stability and steadystate response of the system are studied and discussed numerically. The numerical solutions are focused on both the effects of the differentparameters and the system behavior at different resonance cases. To insure the validity of the results, a comparison between the numericaland analytical solution was presented.