여성호르몬 대체요법후 체중변화와 베타3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자형의 연관성에 관한 연구

이기호,김상만,이득주,최희정,한인권 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.12 No.3

연구배경: 폐경 전후에서의 체중 증가와 여성호르몬과의 연관성이 지속적으로 논의되어왔다 교감 신경계는 지방대사를 촉진하여 대사적 열생산을 증가시키는 작용을 가지고 있으므로 이와 관련하여 베타3아드레날린 수용체의 유전자형이 폐경여성에서 여성호르몬 대체요법 이후의 체중증가와 연관이 있는지를 밝히고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 1995년부터 2002년 5월까지 삼성제일병윈 비만클리닉 및 갱년기 클리닉에 방문하여 여성 호르몬 대체요법을 시행 받았으며, 폐경에 관련한 과거력, 여성 호르몬 투여 전후의 체중, 체질량 지수에 대한 자료를 확보할 수 있곤, 베타3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자의 다형성을 분석한 92명을 최종 연구 대상자로 하였다. 결과: 베타3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자 다형성 분포는 Trp64Trp형 39.1%, Trp64Arg형 25.0%,Arg64Arg형 34.8%,로 나타났다 여성호르몬 투여 전 체중의 평균은 61.07±7.06이었으며, 여성 호르몬대체요법 후 체중 변화의 평균은 1.28±3.20 증가로 나타났으나, 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다 β3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자 아형에 따른 체중의 평균 변화는 Trp64Trp형에서 1.86±2.94 증가, Trp64Arg형 0.74±2.97 증가, Arg64Arg형 1,00±3.61 증가로 나타났으나 이들 모두 통계적 유의성은 없었으며, 세 아형간의 변화량도 유의하지 않았다. 결론: 폐경여성에서 여성호르몬 대체요법 후 체중이 증가하였으나 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으며, β3아드레날린 수용체 유전자 아형에 따른 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. Background: The study results to determine the relationship between postmenopausal estrogen use and weight gain have not been consistent. Genetic studies have reported the association of BMI with the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorhism. This study as designed to indentify association of beta3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorhism with weight gain related to HRT in postmenopausal women. Methods: 192 postmenopausal women at a general hospital, Bariatric and climacteric clinic have been collected. Subtypes of beta3 adrenergic receptors were measured and physical, anthropomeric data including body fat and BMI was obtained before and after HRT. Results: Arg/Arg group was 34.8%, Trp/Arg group was 25.0%, Trp/Trp group was 39.1%. Mean weight gain in 192 postmenopausal women was 1.28±3.20 kg and the percent changes in weight gain between initial and final point was 2.32±5.66% but these resulst had no statistical significance (p>0.05). Weight gain(%) were 2.24%(95% C.I 0.35~4.13) in Arg/Arg group, 1.08%(-1.17~3.29) in Trp/Arg group and 3.18%(1.49~4.92) in Trp/Trp, but these results did not show statistical significance(F=1.13, p=0.03). Conclusion: Polymorphism of beta3 adrenergic receptor gene was not associated with weight gain after HRT in postmenopausal women. From these results, we may conclude that polymorhism of beta3 adrenergic receptor may not be the predicting factor to understand the weight gain after HRT in postmenopausal women.

중년여성의 걷기 트레이닝이 심폐기능 및 혈청지질에 미치는 영향

이기철,노순덕,성혜련 부산 외국어 대학교 1999 外大論叢 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of walking training on cardiorespiratory function and serum lipid. Subjects were seven middle aged females. Training program were composed of warming up(10min), cooling down(10min) and treadmill 6km walking(80m/min, 75min) at 4 times a week for 12weeks. Blood were taken in antecubital vein with 15ml pre and post training. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the difference of the pre and post training. The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for study. The results of this study were as follows: 1. %fat was signicantly(p<.01) decreased after 12weeks training. 2. VO₂max(㎖/㎏/min) was signicantly(p<.05) increased after 12weeks training. 3. Heart rate in walking exercise were 123±0.9 beats/min, it was 47±0.11% HRmax. 4. T-C was signicantly(p<.01) decreased, HDL-C were signicantly(p<.05) increased after training.

Na/Si(111)계의 초기 산화과정에 대한 XPS 연구

이득진,안기석,황찬국,장현덕,박종윤 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.1

X-선광 전자분광법을 이용하여 Na의 흡착에 의해 형성되는 Si(111)7×7-Na과 Si(111)3×1-Na 표면의 초기 산화과정에 대하여 연구하였다. Si(111)7×7-Na 표면은 깨끗한 Si(111)7×7 표면에 비하여 산화가 더욱 잘 일어나지만, Si(111)3×1-Na의 경우 산소와 거의 반응하지 않음을 알 수 있다. 또한 Si(111)7×7 표면과는 달리, Si(111)7×7-Na 표면에 1 ML의 Na를 흡착시키고 산소를 100L 노출한 경우 0 ls 내각 스펙트럼에 두 종류의 산소성분이 존재를 함을 알 수 있다. 산소의 노출량이 증가함에 따라 낮은 운동에너지 성분의 세기는 계속 증가를 하지만, 높은 운동에너지 쪽의 성분은 초기에 포화되었다. 이러한 0 ls 내각 스펙트럼의 변화와 Na KLL Auger peak intensity 증가로부터 Si(111) 7×7-Na 표면에 흡착되는 산소는 Si-0-Si, 그리고 Si-0-Na 두가지의 결합형태로 존재함을 예상 할 수 있다. 또한, Si(111)7×7-Na 표면에 주입되는 산소 노출량이 증가함에 따른 Na KLL Auger peak intensity가 증가하는 현상에 대하여 논의하였다. The initial oxidation of Si(111)7×7-Na and Si(111)3×1-Na surfaces have been studied by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). The Si oxidation rate of Si(111)7×7-Na surface was much enhanced more than that of the clean Si(111)7×7, but the Si(111)3×1-Na surface hardly reacted with oxygen. It shows that 0 1s peak of the Si(111)7×7-Na surfaces for 100L O_2 exposure consists of two components, coming from a different oxygen bonding configuration. From the change in intensity of two component of 0 ls and the increase of Na KLL peak intensity with increasing O_2 exposure, it is found that one component originates from Si-0-Si bonding at the lower kinectic energy and the other component comes from the Si-0-Na bonding at higher kinectic energy. Also, we have discussed a possible interpretation for the abnormally increase of Na KLL peak intensity.

中學 科學敎育의 探究學習에 대한 評價問項 開發(Ⅰ)

奇宇恒,權炳奎,朴德圭,이병교,鄭遠佑,金裕漢 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1984 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study is to achieve the individualized inquiring learning which is centered on students by improving the method of the evaluation of the inquiry learning in the science class in a multi-student class. Therefore the author made the table of specification for scientific achievements of the abilities of inquiring by analyzing the abilities of inquiring according to the content of science and five basic experiments of each unit inthe first grade of of middle school, ant then made the paper and pencil and performance test items for the evaluation of the abilities of inquiring. The paper and pencil test was taken after the experimental and observational class, and performance test was taken in the way of the students' self evaluation, peer evaluation and Tester evaluation. The results are as follows: 1) In operation of the inquiry learning by two experiments, performance test items and 13 the paper and pencil test items made for evaluation of the abilities of inquiring could be applied usefully. 2) Correlation coefficient between paper and pencil test and performance test is .362 and it is very low. Therefore it is desirable that performance test be used for the evaluation for the abilities of inquiring which cannot be evaluated by paper and pencil test. 3) In evaluation of the abilities of inquiring by performance test on five basic experiments, it is more desirable that 'the use of microscope' is presented in the way of peer evaluation or peer and Tester evaluation, 'the observation on epidermis of onion cell' in the way of peer evaluation, and self-evaluation. 4) Skill of the abilities of inquiring in experimental and observational class can be evaluated correctly through performance test.

S_nO₂/P_t 薄膜의 가스 感知特性

李聖弼,李德東,孫炳基 경북대학교 공과대학 1987 工大硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

S_nO_2/P_t thin film gas sensors were fabricated and their performance characteristics were measured. The films were deposited by evaporating the S_nO_2 target mixed with 2 wt% P_t. The conductivity of devices showed the temperature dependence and when the sensors exposed to CO gas, the sensitivity was proportional to the order of root square in low concentration range. The optimum operating temperature of the fabricated devices was about 250℃ and the response time to 5000ppm CO gas was about 10 sec.

농촌 Amenity 자원 활성화를 위한 조직리더 육성 방안

유덕기,이상영 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2007 사회과학연구 Vol.14 No.1

마을발전을 위한 정책적 사업 개발은 필수적이다. 그러나 이를 추진하고 주민의 적극적인 참여와 자발적인 발전계획을 수립하고 운영할 수 있는 마을조직정비와 조직리더의 역할은 무엇보다 중요하다. 지역의 특성을 바탕으로 지역 내 산업간 유기적 관련성을 높이며 지역자원의 잠재력을 활성화하고 자원의 최대한 이용을 전제로 한 지역농업으로의 지방자치제의 기능강화와 자율성의 강화에 의한 성공적인 추진사례도 등장하고 있으나 대부분 조직과 리더의 미약으로 효과적인 추진이 어려운 실정이다. 1980년대 중반 이후 이농 및 농촌고령화로 인한 조직파괴와 리더의 감소는 심각한 현상이라고 하겠다. 이러한 농업 농촌의 현실에서 농업, 농촌발전의 핵심적 역할을 담당하는 것으로 그 중요성이 부각되고 있는 지역단위의 마을을 중심으로 잠재된 농촌의 어메니티(amenity)자원을 활성화하고 마을단위의 환경친화적 특화농업을 통하여 지역경쟁력을 강화하고 농가소득향상을 추구하며 그린투어와 연계된 농촌체험마을을 육성, 활성화하기 위하여 제기되고 있는 정책과 필수적으로 요구되고 있는 주민조직의 활성화와 조직리더 육성방안을 강구하고 기초지방자치단체(시/군/읍/면/마을)단위 중심의 지역농업 개발사업(지역농업 클러스터)에도 연계하는 방안을 제시하여 농촌지역과 생명농업발전에 기여하고자 한다. In the development of policies and projects for regional development, consolidating region's organization and organizational leadership that could establish and operate voluntary developmental plans along with active participations by regional people are important. There have been successful cases of regional agricultural products emphasizing regional characteristics by strengthening functions and autonomy of the local government based on the premise of increasing mealable relationship among local industries and maximizing the characteristics of local resources and local resource utilization. However, effective pursuing is difficult due to lack of organization and leadership. Centering around local units with their importance recognized playing the core role in the development of rural areas, other important issues are activating civic organizations essential for local development based on town units and agricultural amenity resources in rural areas by seeking methods of rearing organizational leadership, improving rural incomes by strengthening local competitiveness through environmentally -friendly agricultural products based on local units, and developing and activating farm experience related with green tour. The types of organization and leaders are analyzed by investigating approved cases of farm experience. According to the results of the analysis, we seek the methods of promoting organizations and leaders for promoting farm experiences in villages and methods of constructing support organizations for promoting farm experience centering around local government units (such as city, Kun, Eup, Myun and village).

간헐적 양압호흡기를 이용한 호흡운동치료 후 근 이영양증 환자의 폐기능 변화

김기송,이규완,오덕원 한국전문물리치료학회 1999 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.6 No.3

Ag_2CdI_4 thermistor의 製造 및 그 電氣的 特性

孫炳基,李德東 경북대학교 공과대학 1975 工大硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

The Ag_2CdI_4 thermistors were fabricated by sintering the mixture of AgI and CdI_2, varying the firing temperature and the sintering time. Their resistance versus temperature and current versus applied voltage characteristics were obtained. The optimum sintering temperature-time combination was inbetween 240℃-90 min and 250℃-80 min, fixing the temperature elevating rate of 20℃/min and the cooling rate of 25℃/min. The thermistor constant, temperature coefficient, heat dissipating coefficient, and thermal time constant for the sample fired at 240℃ for 60 minutes were 6.45×10 exp (3)˚K, 7.0%/deg, about 33 mW/deg, and about 7 sec respectively. The high reproducibility at the easy handling temperature and good electical properties of the Ag_2CdI_4 thermistor suggested the mass production.

In Vivo ^31P NMR Spectroscopy를 이용하여 젖산 운동시간과 유산소 운동시간에 따른 골격근 섬유의 고 에너지 인(P) 대사 변화

성기홍,임태환,이대근,문치웅,이정희,김상태,신명진,이덕분 대한스포츠의학회 1994 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Intracellular high energy phosphorus metabolism can be assessed noninvasively and dynamically by in vivo ^31P NMRS of skeletal muscle have shown various applications of this technique in evaluating the pathophysiology of diseased or normal muscles. High energy phosphate metavolsim in the human skeletal muscle was studies in the work. ^31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allowed the evaluate of the lactic acid and aerobic energy system in the intracellular skeletal muscle by energy concentration of ^31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allowed the evaluate of the lactic acid and aerobic energy system in the intracellular skeletal muscle by energy concentration of ^31P metabolite, (Pi), (PCr), (ATP). The ratio of Pi/PCr the spectra measured from normal volanteers and elite athleties indicated a signetifcant difference between the two group for each exercise protocal. It was generally ovserved that the all out time of normal volunteers in shorter that that of elite athletes, and the ration of Pi/PCr is samller for elite athlets than for normal volunteers.

쌀 調理過程 中 麥飯石의 Cd除去 能力에 關한 硏究

陳甲德,裵基哲,李正秀,金英姬 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1989 環境硏究 Vol.9 No.1

It was investigated Cadmium eliminating capacty of Quartz Porphyry(Q.P.) during washing, swelling, and cooking process in rice contaminated artificially. 1. After washing the rice four times with water, the eliminating rate of Cadmium from artificially contaminated sample were 16% in control group, 28% and 42% in 25g/kg and 50g/kg Q.P. treated group, respectively. 2. Swelling of rice in water about 20 minutes didn't change the Cadmium level in Q.P. treated group. 3. Cadmium eliminating efficiency by cooking was significantly increased in Q.P. treated group (43~54%) compared to control group(31%). 4. These results suggest that treatment of rice with Q.P. is very effective to remove the Cadmium contamination in rice.