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장덕진,이승우,이준명,양진우 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.17 No.-
Aliphatic chlorinated compounds, majority of which are chlorinated methanes, ethanes, and ethenes, are mainly used as solvents and degreasing agents in industries. Due to long-term usage of these compounds and its concomitant environmental contamination, many of them are frequently detected pollutants in groundwater and soil. U. S. EPA has designated perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), dichloroethylenes, monochloroethylene (vinyl chloride), carbon tetrachloride (CT), and others as top priority pollutants because of their toxicity/carcinogenecity. Extensive efforts are being made to develope technologies to treat chlorinated aliphatics-contaminated environments. Among them, reductive dechlorination reactions by zero-valent metals appear to be very attractive since the reaction mechanism is extremely simple(Fe0+RX+H+→Fe²++RH+X-; X-; chloride ion)and stable, and energy input is not needed at all for these reactions. In this article, significance of environmental contamination by aliphatic chlorinated compounds, treatability of the contamination using zero-valent metals, mechanisms of reductive dechlorination by metals, and application cases were briefly reviewed.
0가 금속 철을 이용한 Carbon Tetrachloride와 Perchloroethylene의 환원적 탈염소화
이승우,장덕진 명지대학교 대학원 1998 대학원논문집 Vol.2 No.-
Aliphatic chlorinated compounds, majority of which are chlorinated methanes, ethanes, and ethenes, are mainly used as solvents and degreasing agents in industries. Due to long-term usage of these compounds and their concomitant environmental contaminations, many of them are frequently detected pollutants in groundwater and soil. Reduction of chlorinated methanes and ethenes in aqueous solution by iron metal was studied in batch and column systems under anaerobic and middle aerobic conditions. The goal of this work to was gain a fundamental mechanistic understanding of the reaction chemistry and to determine the factors that affect dechlorination rates and long-term performance in groundwater treatment. All experimental evidences were found to support a direct reduction mechanism in which electron transfer from fe^o to the adsorbed chloromethane and chloromethane occurs at the metal/water interface. Other factors that influence dechlorination rates was discussed, including proton-and-anion-promoted dissolution process that remove surface iron oxides yielding new Fe^0 surfaces.
Repeated Batch-Fed Bioevaporation of Food Waste Using Biofilm-Developed Sponge
Yang, Benqin,Jahng, Deokjin Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Drying technology Vol.34 No.1
<P>By aerobically cultivating the fragmented sponge in synthetic wastewater containing activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), biofilm was developed on its surface, and this biofilm-containing sponge was used as a bulking agent and microbial carrier for food waste (FW) bioevaporation. The water of the FW was evaporated by metabolic heat released from the aerobic microbial degradation of the volatile solids (VS) contained in FW. Repeated running of FW bioevaporation for 10 cycles was successful in that 85-96% of the H2O added as FW was removed by consuming 56-71% of the FW VS during the second to tenth cycles. For the first cycle, it was found by microbial community analysis using a pyrosequencing technique that heat production was less than subsequent cycles (second to tenth cycles) because thermophilic microorganisms were not fully developed yet. From the second to tenth cycles, thermophilic bacteria, mostly belonging to the genus Bacillus, accounted for 43-83% of the total population, whereas less than 1% was identified as Bacillus among microorganisms contained in the FW, fresh biofilm, and the feed (mixture of FW and biofilm-developed sponge). B. thermolactics, B. coagulans, and Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis were the major species in the second to tenth cycles of the bioevaporation process. It was also found that the accumulated VS was further degraded by adding water into the bioevaporation reactor. From these results, it was concluded that repeated bioevaporation was possible by using biofilm-developed sponge.</P>
Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b를 이용한 Chloroform과 Methylene chloride의 분해
양진우,장덕진 명지대학교 대학원 1998 대학원논문집 Vol.2 No.-
Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) represent a major class of pollutants due to their widespread distribution in environments and their toxic and/or carcinogenic properties. Among them, Chloroform (CE) and dichloromethane (DCM) are known to be carcinogens in animals and suspected carcinogens in human. Especially CF is resistant to biodegradation in aquifer environments and persists for extended periods of times. In this paper, Methylosinus tichosporium OB3b was used for the treatments of CF and DCM via cometabolic biotransformations. In varying concentrations from 20μM to 80μM, V_max values were calculated as 5.88∼65nmol/(min·mg protein) and 37.1∼65.3nmol/(min·mg protein), respectively, for resting cells, 256∼947 nmol/(min·mg protein) for CF by non-washed cells.