Artificial neural network reconstructs core power distribution

Wenhuai Li,Peng Ding,Wenqing Xia,Shu Chen,Fengwan Yu,Chengjie Duan,Dawei Cui,Chen Chen 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.2

To effectively monitor the variety of distributions of neutron flux, fuel power or temperatures in thereactor core, usually the ex-core and in-core neutron detectors are employed. The thermocouples fortemperature measurement are installed in the coolant inlet or outlet of the respective fuel assemblies. Itis necessary to reconstruct the measurement information of the whole reactor position. However, thereading of different types of detector in the core reflects different aspects of the 3D power distribution. The feasibility of reconstruction the core three-dimension power distribution by using different combinations of in-core, ex-core and thermocouples detectors is analyzed in this paper to synthesize theuseful information of various detectors. A comparison of multilayer perceptron (MLP) network and radialbasis function (RBF) network is performed. RBF results are more extreme precision but also moresensitivity to detector failure and uncertainty, compare to MLP networks. This is because that localizedneural network could offer conservative regression in RBF. Adding random disturbance in trainingdataset is helpful to reduce the influence of detector failure and uncertainty. Some convolution neuralnetworks seem to be helpful to get more accurate results by use more spatial layout information, thoughrelative researches are still under way

Dec2 inhibits macrophage pyroptosis to promote periodontal homeostasis

Dawei He,Xiaoyan Li,Fengzhu Zhang,Chen Wang,Yi Liu,Ujjal K. Bhawal,Jiang Sun 대한치주과학회 2022 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.52 No.1

Purpose: Macrophages play crucial roles as early responders to bacterial pathogens and promote/ or impede chronic inflammation in various tissues. Periodontal macrophageinduced pyroptosis results in physiological and pathological inflammatory responses. The transcription factor Dec2 is involved in regulating immune function and inflammatory processes. To characterize the potential unknown role of Dec2 in the innate immune system, we sought to elucidate the mechanism that may alleviate macrophage pyroptosis in periodontal inflammation. Methods: Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Subsequently, we established an LPS-stimulated Dec2 overexpression cellular model in macrophages. Human chronic periodontitis tissues were employed to evaluate potential changes in inflammatory marker expression and pyroptosis. Finally, the effects of Dec2 deficiency on inflammation and pyroptosis were characterized in a P. gingivalis-treated experimental periodontitis Dec2-knockout mouse model. Results: Macrophages treated with LPS revealed significantly increased messenger RNA expression levels of Dec2 and interleukin (IL)-1β. Dec2 overexpression reduced IL-1β expression in macrophages treated with LPS. Overexpression of Dec2 also repressed the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), and the expression of caspase-11 was concurrently reduced in macrophages treated with LPS. Human chronic periodontitis tissues showed significantly higher gingival inflammation and pyroptosis-related protein expression than non-periodontitis tissues. In vivo, P. gingivalis-challenged mice exhibited a significant augmentation of F4/80, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β. Dec2 deficiency markedly induced GSDMD expression in the periodontal ligament of P. gingivalis-challenged mice. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that Dec2 deficiency exacerbated P. gingivalis LPS-induced periodontal inflammation and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Collectively, our results present novel insights into the molecular functions of macrophage pyroptosis and document an unforeseen role of Dec2 in pyroptosis.

Investigation on millimeter-scale W1/O/W2 compound droplets generation in a co-flowing device with one-step structure

Dawei Pan,Qiang Chen,Yinjuan Zhang,Bo Li 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.84 No.-

Millimeter-scale W1/O/W2 compound droplets generation in a co-flowing microfluidic device with onestepstructure was symmetrically observed through experiments, and the formation process isdistinguished according to the variation law of thread tip velocity. Specially, under a wide range ofoperation conditions, W1/O/W2 compound droplets form accompanying with the generation of oil phasedroplet. The formation ratio of compound droplets to oil phase droplet always depends on the outerphase Capillary number, Caw2, and theflow rate ratio, R, of middle to inner phases, and thus theflowpattern diagram is obtained. Further the influences of all phasesflow rates, outer phase viscosity as wellas the interfacial tension on the formation period and geometric sizes are extensively studied. Finally, aprediction correlation for dimensionless inner and outer diameters with several dimensionless numbersis also obtained. The results could provide an experimental basis for controllably preparing monodispersecompound droplets with millimeter-scale.

Flow patterns of solid in water in oil (S/W/O) compound droplets formation in a microfluidic device with perpendicular shear

Dawei Pan,Qiang Chen,Lan Xu,Can Yang,Meifang Liu,Weixing Huang,Bo Li 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.75 No.-

Theflow patterns and corresponding breakup dynamics of solid in water in oil compound droplets underperpendicular shear force were experimentally investigated in a microfluidic device. Three typicalflowpatterns, namely double-encapsulation, plugs, and cobbles, were found and be quantitativelydistinguished by the capillary number (Cac) of continuous phase and theflow rate ratio (R) ofcontinuous phase to dispersed phase. It is found that, under all offlow regimes, the consecutive entry ofsolid particles leads d1 (the neck thickness along the center of the side channel) varying periodically. Inthe double-encapsulation regime, the neck thickness (d2) between thefirst and second particle increasesas the interface deformation recovers driven by the interfacial tension force, whereas the neck thickness(d3) between the second and third particle decreases to break off because the neck has been stretchedlong to become thin enough. As for the cobbles regime, hydrostatic pressure difference still remainsdominant, but not a shearing force. Specially, different from the W/O droplet formation, it suggests thatvarious breakup dynamics are always caused by a non-free deformation of S/W interface and the largediameter of solid particle. Finally, theflow pattern diagrams dependent on Cac and R are obtained.

Influence of oxygen vacancies on the EPIR effect in Nd0.7Sr0.3MnO3 ceramics

Dawei Shi,Shunsheng Chen,Di Liu,Lingfang Xu,Haibo Xiao,Changping Yang,Kaiying Wang 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.8

Nd0.7Sr0.3MnO3 polycrystalline ceramic samples (NSMO) were synthesized by solid state reaction with a post annealing for parts of samples under different partial pressures of oxygen at 1350 ℃ for 12 h. XRD shows that all the samples are in single phase with a perovskite structure. The electrical transport measurement implies that the oxygen concentration has an important influence on the electrical pulse induced resistance, i.e. the EPIR-effect, for NSMO samples. For the oxygen-enriched sample, which probably contains a smaller amount of oxygen vacancies, the I-V characteristic is linear with a very small resistance, and the EPIR-effect is not detectable within the experimental accuracy. However, after sintered and annealed in reducing atmospheres, an EPIR effect appears and even becomes stronger and more stable if the sintering atmosphere is more reducing than that of normal air condition. Besides, the I -V becomes nonlinear and the initial resistance increases with increasing deficiency of oxygen, which means that the oxygen vacancies and their deep level trap states play an important role for the EPIR effect of NSMO. In this manuscript, an oxygen vacancy trapped state model is put forward to explain the relation between oxygen concentration and the EPIR effect.

Investigation lateral deformation and failure characteristics of strip coal pillar in deep mining

Chen, Shaojie,Qu, Xiao,Yin, Dawei,Liu, Xingquan,Ma, Hongfa,Wang, Huaiyuan Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.14 No.5

In deep mining, the lateral deformation of strip coal pillar appears to be a new characteristic. In order to study the lateral deformation of coal-mass, a monitoring method and monitoring instrument were designed to investigate the lateral deformation of strip coal pillar in Tangkou Coalmine with the mining depth of over 1000 m. Because of without influence of repeated mining, the bedding sandstone roof is easy to break and the angle between maximum horizontal stress and the roadway is small, the maximum lateral deformation is only about 287 mm lower than the other pillars in the same coalmine. In deep mining, the energy accumulation and release cause a discontinuous damage in the heterogeneous coal-mass, and the lateral deformation of coal pillar shows discontinuity, step and mutation characters. These coal-masses not only show a higher plasticity but also the high brittleness at the same time, and its burst tendency is more obvious. According to the monitoring results and theoretical calculations, the yield zone of the coal pillar width is determined as 15.6 m. The monitoring results presented through this study are of great significance to the stability analysis and design of coal pillar.

Dec2 inhibits macrophage pyroptosis to promote periodontal homeostasis

He, Dawei,Li, Xiaoyan,Zhang, Fengzhu,Wang, Chen,Liu, Yi,Bhawal, Ujjal K.,Sun, Jiang Korean Academy of Periodontology 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.-

Purpose: Macrophages play crucial roles as early responders to bacterial pathogens and promote/ or impede chronic inflammation in various tissues. Periodontal macrophage-induced pyroptosis results in physiological and pathological inflammatory responses. The transcription factor Dec2 is involved in regulating immune function and inflammatory processes. To characterize the potential unknown role of Dec2 in the innate immune system, we sought to elucidate the mechanism that may alleviate macrophage pyroptosis in periodontal inflammation. Methods: Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Subsequently, we established an LPS-stimulated Dec2 overexpression cellular model in macrophages. Human chronic periodontitis tissues were employed to evaluate potential changes in inflammatory marker expression and pyroptosis. Finally, the effects of Dec2 deficiency on inflammation and pyroptosis were characterized in a P. gingivalis-treated experimental periodontitis Dec2-knockout mouse model. Results: Macrophages treated with LPS revealed significantly increased messenger RNA expression levels of Dec2 and interleukin (IL)-1β. Dec2 overexpression reduced IL-1β expression in macrophages treated with LPS. Overexpression of Dec2 also repressed the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), and the expression of caspase-11 was concurrently reduced in macrophages treated with LPS. Human chronic periodontitis tissues showed significantly higher gingival inflammation and pyroptosis-related protein expression than non-periodontitis tissues. In vivo, P. gingivalis-challenged mice exhibited a significant augmentation of F4/80, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β. Dec2 deficiency markedly induced GSDMD expression in the periodontal ligament of P. gingivalis-challenged mice. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that Dec2 deficiency exacerbated P. gingivalis LPS-induced periodontal inflammation and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Collectively, our results present novel insights into the molecular functions of macrophage pyroptosis and document an unforeseen role of Dec2 in pyroptosis.

Study of Visual Spatial Perception Performance at Close Range in Underground Coal Mine

Ren Dawei,Liu Yang,Chen Litao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.11

In coal mines the environment is complex, crowded with personnel and equipment, as well as lack of colors. The safety in production is influenced by visual spatial perception is whether or not accurate. The visual spatial perception precision plays a significant even crucial role in positioning. By simulating the environment in coal mines, the positioning experiment about participants’ visual spatial perception performance of different target objects in two models—from far to near and from near to far has been carried out. Experimental results showed that visual spatial perception distance was significantly shorter than target range, that visual spatial perception in deep pink was the poorest. In addition, the H has become appreciable and regular with visual spatial perception changing. The experimental results provided references for setting warning marks, safe distances and choosing colors for infrastructure in coal mines.

Boundary-Aware Dual Attention Guided Liver Segment Segmentation Model

( Xibin Jia ),( Chen Qian ),( Zhenghan Yang ),( Hui Xu ),( Xianjun Han ),( Hao Ren ),( Xinru Wu ),( Boyang Ma ),( Dawei Yang ),( Hong Min ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.1

Accurate liver segment segmentation based on radiological images is indispensable for the preoperative analysis of liver tumor resection surgery. However, most of the existing segmentation methods are not feasible to be used directly for this task due to the challenge of exact edge prediction with some tiny and slender vessels as its clinical segmentation criterion. To address this problem, we propose a novel deep learning based segmentation model, called Boundary-Aware Dual Attention Liver Segment Segmentation Model (BADA). This model can improve the segmentation accuracy of liver segments with enhancing the edges including the vessels serving as segment boundaries. In our model, the dual gated attention is proposed, which composes of a spatial attention module and a semantic attention module. The spatial attention module enhances the weights of key edge regions by concerning about the salient intensity changes, while the semantic attention amplifies the contribution of filters that can extract more discriminative feature information by weighting the significant convolution channels. Simultaneously, we build a dataset of liver segments including 59 clinic cases with dynamically contrast enhanced MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging) of portal vein stage, which annotated by several professional radiologists. Comparing with several state-of-the-art methods and baseline segmentation methods, we achieve the best results on this clinic liver segment segmentation dataset, where Mean Dice, Mean Sensitivity and Mean Positive Predicted Value reach 89.01%, 87.71% and 90.67%, respectively.

Improvement of Anti-CD36 Antibody Detection via Monoclonal Antibody Immobilization of Platelet Antigens Assay by Using Selected Monoclonal Antibodies

Xu Xiuzhang,Chen Dawei,Ye Xin,Xia Wenjie,Shao Yuan,Deng Jing,Chen Yangkai,Ding Haoqiang,Liu Jing,Xu Yaori,Santoso Sentot,Fu Yongshui 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.1

Antibodies against human CD36 are responsible for several immune-mediated disorders. The detection of anti-CD36 antibodies using the standard monoclonal antibody (mAb) immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay is hampered by a high frequency of false-negative results, most likely due to competitive inhibition of the mAb used as the capture antibody. We generated a panel of mouse mAbs against CD36 and seven hybridomas (GZ-3, GZ-13, GZ-70, GZ-143, GZ-413, GZ-507, and GZ-608), which were selected for MAIPA assays, as they reacted with mouse and human CD36. Fourteen anti-CD36 sera were assayed; all of which showed a positive reaction in a PakPlus (Immucor GTI Diagnostics, Inc., Waukesha, WI, USA) ELISA-based screening (optical density: 0.257–2.292). When the reference anti-CD36 mAb FA6-152 was used in the MAIPA assay, only 6/14 (42.9%) sera displayed a positive reaction. In contrast, anti-CD36 antibodies were detected in 13/14 (92.9%) sera when GZ-70 and GZ-608 mAbs were used. This significant improvement resulted in the identification of anti-CD36 antibodies by an antigen capture assay. Since patient’s platelets possibly carrying rare native antigens are used, this method will facilitate the identification of new platelet antibodies against CD36 that are involved in immune-mediated thrombocytopenia and other diseases, such as transfusion-related acute lung injury.