A Closed-Form Robust Chinese Remainder Theorem and Its Performance Analysis

Wenjie Wang,Xiang-Gen Xia IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on signal processing Vol.58 No.11

<P>Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) reconstructs an integer from its multiple remainders that is well-known not robust in the sense that a small error in a remainder may cause a large error in the reconstruction. A robust CRT has been recently proposed when all the moduli have a common factor and the robust CRT is a searching based algorithm and no closed-from is given. In this paper, a closed-form robust CRT is proposed and a necessary and sufficient condition on the remainder errors for the closed-form robust CRT to hold is obtained. Furthermore, its performance analysis is given. It is shown that the reason for the robustness is from the remainder differential process in both searching based and our proposed closed-form robust CRT algorithms, which does no exist in the traditional CRT. We also propose an improved version of the closed-form robust CRT. Finally, we compare the performances of the traditional CRT, the searching based robust CRT and our proposed closed-form robust CRT (and its improved version) algorithms in terms of both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that the proposed closed-form robust CRT (its improved version has the best performance) has the same performance but much simpler form than the searching based robust CRT.</P>

Changes in plant anthocyanin levels in response to abiotic stresses: a meta-analysis

Yan Wenjie,Li Juanjuan,Lin Xinyue,Wang Lina,Yang Xiaoxiao,Xia Xiangyu,Zhang Yuxin,Yang Shaoyu,Li Hongbing,Deng Xiping,Ke Qingbo 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.5

Anthocyanins are small molecule antioxidants that play important roles in plant response and resistance to abiotic stresses. Their levels increase when plants are exposed to abiotic stress. However, the general response patterns and magnitude of anthocyanin increase, and how they confer resistance to abiotic stresses, are difficult to evaluate because of the influence of experimental variables. In this study, changes in plant anthocyanin content under different abiotic stresses and the effect of anthocyanin overproduction on various physiological indicators were investigated through meta-analysis derived from 1039 datasets of 102 studies. Results showed that among the different stress types, heavy metals, especially copper (Cu) and mercury (Hg), induced the most significant synthesis of anthocyanins. Among the different types of drought treatments, mannitol caused anthocyanin content in plants to increase by 2.4-fold, which was more significant than that of polyethylene glycol and natural drought. Furthermore, UV stress led plant anthocyanins to increase 1.3-fold in C4 plants, which was higher than that in C3 plants. In addition, anthocyanins increased the most when the applied stresses were low and moderate, and of short duration. Moreover, plants overexpressing genes encoding MYB transcription factors increased anthocyanin content by 5.8-fold and significantly improved plant stress tolerance. Among the 21 physiological indicators, glutathione and proline levels increased the most in transgenic plants overproducing anthocyanins when exposed to abiotic stress. Taken together, this meta-analysis indicates that anthocyanins enhance stress tolerance by improving the antioxidant, metal-chelating, and osmoregulatory abilities of the plant. The results presented here can help guide future applications of anthocyanins as plant growth regulators in dryland agriculture and breeding for plant stress tolerance.

Incipient fault diagnosis for centrifugal chillers using kernel entropy component analysis and voting based extreme learning machine

Yudong Xia,Qiang Ding,Aipeng Jiang,Nijie Jing,Wenjie Zhou,Jian Wang 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.3

Incipient fault detection and diagnosis for centrifugal chillers is significant for maintaining safe and effective system operation. Due to the advantages of simple learning algorithm and high generalization capability, the extreme learning machine (ELM) can identify faults quickly and precisely in comparison to conventional classification methods such as back propagation neural network (BPNN). This paper reports an effective diagnosis method for incipient chiller faults with the integration of kernel entropy component analysis (KECA) and voting based ELM (VELM). KECA was first performed to reduce the dimensionality of the original input data so as to minimize the model complexity and computational cost. Instead of using a single ELM, multiple independent ELMs were adopted in VELM, and then the class label could be predicted based on the majority voting method. Using the experimental data of seven typical faults together with a normal operation, the proposed KECA-VELM fault diagnostic model was trained and further validated. The results show that a better fault diagnosis performance can be achieved using the KECA-VELM classifier compared with the conventional BPNN, ELM and VELM based classifiers. The overall average fault diagnosis accuracy for the faults at the least severity level was reported over 95% based on the proposed method.

Improvement of Anti-CD36 Antibody Detection via Monoclonal Antibody Immobilization of Platelet Antigens Assay by Using Selected Monoclonal Antibodies

Xu Xiuzhang,Chen Dawei,Ye Xin,Xia Wenjie,Shao Yuan,Deng Jing,Chen Yangkai,Ding Haoqiang,Liu Jing,Xu Yaori,Santoso Sentot,Fu Yongshui 대한진단검사의학회 2023 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.43 No.1

Antibodies against human CD36 are responsible for several immune-mediated disorders. The detection of anti-CD36 antibodies using the standard monoclonal antibody (mAb) immobilization of platelet antigens (MAIPA) assay is hampered by a high frequency of false-negative results, most likely due to competitive inhibition of the mAb used as the capture antibody. We generated a panel of mouse mAbs against CD36 and seven hybridomas (GZ-3, GZ-13, GZ-70, GZ-143, GZ-413, GZ-507, and GZ-608), which were selected for MAIPA assays, as they reacted with mouse and human CD36. Fourteen anti-CD36 sera were assayed; all of which showed a positive reaction in a PakPlus (Immucor GTI Diagnostics, Inc., Waukesha, WI, USA) ELISA-based screening (optical density: 0.257–2.292). When the reference anti-CD36 mAb FA6-152 was used in the MAIPA assay, only 6/14 (42.9%) sera displayed a positive reaction. In contrast, anti-CD36 antibodies were detected in 13/14 (92.9%) sera when GZ-70 and GZ-608 mAbs were used. This significant improvement resulted in the identification of anti-CD36 antibodies by an antigen capture assay. Since patient’s platelets possibly carrying rare native antigens are used, this method will facilitate the identification of new platelet antibodies against CD36 that are involved in immune-mediated thrombocytopenia and other diseases, such as transfusion-related acute lung injury.

Recoverable Slippage Mechanism in Multilayer Graphene Leads to Repeatable Energy Dissipation

Wei, Xiaoding,Meng, Zhaoxu,Ruiz, Luis,Xia, Wenjie,Lee, Changgu,Kysar, Jeffrey W.,Hone, James C.,Keten, Sinan,Espinosa, Horacio D. American Chemical Society 2016 ACS NANO Vol.10 No.2

<P>Understanding the deformation mechanisms in multilayer graphene (MLG), an attractive material used in nanodevices as well as in the reinforcement of nanocomposites, is critical yet challenging due to difficulties in experimental characterization and the spatiotemp oral limitations of atomistic modeling. In this study, we combine nanomechanical experiments with coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CG-MD) simulations to elucidate the mechanisms of deformation and failure of MLG sheets. Elastic properties of graphene sheets with one to three layers are measured using film deflection tests. A nonlinear behavior in the force vs deflection curves for MLGs is observed in both experiments simulations: during loading/unloading cycles, MLGs dissipate energy through a 'recoverable slippage' mechanism. The CG-MD simulations further reveal an atomic level interlayer slippage process and suggest that the dissipated energy scales with film perimeter. Moreover, our study demonstrates that the finite shear strength between individual layers could explain the experimentally measured size dependent strength with thickness scaling in MLG sheets.</P>

Chondrogenic Differentiation and Three Dimensional Chondrogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Induced by Engineered Cartilage-Derived Conditional Media

Hengyun Sun,Yu Liu,Ting Jiang,Xia Liu,Aijuan He,Jie Li,Wenjie Zhang,Wei Liu,Yilin Cao,Guangdong Zhou 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2014 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.11 No.1

Due to lack of optimal inductive protocols, how to effectively improve chondrogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is still a great challenge. Our previous studies demonstrated that the culture media derived from chondrocyte-scaffold constructs (conditional media) contained various soluble chondrogenic factors and were effective for directing chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether the conditional media can induce ASCs towards chondrogenic differentiation, especially for three-dimensional (3D) cartilage formation in a preshaped scaffold. In this study, it demonstrated that the conditional media derived from chondrocyte-scaffold constructs could promote ASCs to differentiate into chondrocyte-like cells, with similar expression of type II collagen to those induced by chondrogenic growth factors. Moreover, the expression level of chondrocyte-specific genes, such as SOX9, type II collagen, and COMP, was even higher in conditional medium group (CM) than that in optimized chondrogenic growth factor group (GF), indicating that the conditional media can serve as an effective inducer for chondrogenic differentiation of ASCs. Most importantly, the conditional media could also induce ASC-scaffold constructs to form 3D cartilage-like tissue with typical lacunae structures and positive expression of cartilage specific matrices, even higher contents of GAG and type II collagen were achieved in CM group compared to GF group. The current study establishes a simple, but stable, efficient, and economical method for directing 3D cartilage formation of ASCs, a strategy that may be more closely applicable for repairing cartilage defects.

Meta-analysis of the effect of melatonin application on abiotic stress tolerance in plants

Yang Xiaoxiao,Ren Jianhong,Li Juanjuan,Lin Xinyue,Xia Xiangyu,Yan Wenjie,Zhang Yuxin,Deng Xiping,Ke Qingbo 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.1

Melatonin is a hormone-like substance that promotes plant growth and development and alleviates stress levels. Although the physiological roles of melatonin and the underlying mechanisms have been qualitatively reviewed in plants, we do not fully understand when and how to apply melatonin to maximize its benefits. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effect of melatonin on abiotic stress tolerance in plants and to determine the number of parameters modulated by melatonin. Melatonin significantly alleviated the growth inhibition induced by drought stress compared with other abiotic stresses, including salt, cold, heat, nitrogen deficit, and heavy metal toxicity, mainly owing to higher photosynthesis efficiency and antioxidant enzyme activity. Furthermore, melatonin modulated plant growth in a concentration-dependent manner and was more effective when applied to plants under moderate drought stress at an early stage via root irrigation. In addition, the impact of melatonin was greater in monocots than in dicots. Moreover, endogenous melatonin levels could be significantly increased via transgenic strategies. Among melatonin biosynthesis-related gene members, ASMT has tended to have the most influence on melatonin content in plants. In light of the rapidly developing genome editing technology, quantitatively increasing endogenous melatonin level in plant would be quite useful for moderating climatic conditions and combating desertification. Taken together, our results provide guidelines for melatonin application in crops plants for improving productivity under ongoing climate change.