Effects of the Anabolic Steroid, Nandrolone Phenylpropionate, on Growth and Muscle Protein Metabolism in ACTH-treated Rats

Choo,Jong Jae (주종재) 韓國營養學會 1996 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.29 No.8

Inhibition of Corticosterone-induced Muscle Atrophy and Reduction in Muscle Protein Synthesis by the Anabolic Steroid Nandrolone Phenylpropionate in Female Rats

Choo,Jong Jae (주종재) 韓國營養學會 1996 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.29 No.8

하상경사가 변화는 실험실 데이터를 이용한 Chiu의 유속공식과 Manning 의 유속공식과의 비교분석

추태호(Choo, Tai-Ho),옥치율(Ok, Chi-Youl),이승관(Lee, Seoung-Kwan),제성진(Je, Sung-Jin) 한국산학기술학회 2007 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

현재까지 수리학 분야에서 가장 많이 회자되고 인용된 공식이 있다면 아마도 1890년에 발표한 Manning의 유속 공식이라고 해도 과언은 아닐 것이다. 그만큼 그 쓰임새가 많았을 뿐만 아니라 사용의 편리성과 정확도에서도 매우 우수하였기 때문일 것이다. 그러나, 아무리 우수한 공식이라도 약점이 있듯이, Manning의 유속공식 역시 조도계수n을 추정하는데 많은 어려움이 있는 것도 주지의 사실이다. 이러한 어려움을 극복하기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 확률통계에서 사용되는 엔트로피 개념을 이용한 3차원 유속분포식인 Chiu의 유속공식을 사용하였다. 그러나 지금까지 실증적으로 Chiu의 유속공식과 Manning의 유속공식을 비교분석하였던 논문은 Chiu와 Choo의 논문에서 일부 언급된 것 외 논문에서는 찾아볼 수 없는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 하상경사를 임의로 변경 가능한 실험수로를 선택하여 정밀법에 의한 유속측정을 우선 실시하였다. 같은 지점의 같은 단면에서 하상경사(Ө)가 0.000935부터 0.025794까지 28번의 경사변화를 주고 각 경사마다 유량을 측정하여 28개의 유량측정 데이터를, Chiu의 유속공식과 Manning의 유속공식에 각각 적용하여, Chiu의 M과 Manning의 n사이의 관계뿐만 아니라, 하상경사변화에 따른 관련인자들을 함께 분석하였으며, 실측된 평균유속과도 함께 분석하였다.

영구치 치수 기질세포를 이용한 연골 분화 및 분화 시기에 따른 형태학적 변화

정주령,김하나,박열,김민정,오영주,신수정,최윤정,김경호 大韓齒科保存學會 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.1

Objectives: The aim was to confirm the stem cell-like properties of the dental pulp stromal cells and to evaluate the morphologic changes during in vitro chondrogenesis. Materials and Methods: Stromal cells were outgrown from the dental pulp tissue of the premolars. Surface markers were investigated and cell proliferation rate was compared to other mesenchymal stem cells. Multipotency of the pulp cells was confirmed by inducing osteogenesis, adipogenesis and chondrogenesis. The morphologic changes in the chondrogenic pellet during the 21 day of induction were evaluated under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. TUNEL assay was used to evaluate apoptosis within the chondrogenic pellets. Results: Pulp cells were CD90, 105 positive and CD31, 34 negative. They showed similar proliferation rate to other stem cells. Pulp cells differentiated to osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic tissues. During chondrogenesis, 3-dimensional pellet was created with multi-layers, hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cells and cartilage-like extracellular matrix. However, cell morphology became irregular and apoptotic cells were increased after 7 day of chondrogenic induction. Conclusions: Pulp cells indicated mesenchymal stem cell-like characteristics. During the in vitro chondrogenesis, cellular activity was superior during the earlier phase (within 7 day) of differentiation.

Relevance of interleukin-10RB to chronic hepatitis B virus infection and biological activities of interferon-貫 and interleukin-22

Cho, O.,Cheong, J. Y.,Jun, K. J.,Kim, S. S.,Chwae, Y. J.,Kim, K.,Park, S.,Cho, S. W. Springer Science + Business Media 2013 Hepatology international Vol.7 No.1

字素의 槪念과 分類

朴秋鉉 慶尙大學校 南冥學硏究所 2004 남명학연구 Vol.18 No.-

한자의 構形에 관한 분석은 한자연구에 있어서 가장 기본적으로 요구되는 필수 불가결한 작업으로서 전통 문자학에서 일찍부터 시도되어 왔고 그에 관한 방대한 양의 著作들이 전해지고 있다. 현대에 이르러서도 전통적인 관점에서의 연구수요 뿐만이 아니라, 한자개혁·한자교학 혹은 한자의 電算化 등 다양한 분야의 필요성에 의해 이에 관한 연구가 계속 진행되고 있다. 필자 역시 몇 해 전부터 현재 우리나라에서 통용되고 있는 楷書字形을 대상으로 그 構形 분석에 관심을 갖고 일련의 작업을 수행하고 있는 중이다. 이 과정에서 필자는 해서의 자형을 전통의 편방 개념에 의거해 단순히 의부와 음부로만 구분하고, 不成文字素나 變異字素 등에 관해서는 따로 분석을 하지 않았다. 그러나 이제 작업을 마무리해야 하는 단계에 이르러, 포괄적으로 의부와 음부로만 나누어서는 명쾌하게 해결될 수 없었던 부분들을 정리해야 하고, 또한 이 과정에서 그 동안 필자가 견지하고 있던 자소의 개념과 용어 역시 일부 수정해야 할 필요성을 느끼게 되었다. 이를 위하여, 본고에서는 학계에서 사용해 온 기존의 개념과 용어 및 현재 사용되고 있는 개념과 용어들에 대한 설명과 분석을 통하여 취할 바와 버릴 바를 구하고, 이것으로서 필자의 疏漏했던 부분을 보충하여 자소에 대한 개념과 분류에 관한 졸견을 피력해 보고자 하였다. 본고에서는, 필획에서 시작하여 整字에 이르기까지의 모든 한자를 구성하는 모든 요소들을 '字素'라 하고, 이들 자소들을 크게 두 부류로 구분하여 '構形素'와 '機能素'로 칭하였다. 구형소는 자형의 構造 形態를 분석하고 이를 통하여 그 층차를 파악하기 위한 구별이고, 기능소는 평면적으로 자소가 담당하는 역할을 분석하기 위한 구별이다. 양자는 서로 대립하는 관계가 아니고 상호 보완적 관계로서, 모든 기능소는 구형소에 의해 구성되는 것이며, 모든 구형소는 단독 혹은 두개 이상이 일정한 방법의 조합과정을 거쳐 기능소의 역할을 하게 된다. 구형소는 세분하면 다시 筆劃字素·基本字素·特殊字素·變異字素·形體字素 등의 네 가지로 구분되며, 필획자소는 구형소 가운데 최하위 단위로서 기본자소를 비롯한 기타자소를 구성하는 筆形에 관여하는 자소이다. 기본자소는 일련의 독체자와 소수의 합체자가 이에 해당하며, 기능소를 구성하는 根幹 역할을 하는 자소이다. 특수자소는 사용범위가 극히 제한되거나 사용빈도가 아주 낮은 자소들을 지칭하는 것이며, 변이자소는 隸變 과정에서 자소의 자형을 필사의 편리나 모양을 고려하여 자연스럽게 변화되었거나 의도적으로 변형시킨 경우이고, 그 來源은 대부분 기본자소에서 나온 것이다. 그러나 그 來源을 잘못 파악하여 전혀 다른 형태로 변한 경우도 적지 않다. 형체자소는 특정한 기본자소와 결합했을 때만 일정한 의미를 갖게 되는, 音義가 없이 형체만 존재하는 不成文 부호를 지칭하는 것이다. 기능소는 합체자의 분석을 위해 전통적 사용해 온 편방의 개념과 동일하며, 다만 그 명칭을 表意字素(意符)와 表音字素(音符)로 나누었다. 이외에도, 자소의 또 다른 분류방법으로 根源字素와 派生字素, 同形字素와 同義字素, 獨體字素와 合體字素, 成字字素와 非字字素 등을 제시하였다. The analysis about the structure and the form of Chinese Character has tried as essential works which were regarded as the basic works at a traditional character research and a lot of books were also delivered about it. The study of this subject has been in progress by not only the study demand at traditional viewpoint but the necessity of the reformation of Chinese Character, Chinese Character Education or computerization of Chinese Character. I have investigated standard script of handwriting which was circulated in Korea from a few years ago and I have also been concerned about the analysis about the structure and the form of Chinese Character. However, the associated term was not unified yet. Even though they used the same term, the notion was different in many cases. We have to classify the regulation of term and notion which is related the analysis of the structure and the form. Thus, this paper aims to consider and analyze both the arrangement of original term¬ion and current term¬ion. It is also aims to show the opinion of the arrangement of notion at Chinese Character grapheme of and classification of grapheme. In this paper, it is called "grapheme" that is started from numbers of strokes in Chinese Character to completed character. It is also divided two parts as constructional grapheme and functional grapheme. Constructional grapheme is the discrimation for analysis of structure and form at form of character. It is also for understanding of differences. Functional grapheme is the discrimination for analysis of role which is in charge of grapheme superfically. The relationship of two grapheme is not the opposition but the mutual independence. Every functional graphmeme is consisted of constructional grapheme and every constructional grapheme has its own role through mixing progress of fixed ways for one or more than two grapheme. Constructional grapheme is divided with four; strokes grapheme, foundation grapheme, variant grapheme and temporary grapheme. Strokes grapheme is the lowest unit among these grapheme and is related to form of handwriting. Foundational grapheme is composed of a series of individual character and some compositive character and its role is the basic for functional grapheme. Variant grapheme is the changed grapheme from the process of change to clerical script, which has considered for convenience of copying and shape of foundation grapheme, naturally or intentionally. The origin of this is from foundational grapheme but it is sometimes changed for totally different form by understanding of the origin. Temporary grapheme only has meaning when it is composed of specific foundation grapheme. It also indicated uncompleted character which exists figure without sound and meaning. Functional grapheme is the same notion with radical on one side of a character which is traditionally used for a long time for analysis of compositive character. It is just divided with two term; Ideo grapheme and phonic grapheme.

國際關係 分析을 爲한 要件에 關한 硏究

朴柱璜 全北大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

電子빔勵起 KrF레이저의 出力特性에 대한 시뮤레이숀 解析

李柱熙,崔富淵 慶熙大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

By developing a comprehensive computer simulation code for e-beam excited KrF lasers, we studied mainly the effect of output performance dependence on excitation rate excited by an intense electron beam. Especially for short pulse (<50 ns) and high excitation rate pumping (>2Mw/㎤), and under realizable conditions, it is found to calculated with an intrinsic laser effieiency as a function of excitation rate. The results were compared with some experimental results, and a fairly good agreement was obtained. At an excitation rate of 7 Mw/㎤, and at a total gas pressure of 2 atm, an intrinsic efficiency of up to 10.5% is found to be attainable. We have also calculated the KrF^* production efficiency and the laser extraction efficiency, and explained the output performance in terms of excitation rate.

Piaget의 認知 發達 理論

姜周泰 東亞大學校 學生生活硏究所 1970 學生硏究 Vol.1 No.-

1. In order to approach to the understanding of the cognitive theory of Jean Piaget, I described the theory into 4 parts, that is: I described his life and work in part Ⅰ, the basic characteristic oh his theory in part Ⅱ, the concept of development and developmental stages in part Ⅲ, and then set forth the summary and criticism about his theory. 2. Piaget dedicated all of his creative energies to uncovering the nature and direction of intellectual development. He can best be described as a scientist researching the nature and logic of human development. 3. It is advisable to examine the basic assumptions of Piaget's developmental theory, and which can be summarized under the following sub-headings: ①Approach to theory formation, ② The order of the cosmos, ③ Etiology of human behavior, ④ Fundamental human values, ⑤ Core of human behavior, ⑥ The newborn, ⑦ The physical, social, and ideational environment. 4. Piaget's concept of development can be summarized by the six following generalizations: ① There is an absolute continuity of all developmental processes. ② Development proceeds through a continuous process of generalizations and differentiation. ③ this continuity is achieved by a continuous unfolding. Each level of development finds its roots in a previous phase and continues into the following one. ④ Each phase entail a repetition of processes of the previous level in a different from of organization(schema). Previous behavior patterns are sensed as inferior and become part of the new superior level. ⑤ The differences in organizational pattern create a hierarchy of experience and actions. ⑥ Individuals achieve different levels within the hierarchy, although there is in the brain of each individual the possibility for all these developments but day are not all realized. 5. Piaget's writings introduce a variety of developmental divisions. For instance, in Piaget's works of 1956, he illustrates a developmental continuum by a division into three major phases: ① The sensorimotor phase (roughly, ages:0-2) ② the period of preparation for conceptual thought (roughly, ages:2-11/12) ③ The phase of cognitive thought (roughly, ages: 11 or 12 and up) 6. Piaget's theory furnishes us with a frame of reference. His developmental trends describe individual potentiality. The actual developmental profile of each individual resembles a barogram showing peaks in some areas and depressions in orders. In addition, variations may exist at any one point in an individual's approach to everyday problems. Basically, however, his theory pointedly demonstrates that there are regular patterns in cognitive development which are experienced by everyone. In turn, such understanding allows. us to predict for an individual his mode and range of comprehension all along on the course f his development.

한국인의 사회 재적응률 척도에 관한 조사

조주연,민성삼,이영진,조동영,이혜리,윤방부 대한가정의학회 1985 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.6 No.12