FCT 5 : Fractional laser-assisted topical imiquimod 5% cream treatment for recalcitrant common warts in children

( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Hyun Ho Cho1 ),( Won Jeong Kim ),( Je Ho Mun ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Conventional destructive modalities for warts like cryotherapy or laser ablation have some limitations that are excruciating pain during procedure, in especially pediatric patients. Imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier that was approved for treating genital and perianal warts. But, thick stratum corneum of common warts may act as a barrier against drug permeation via the skin. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of above treatment. Methods: Eleven pediatric patients (6 female and 5 male, mean age 12.5 years) were included in this study. The lesions were treated by fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser for achieving the penetration of stratum corneum with 1 or 2 weeks intervals. Then, imiquimod 5% cream was self-applied once daily for 5 days a week. Assessment of response and adverse effects was performed every 2 weeks until complete clearance or up to maximum of 48 weeks. Pain during procedure was checked by VAS (0-10). Results: 8 out of 11 (72.7%) patients experienced complete clearance of all warts lesions. Mean duration of total treatment was 29.7 (16-48) weeks. Mean number of fractional laser treatment was 17.5 (8-37) times. No significant adverse effect was observed. VAS score of the pain during fractional laser treatment was 2.4 (1-4), comparing with 6.2 (5-8) during cryotherapy. Conclusion: Fractional ErYAG laser-assisted topical 5% imiquimod cream is an effective and safe treatment option for recalcitrant common warts of the children do not tolerate pain well.

최근 10년간 마취에 관한 임상적 고찰 (Ⅲ)

조현숙,김윤희,손수창,김혜자,최세진 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the specificity and the historical trends of the anesthetic agents and anesthetic methods used in Chungnam national university hospital, anesthetic experiences of 53,291 in total performed at Chungnam national university hospital from January 1987 to December 1996 were analized statistically and clinically according to age, sex, surgical department, physical status, elective to emergency surgery, premedicants, induction agents, anesthetic methods, main anesthetic agent, anesthetic technique and muscle relaxants. The results were as follows : L The number of cases has been steadily increased in annually. 2. The distribution of the number of patients according to the age were cases 37,309(70.02%) in the group of 13-60 years. 3. There were 27,448 male (51.5%) and 25,843 female (48.5%) cases. 4. 9,208 cases (17.27%) were OB-GY, 9,162 cases (17.19%) in general surgery, 7,936 cases(14.89%) in orthopedic surgery, and 6,079 cases (11.4%) in ENT in order of numbers. 5. According to the ASA classification of physical status , most of the cases were belonged to the class 1 (38.69%) class 2 (40.33%) class 1E (5.52%) class 2E (5.71%). Almost cases were relatively in good physical status. 6. The number of elective to emergency was 7,833 (89.76%), to 5,458 (10.24%) cases. 7. As premedicants, a group of glycopyrrolate (35.20%) was given most frequently. 8. Thiopental sodium has been mainly used for intravenous induction agent. 9. General anesthesia has been used as main method of anesthesia. 10. Enflurane was the most commonly used anesthetic agent. 11. Vecuronium was the most commonly used non-depolarizing muscle relaxant.

적절한 용량 이하의 경구용 향응고제 사용 중 발생한 뇌출혈 환자의 임상 양상

조수진,황흥곤,나찬영,이영탁,최현배,조태구 世宗醫學硏究所 2000 世宗醫學 Vol.17 No.2

안병무의 예수론

조수현 목원대학교 신학연구소 1997 신학과 현장 Vol.7 No.-

연마 다듬질 가공면의 표면 미세형상 평가에 관한 연구

조남규,김현국,권기환,한창수,안유민,이성환,박균명 한국공작기계학회 2000 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

This paper describes the statistical analysis techniques for the surface roughness assessment of polished surfaces. In experiments, the polishing process of the sample surfaces which are manufactured by ball end mill is consist of two steps; the cusp removal process and the surface finishing process. For the cusp removal process, the criterion of cusp removal was established from the power spectrum analysis to assess the change of the cusp removal rate. For the finishing process, the surface was polished by the rotational CBN tool and vibration wood tool. And the surface quality of polished surface was assessed using the functional parameters based on the statistical values of surface profiles. Consequently, the surface finish performance of the polished surface using the vibration wood tool was improved.

돼지생식기호흡기 증후군(PRRS) 바이러스 감염시킨 돼지 기관의 병리학적 관찰

조성환,김현수,윤원기,전무형,류시윤,박배근,손화영,김무강 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was inoculated into swine tracheal organ culture. The ballooning degeneration of the tracheal ciliated epithelium and a decrease of ciliary activity from the tracheal organs infected with PRRS virus were observed one day post-infection(PI). Tracheal epithelium showed degeneration and focal necrosis 2 days PI. Epithelial necrosis and loss of cilia and epithelial cells became more severe 3 and 4 days PI. An entire loss of cilia and epithelial cells were recognized 4 days PI, however, control tracheal organs were normal during the period of the experiment except a little decrease of ciliary activities with time..

연쇄상구균을 실험감염시킨 넙치치어의 병리조직학적 관찰

조성환,류시윤,김현수,박배근,김덕환,손화영,윤원기,신창호 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1999 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.7 No.-

Pathological observations were examined after abdominal inoculation in 7∼8㎝ sized flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) with 1X10^7 cfu/㎖ of Streptococcus faecalis. The infected flounder were clinically observed and weighed a fish body at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 days post inoculation. In infected group, mortality were 70% and feed efficiency were 7.2%. In non-infected group, mortality were 10% and feed efficiency were 18.2%. Macroscopically, the significant lesions were characterized by protrusions and opacity of the eyes and ulcer of the caudal pecuncle. Histopathologically, the lesions were observed a degeneration. necrosis and inflammatory cells in muscle of the caudal peduncle and a degeneration and necrosis of the rod cells and detached retina from the black pigmented layer

백워드 설계에 기반한 융합인재교육(STEAM) 프로그램 개발 및 적용

조수현,박창언 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2013 교과교육학연구 Vol.17 No.4

본 연구는 백워드 설계 모형에 기반한 과학 중심융합 인재 교육(STEAM) 프로그램의 개발과 적용 사례를 소개하는 것으로 초등학교에 적합한 융합인 재교육(STEAM) 방법을 논의하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구의 연구 문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 백워드 설계에 기반한 초등 과학과 STEAM교육 프로그램은 어떻게 구성할 수 있는가? 둘째, 백워드 설계에 기반한 초등 과학과 STEAM교육이 학습자의 융합적 소양측면에서 어떠한 영향을 미치는가? 또한 본프로그램에 대한 교사들의 숙의는 어떠한가? 현재 국가정책적으로 융합인 재교육을 굉장히 강조하고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 현실에서 본 연구는 STEAM교육을 초등 일반 단위 학급 내에서 어떻게 효과적으로 구현될 수 있을지에 대한 고민으로부터 출발하여 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하고 실질적 운영 사례를 통해 STEAM교육 실천 가능성에 대한 경험적 논의를 시도하였다. 본 연구는 초등학교 3학년 동물 단원을 대상으로 한 초등융합 인재 교육 프로그램 개발 및 적용 연구로서 이해 중심설계 방식인 백워드의 원리와 Drake의 탈교과적 방법에 기초해 융합인 재교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 또한 STEAM교육을 실행하고 있는 현장 교사들의 협의를 바탕으로 현장의 상황과 요구를 최대한 반영하여 프로그램을 개발하였다. 그리고 이를 직접 적용해 본 것을 학생들의 융합적 소양에 대한 검토뿐 아니라 실제 교사들의 숙의와 경험적 맥락에서 분석하고 논의하였다는데 의의가 있다. 이 연구를 통해 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 프로그램의 효과를 알아보기 위해 실험반과 비교반의 사전․ 사후 융합적 소양검사를 해본 결과 감성적 체험, 창의적 설계, 내용 융합의 측면에서 STEAM을 적용한 실험 반 학생들의 결과가 비교반에 비해 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 본 프로그램 공개 수업후 교사협의 내용을 상황 제시, 창의적 설계, 감성적 체험의 세 가지 STEAM 요소 관점에서 분석해 본 결과 본프로그램에 대해 긍정적인 반응이 나타났다 This study introduces the development and application of S-STEAM education conducted with third-grade students in J elementary school. It suggests an ideal teaching/learning methodology for STEAM education suitable for elementary science and shares ideas about STEAM education. The focus of this study is the following. First, how could the STEAM program for science be organized based on backward design? Second, how would the students think and feel about the STEAM factors after the STEAM program? And, through deliberative procedures, how would teachers feel about a program based on STEAM? The most significant meaning about this program is that it was developed on a basis of teacher discussions and classroom situations, followed by incisive consultations about STEAM. The results are as follows. The effectiveness of this program was analyzed by students and teachers on a basis of three STEAM factors developed by the Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Creativity. The program seems to be effective and meaningful for elementary science STEAM education. Two main methods were used: backward design that pursued an understanding of topics and a trans-disciplinary methodology. These provided the procedure for the organization of this program and were key to the success of the STEAM program that was developed in this study.

두부 사측방 촬영술에 의한 건조하악골의 과두영상고찰

조경수,정현대 전남대학교 치과대학 1992 전남치대논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Transcranial radiography has the benefit of providing low equipment cost, and it does not require additional space. The diagnosis of the internal derangement can be made on the basis of the measurement of the joint space by using transcranial radiograph. Thus transcranial radiography is one of the most commonly used radiographic techniques of the diagnosis of TMJ disorders. It is generally known that the transcranial radiograph delineates the lateral third of the condyle. This article intends to help reader understand the morphology of the condylar bony structures through the transcranial radiography. Four radiopaque wire were placed on the condyla surface at intervals of two millimeter from the lateral pole. Using 20 dry mandibles and an Accurad-200 healholder (Denar Corp. U.S.A.). The transcranial radiographs were taken. The results were as follows: 1. The wires that are attached at the distance of 2㎜ from the lateral pole delineate the anterior partition of the condylar outline in the standard and corrected transcranial radiographs. 2. The anterosuperior partition of the condylar outline consists mainly of the image of the wires that are attached at the distance of 2.4㎜ from the lateral pole. 3. The posterosuperior partition of the condylar outline consists mainly of the image of the wires that are attached at the distance of 4.6㎜ from the lateral pole. 4. The posterior partition of the condylar outline consists mainly of the image of the wires that are attached at the distance of 6, 8㎜ from the lateral pole.

Renca 마우스 종양모델에서 지구성운동이 종양형성에 미치는 영향

조정제,안현종,김성수,김창주 대한스포츠의학회 2003 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Subcutaneous injection of cells from renal adenocarcinoma line, renca, into Balb/c mice induces fast growing solid tumors. This method has been used to speculate the efficacy of cytokine treatment for tumor regression. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on tumor growth using renca mouse tumor model. We also examined the expression pattern of several genes related to immune response after exercise training for 4 weeks. Exercise training reduced the size of tumor mass compared to that of non-exercised group in tumor cell recipient mice. Natural killer(NK) cell activity showed no significant difference between exercised and non-exercised groups in tumor cell non-recipient mice. Although NK cell activity of non-recipients was higher than tumor cell recipients, NK cell activity of exercised group was significantly lower than non-exercised group among tumor cell recipients. There were no significant differences in mRNA expressions of cytokines. scavenger receptors, and neuropeptieds which are related to immune response, while mRNA expression of TGF-beta was significantly reduced both in spleen and in tumor mass by treadmill exercise. Based on the results presented in this study, endurance exercise has shown the possibility to suppress tumor formation.