MNE Subsidiary Managers’ International Work Experience and Advice Networks: The Moderating Role of Cultural Distance

Chi Poong Kim,Chul Chung,Chris Brewster 한국무역연구원 2022 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.18 No.1

Purpose – To perform effectively in the context of the dual embeddedness of MNE subsidiaries, subsidiary managers need to build and use wide advice networks across headquarters and their host countries. Informed by social learning theory, we explore how a subsidiary manager’s prior international work experience contributes to building advice networks and how cultural distance between the manager’s home and the prior working country moderates the relationship between international experience and the advice networks there Design/Methodology/Approach – The study is based on a survey of 187 subsidiary managers that report directly to subsidiary heads, in 43 subsidiaries of 12 South Korean MNEs. Findings – We find that parent country national subsidiary managers with prior international work experience in a host country tend to have larger and stronger local advice networks in the country, whereas host country national subsidiary managers’ prior international work experience in the multinational enterprise’s home country contributes to building strong advice networks in the home country. More crucially, we find that a parent country national subsidiary manager’s prior international work experience in the host country has a stronger influence on the size of local advice networks when there is higher cultural distance between the home and the host country. Research Implications – In the management of this paper, our study identifies cultural distance as a boundary condition in the relationship between MNE subsidiary managers’ international work experience and advice networks.

Millennials’ Avoidance of International Assignments in the Middle East: A Case in the EPC Industry

Chi-Poong Kim,Joo-Young Hong,Hyun-Taek Koh 한국무역연구원 2022 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.18 No.4

Purpose – Working in the Middle East used to be a “must-have” experience in the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) industry. However, these days, millennials are not willing to accept such assignments. By adopting expectancy theory, this study explores the antecedents causing their reluctance. Design/Methodology/Approach – We adopt consensual qualitative research method with 21 in-depth interviews of expatriates with working experience in the Middle East from three EPC companies in South Korea. In particular, our study covers expatriates working in Qatar, Morocco, Algeria, Oman, Iraq, and Kuwait, which are rarely studied in the existing literature. Findings – We find that millennial expatriates are sensitive to harsh working environments that lead to limitations in their personal lives. Our study also shows that millennials perceive the reward as too low, especially when compared to expatriates in other countries or those at headquarters. Furthermore, they think working in the Middle East is not helpful to their future career. Research Implications – South Korean EPC companies should identify the characteristics of these millennials and make adjustments to current HR practices, such as pay raises and career support. Allowances for long-term employees in remote parts of the Middle East should also be increased. It is necessary to give extra points to promotion for those who have worked in secluded areas.

국내 바이오 제약사의 해외진출 전략 비교 연구 : 웁살라 모델 및 본글로벌 관점

김치풍(Chi-Poong Kim),이지인(Ji-In Lee) 한국무역연구원 2021 무역연구 Vol.17 No.6

Purpose This study aims to draw implications from the nation’s leading bio-pharmaceutical companies by comparing their international strategies. In particular, this study adopts two theories related to internationalization, the uppsala model and the born global perspective, considering that there are differences in business models and international strategies among the bio-pharmaceutical companies. Design/Methodology/Approach Academic papers, websites, and newspaper articles were used to collect information on the status of international entry of companies, and to analyze basic information. Next, interviews with three bio-pharmaceutical industry experts were conducted to verify this and confirm additional content. Interviewees were selected with actual and industrial research experience. Findings We found that GC Green Cross and Hanmi Pharmaceutical, which are expanding their business to biomedicine based on chemical synthetic drugs, are explained by the Uppsala model, while Celltrion and Samsung Biologics’ international strategy focused on biomedicine comes from a born global perspective. Research Implications By systematically analyzing South Korean bio-pharmaceutical company international strategies, this study found that each company has various international market entry modes depending on product characteristics and CEO’s intention. Furthermore, it was suggested that a differentiated international strategy by region and country is necessary. In a practical sense, besides, this study suggests South Korean bio-pharmaceutical companies need a step-by-step international market entry strategy in the future

붕장어껍질로부터 젤라틴의 제조 및 그 특성

김진수(Jin Soo Kim),임치원(Chi Won Ihm),김풍호(Poong Ho Kim) 한국응용생명화학회 1996 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.39 No.4

To prepare edible skin gelatin of conger eel such as material for quality improvement of surimi gel, the defatted skin was limed with 1% calcium hydroxide at 5℃ for 2 days, washed thoroughly with tap water, extracted with 8 volumes of distilled water to dehydrated skin for 2 hours at 50℃. The gelatin extract was centrifuged, filtered and then passed through anion(Amberlite 200℃) and ration (Amber ite IR 900) resins. The purified gelatin solution was evaporated and dried by hot-air blast(40℃). The gelatin prepared by above condition had the highest quality as revealed by physical property values i.e. 240.5 g in gel strength. 28.0℃ in melting point and 21.0℃ 61 gelling point. Funtional property values were 56.8% in solubility, 1.8 ㎖/g in ail binding capacity, 55.0% in emulsifying capacity and 48.5% in emulsifying stability. jelly strength and sensory evaluation of surimi gel from fish with red muscle were not improved by addition of emulsifying surd from conger eel skin gelatin as emulsifier. Therefore, tile conger eel skin gelatin requires a suitable modification of functional group and improvement of processing operation to utilize as a material for quality improvement of surimi gel.

백선(Dyctamnus dasycarpus)복용 후 발생한 간 손상 2예

이화영,김재준,백승운,이종균,이준혁,고광철,이풍렬,이종철,오영륜,지영준 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Although drug induced liver injury caused by herbal medicine is considered to be a frequent problem in Korea, there are only a few reports concerning the hepatotoxicity of herbal medicine. We recently experienced two cases of drug induced liver injury caused by ingestion of Dyctamnus dasycarpus, and one of herbal drug used for antipyretic and analgesic purposes. The first patient, a 48 year old man, was admitted due to jaundice after ingestion of the liquor containing Dyctamnus dasycarpus and some other herbal medications for 4 months. All viral markers were negative on admission, and the elevated bilirubin and transamiase levels normalized 5 months later after cessation of all herbal medications. Ten months after the first admission, he ingested only the liquor containing Dyctamnus dasycarpus, with lesser duration and amount, and was readmitted due to general weakness and fatigue and elevated transaminase ($gt;1,000 IU/L). The elevated transaminase level nearly returned to normal after discontinuing the causative agent. The second patient, a 62 year old man, was admitted due to jaundice after ingestion of Dyctamnus dasycarpus. The elevated bilirubin and transamiase levels normalized 4 months later after cessation of the causative agent. Dyctamnus dasycarpus induced liver injury presents with prolonged course lasting more than several weeks to months. Herbal drug induced liver disease should be considered in differential diagnosis of acute liver injury of unknown cause in Korea and we are also suggesting the necessity of a systematic approach for the study of the herbal drugs.

증례 : 전신성홍반점성낭창환자에서 장간막혈관염으로 인한 광범위 소장절제 경험 1 예

민영일 ( Young Il Min ),김경석 ( Kyung Suk Kim ),함준수 ( Joon Soo Hahm ),이민호 ( Min Ho Lee ),박경남 ( Kyung Nam Park ),정선근 ( Sun Kuen Jung ),이광수 ( Kwang Soo Lee ),정풍만 ( Poong Man Jung ),원치규 ( Chi Kyu Won ) 대한내과학회 1984 대한내과학회지 Vol.27 No.5

원발성 위결핵 1 예

송인성,정현채,윤병철,김정룡,이풍렬,박인애,윤용범,최상운,안준석,송치성,이재훈 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.37 No.3

Tuberculosis of the stomach is a very rare disease. It is very difficult to make correct diagnosis, and even more difficult for its early diagnosis due to its non-specific symptoms. We have recently experienced a case of gastric tuberculosis in 66-year old woman with only nonspecific symptom, intermittent epigastric discomfort. The diagnosis was made on the basis of the histological study of the endoscopic biopsy specimen. We have confirmed the healing of the gastric lesion by the follow-up endoscopy, after 9 months' treatment of antituberculous medication.