Fatty Acid Modified Eggs as a Delivery System for Functional Lipids

Cherian, Gita The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.3

The chicken egg provides a perfectly packaged, portion controlled, highly nutritious food containing vital nutrients essential for maintaining human health. However, concern by health professionals over the possible association of diets high in fat and cholesterol to chronic diseases has led to a decrease in egg consumption. Several different strategies have been adopted by the poultry food industry to enhance the nutritional value of eggs. The major emphasis has been focused on the modification of polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and fat soluble vitamins. This review briefly describes the composition, lipid nutrient content and the positive health effects of egg lipid nutrients.

Assessing the Systemic Toxicity in Rabbits after Sub Acute Exposure to Ocular Irritant Chemicals

Cherian Sebastian Reshma,Sudhakaran Sruthi,Santhakumar Syama,Vishwanath Gayathri,Parayanthala Valappil Mohanan 한국독성학회 2015 Toxicological Research Vol.31 No.1

Eye is a highly vascularised organ. There are chances that a foreign substance can enter the systemic circulation through the eye and cause oxidative stress and evoke immune response. Here the eyes of rabbits were exposed, for a period of 7 days, to 5 known ocular irritants: Cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium salicylate (SS), imidazole (IMI), acetaminophen (ACT) and nicotinamide (NIC). The eyes were scored according to the draize scoring. Blood collected from the treated rabbit were analyzed for haematological and biochemical parameters. After sacrifice, histological analysis of the eye and analysis of pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) in the cornea using ELISA was carried out. Spleen was collected and the proliferation capacities of spleenocytes were analyzed. Liver and brain were collected and assessed for oxidative stress. The eye irritation potential of the chemicals was evident from the redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and cornea. Histopathological analysis and ELISA assay showed signs of inflammation in the eye. However, the haematological and biochemical parameters showed no change. Spleenocyte proliferations showed only slight alterations which were not significant. Also oxidative stress in the brain and liver were negligible. In conclusion, chemicals which cause ocular irritation and inflammation did not show any systemic side-effects in the present scenario.

Assessing the Systemic Toxicity in Rabbits after Sub Acute Exposure to Ocular Irritant Chemicals

Reshma, Cherian Sebastian,Sruthi, Sudhakaran,Syama, Santhakumar,Gayathri, Vishwanath,Mohanan, Parayanthala Valappil Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2015 Toxicological Research Vol.31 No.1

Eye is a highly vascularised organ. There are chances that a foreign substance can enter the systemic circulation through the eye and cause oxidative stress and evoke immune response. Here the eyes of rabbits were exposed, for a period of 7 days, to 5 known ocular irritants: Cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium salicylate (SS), imidazole (IMI), acetaminophen (ACT) and nicotinamide (NIC). The eyes were scored according to the draize scoring. Blood collected from the treated rabbit were analyzed for haematological and biochemical parameters. After sacrifice, histological analysis of the eye and analysis of pro-inflammatory biomarkers ($IL-1{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-8 and $TNF-{\alpha}$) in the cornea using ELISA was carried out. Spleen was collected and the proliferation capacities of spleenocytes were analyzed. Liver and brain were collected and assessed for oxidative stress. The eye irritation potential of the chemicals was evident from the redness and swelling of the conjunctiva and cornea. Histopathological analysis and ELISA assay showed signs of inflammation in the eye. However, the haematological and biochemical parameters showed no change. Spleenocyte proliferations showed only slight alterations which were not significant. Also oxidative stress in the brain and liver were negligible. In conclusion, chemicals which cause ocular irritation and inflammation did not show any systemic side-effects in the present scenario.

Fatty Acid Modified Eggs as a Delivery System for Functional Lipids

Gita Cherian 한국식품영양과학회 2003 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.8 No.3

The chicken egg provides a perfectly packaged, portion controlled, highly nutritious food containing vital nutrients essential for maintaining human health. However, concern by health professionals over the possible association of diets high in fat and cholesterol to chronic diseases has led to a decrease in egg consumption. Several different strategies have been adopted by the poultry food industry to enhance the nutritional value of eggs. The major emphasis has been focused on the modification of polyunsaturated fatty acid composition and fat soluble vitamins. This review briefly describes the composition, lipid nutrient content and the positive health effects of egg lipid nutrients.

Biocompatible Ti3Au–Ag/Cu thin film coatings with enhanced hardness and antimicrobial functionality

Cecil Cherian Lukose,Ioannis Anestopoulos,Iraklis‑Stavros Panagiotidis,Guillaume Zoppi,Anna M. Black,Lynn G. Dover,Leon Bowen,Ángel Serrano‑Aroca,Terence Xiaoteng Liu,Lorenzo Mendola,Davide Morrone,Mi 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Background Biofilm formation on medical device surfaces is a persistent problem that shelters bacteria and encourages infections and implant rejection. One promising approach to tackle this problem is to coat the medical device with an antimicrobial material. In this work, for the first time, we impart antimicrobial functionality to Ti3Au intermetallic alloy thin film coatings, while maintaining their superior mechanical hardness and biocompatibility. Methods A mosaic Ti sputtering target is developed to dope controlled amounts of antimicrobial elements of Ag and Cu into a Ti3Au coating matrix by precise control of individual target power levels. The resulting Ti3Au- Ag/Cu thin film coatings are then systematically characterised for their structural, chemical, morphological, mechanical, corrosion, biocompatibility-cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties. Results X-ray diffraction patterns reveal the formation of a super hard β-Ti3Au phase, but the thin films undergo a transition in crystal orientation from (200) to (211) with increasing Ag concentration, whereas introduction of Cu brings no observable changes in crystal orientation. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis show the polyhedral shape of the Ti3Au crystal but agglomeration of Ag particles between crystal grains begins at 1.2 at% Ag and develops into large granules with increasing Ag concentration up to 4.1 at%. The smallest doping concentration of 0.2 at% Ag raises the hardness of the thin film to 14.7 GPa, a 360% improvement compared to the ∼4 GPa hardness of the standard Ti6Al4V base alloy. On the other hand, addition of Cu brings a 315—330% improvement in mechanical hardness of films throughout the entire concentration range of 0.5—7.1 at%. The thin films also show good electrochemical corrosion resistance and a > tenfold reduction in wear rate compared to Ti6Al4V alloy. All thin film samples exhibit very safe cytotoxic profiles towards L929 mouse fibroblast cells when analysed with Alamar blue assay, with ion leaching concentrations lower than 0.2 ppm for Ag and 0.08 ppm for Cu and conductivity tests reveal the positive effect of increased conductivity on myogenic differentiation. Antimicrobial tests show a drastic reduction in microbial survival over a short test period of < 20 min for Ti3Au films doped with Ag or Cu concentrations as low as 0.2—0.5 at%. Conclusion Therefore, according to these results, this work presents a new antimicrobial Ti3Au- Ag/Cu coating material with excellent mechanical performance with the potential to develop wear resistant medical implant devices with resistance to biofilm formation and bacterial infection.

Influence of anchors on transient cavitating flow in pipes

Rappakkaran Cherian Miji,Neelakantan Sajikumar,Kottekat Surendran Sumam 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.2

The influence of anchors on transient cavitating flow was not dealt with in detail, though there are limited studies on the effect of support on water hammer. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the influence of spacing of fixed anchors on the cavitation pressure generated in transient cavitating flows. The change in the fluid characteristics was studied along with the change in vibration of piping system. The study reveals that the occurrence of cavitation and resulting cavitation pressure are extremely influenced by the spacing of fixed anchors. As the spacing of fixed anchors is reduced; the cavitation pressure during a transient cavitating event increases severely without any change in other flow conditions while the acceleration induced on the pipe gets decreased drastically. Hence, the spacing of anchors in any piping system should be decided by balancing the lateral acceleration of the piping system and the pressure rise due to cavitation.

Metal organic framework with amino acid backbone for carbon dioxide capture and its transformation to propylene oxide

( Amal Cherian ),정경선,박대원 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1

Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are prominent materials due to their porous nature, richness in metal/inherent functional groups, their synthetic or post-synthetic customizability etc. MOFs are excellent materials for various applications including CO₂ capture. Post-capture transformation of CO₂ to useful products is attractive from the standpoint of its abundance and non-toxicity in comparison to the commonly used C1 feedstock like phosgene or CO. Synthesis of five membered cyclic carbonates from CO₂ and epoxide is 100% atom economical and an ideal representative for its transformation (Scheme 1). Excitingly, MOFs are being reported as catalysts for this process. Bio-MOFs (for example, amino acid based AA-MOFs) are attractive catalysts, owing to their richness in acid-base sites. We report a 3D-Bio-MOF CuAspBpy (constituted of Cu, L-Aspartic acid and 4,4’-dipyridyl) that can capture CO₂ and also act as a catalyst for propylene carbonate (PC) synthesis from propylene oxide (PO) and CO₂. The effect of various reaction parameters such as the catalyst loading, temperature, CO₂ pressure, and time were evaluated. A plausible reaction mechanism was also proposed. The process presented herein represents a catalyst that is derived from natural constituents of low cost, and which is an efficient route for chemical fixation of CO₂ into high-value chemicals.

Generalized chorea due to secondary polycythemia responding to phlebotomy

Ajith Cherian,Naveen Kumar Paramasivan,Divya Kalikavil Puthanveedu,Syam Krishnan,Amitha Radhakrishnan Nair 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2021 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.14 No.1

Chorea can be seen in association with polycythemia rubra vera (PV) or primary polycythemia, especially in elderly women. However, chorea due to secondary polycythemia is rare, and we report a case in an adolescent boy due to congenital cyanotic heart disease and its rewarding response to phlebotomy.

Characteristics and Biological Functions of Egg Yolk Lipids : Human and Animal Studies 제2주제

Gita, Cherian 仁濟大學校食品科學硏究所 2003 仁濟食品科學FORUM論叢 Vol.- No.10

[제 2 주제] Characteristics and Biological Functions of Egg Yolk Lipids: Human and Animal Studies

Gita Cherian 인제대학교 식품과학연구소 2003 仁濟食品科學FORUM論叢 Vol.10 No.-