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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of (TiZrHf)50(NiCoCu)50 High Entropy Alloys
Chih‑Hsuan Chen,Yue‑Jin Chen,Jia‑Jyun Shen 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.5
The microstructure and mechanical properties of pseudo-binary (TiZrHf)50(NiCoCu)50 high entropy alloys(HEAs) with B2 matrix were investigated in this study. The studied HEAs includes Ti40Zr10Ni40Co5Cu5,Ti30Zr20Ni30Co10Cu10,Ti25Zr25Ni16.67Co16.67Cu16.67,Ti30Zr10Hf10Ni30Co10Cu10,Ti20Zr15Hf15Ni20Co15Cu15,andTi16.67Zr16.67Hf16.67Ni16.67Co16.67Cu16.67. XRD and SEM analyses revealed that all studied HEAs were a mixture of B2 andC15 intermetallic phases, instead of a single solid solution, due to their highly negative enthalpy of mixing and the relativelylarge difference in atomic radii. The B2 matrix was found capable of forming a solid solution of all six elements in a widecomposition range. The lattice constants of B2 and C15 phases increase linearly with increasing the difference in atomicradii. Additionally, the microhardness of these HEAs increases from 409 to 595 HV with the increasing difference in atomicradii as well. Compression tests demonstrated substitution of Zr with Hf can improve the ductility. In all studied HEAs, theTi30Zr10Hf10Ni30Co10Cu10HEA achieves a great balance between yield strength, ultimate compressive strength, and fracturestrain of 1574 MPa, 1933 MPa, and 6.5%, respectively.
( Chen-hua Liu ),( Chi-yi Chen ),( Wei-wen Su ),( Chun-jen Liu ),( Ching-chu Lo ),( Ke-jhang Huang ),( Jyh-jou Chen ),( Kuo-chih Tseng ),( Chi-yang Chang ),( Cheng-yuan Peng ),( Yu-lueng Shih ),( Chia 대한간학회 2021 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.27 No.4
Background/Aims: Real-world studies assessing the effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) plus ribavirin (RBV) for Child-Pugh B/C hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis are limited. Methods: We included 107 patients with Child-Pugh B/C HCV-related cirrhosis receiving SOF/VEL plus RBV for 12 weeks in Taiwan. The sustained virologic response rates at off-treatment week 12 (SVR<sub>12</sub>) for the evaluable population (EP), modified EP, and per-protocol population (PP) were assessed. The safety profiles were reported. Results: The SVR<sub>12</sub> rates in the EP, modified EP and PP were 89.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.5-94.2%), 94.1% (95% CI, 87.8-97.3%), and 100% (95% CI, 96.2-100%). Number of patients who failed to achieve SVR<sub>12</sub> were attributed to virologic failures. The SVR<sub>12</sub> rates were comparable regardless of patient characteristics. One patient discontinued treatment because of adverse events (AEs). Twenty-four patients had serious AEs and six died, but none were related to SOF/VEL or RBV. Among the 96 patients achieving SVR<sub>12</sub>, 84.4% and 64.6% had improved Child-Pugh and model for endstage liver disease (MELD) scores. Multivariate analysis revealed that a baseline MELD score ≥15 was associated with an improved MELD score of ≥3 (odds ratio, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.16-14.71; P=0.02). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 1 had more significant estimated glomerular filtration rate declines than patients with CKD stage 2 (-0.42 mL/min/1.73 ㎡/month; P=0.01) or stage 3 (-0.56 mL/min/1.73 ㎡/month; P<0.001). Conclusions: SOF/VEL plus RBV for 12 weeks is efficacious and well-tolerated for Child-Pugh B/C HCV-related cirrhosis. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2021;27:575-588)
Chih-Ta Chen,Li-Zhu Liao,Ching-Hui Lu,Yung-Hsuan Huang,Yu-Kie Lin,Jung-Hsin Lin,Lu-Ping Chow 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-
Limited therapeutic options are available for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma owing to its poor diagnosis. Drug resistance to sorafenib, the only available targeted agent, is commonly reported. The comprehensive elucidation of the mechanisms underlying sorafenib resistance may thus aid in the development of more efficacious therapeutic agents. To clarify the signaling changes contributing to resistance, we applied quantitative phosphoproteomics to analyze the differential phosphorylation changes between parental and sorafenib-resistant HuH-7 cells. Consequently, an average of ~1500 differential phosphoproteins were identified and quantified, among which 533 were significantly upregulated in resistant cells. Further bioinformatic integration via functional categorization annotation, pathway enrichment and interaction linkage analysis led to the discovery of alterations in pathways associated with cell adhesion and motility, cell survival and cell growth and the identification of a novel target, EphA2, in resistant HuH-7R cells. In vitro functional analysis indicated that the suppression of EphA2 function impairs cell proliferation and motility and, most importantly, overcomes sorafenib resistance. The attenuation of sorafenib resistance may be achieved prior to its development through the modulation of EphA2 and the subsequent inhibition of Akt activity. Binding analyses and in silico modeling revealed a ligand mimic lead compound, prazosin, that could abate the ligand-independent oncogenic activity of EphA2. Finally, data obtained from in vivo animal models verified that the simultaneous inhibition of EphA2 with sorafenib treatment can effectively overcome sorafenib resistance and extend the projected survival of resistant tumor-bearing mice. Thus our findings regarding the targeting of EphA2 may provide an effective approach for overcoming sorafenib resistance and may contribute to the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Dental arch wires with tooth-like color
Chen, Sinn-Wen,Wu, Hsin-Jay,Liu, Chih-Hao,Chien, Yuan-Chun,Hu, Chih-Chang Techno-Press 2012 Advances in materials research Vol.1 No.1
Unique tooth-like (milky white) color ${\beta}$-Ti dental arch wires are prepared by anodization in a 1M $H_2SO_4$ electrolyte at $30^{\circ}C$ and 30 V for 88 min and 40 s. Aggregates are formed on these surfaces of the anodized wires with tooth-like colors, and the results are different from those of the anodized wires with monochromatic colors which have smooth oxide surfaces. Similar to the monochromatic wires, the composition of the oxide layer is $TiO_{2-x}$ and the x approaches zero at the outer layer. But different from the amorphous structure observed in monochromatic wires, the oxide layers are partially crystallized with an anatase structure. The milky white colors result from the rough and crystalized oxide layers, not by the interference effect as observed in monochromatic wires.
Pricing and Hedging European Energy Derivatives: A Case Study of WTI Oil Options
Chih-Chen Hsu,Shih-Kuei Lin,Ting-Fu Chen 한국증권학회 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.43 No.3
This study extends the mean-reversion dynamic framework of (Pilipovic, Energy risk: Valuingand managing energy derivatives, 1997) and (Schwartz, The stochastic behavior of commodityprices: Implications for pricing and hedging, Journal of Finance 52, 1997, 923) and focuses ondeveloping a variety of continuous-time commodity-pricing and hedging models by analyzingthe pricing and hedging errors found in an empirical investigation of options contracts onlight sweet crude oil traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange. Thus, this study contributesto furthering the applicability of the models developed. The inclusion of the benchmarkBlack-Scholes pricing model generates systematic biases that are consistent with (Bakshi, Caoand Chen, Handbook of Quantitative Finance and Risk Management, 2010). The mean-reversionjump-diffusion and seasonality option-pricing model best describes the extreme pricevolatility experienced during a financial collapse, but the mean-reversion and seasonalityoption-pricing model offers the best pricing and hedging capability for other periods. Theperformances of hedging models are generally consistent with pricing errors.
REVIEW : Intestinal Stricture in Crohn`s Disease
( Chen Wang Chang ),( Jau Min Wong ),( Chien Chih Tung ),( I Lun Shih ),( Horng Yuan Wang ),( Shu Chen Wei ) 대한장연구학회 2015 Intestinal Research Vol.13 No.1
Crohn`s disease (CD) is a disease with chronic inflammation of unknown etiology involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The incidence and prevalence of CD are increasing recently in Asia. Half of the CD patients will have intestinal complica-tions, such as strictures or fistulas, within 20 years after diagnosis. Twenty-five percentage of CD patients have had at least one small bowel stricture and 10% have had at least one colonic stricture and lead to significant complications. Most of these pa-tients will require at least one surgery during their lifetime. Early diagnosis and evaluation with adequate managements for the patients can prevent disability and mortality of these patient. Here, we reviewed the current incidence of CD with stricture, the etiology of stricture, and how to diagnose and manage the stricture. (Intest Res 2015;13:19-26)
Graphite-based selectorless RRAM: improvable intrinsic nonlinearity for array applications
Chen, Ying-Chen,Hu, Szu-Tung,Lin, Chih-Yang,Fowler, Burt,Huang, Hui-Chun,Lin, Chao-Cheng,Kim, Sungjun,Chang, Yao-Feng,Lee, Jack C. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Nanoscale Vol.10 No.33
<P>Selectorless graphite-based resistive random-access memory (RRAM) has been demonstrated by utilizing the intrinsic nonlinear resistive switching (RS) characteristics, without an additional selector or transistor for low-power RRAM array application. The low effective dielectric constant value (<I>k</I>) layer of graphite or graphite oxide is utilized, which is beneficial in suppressing sneak-path currents in the crossbar RRAM array. The tail-bits with low nonlinearity can be manipulated by the positive voltage pulse, which in turn can alleviate variability and reliability issues. Our results provide additional insights for built-in nonlinearity in 1<I>R</I>-only selectorless RRAMs, which are applicable to the low-power memory array, ultrahigh density storage, and in-memory neuromorphic computational configurations.</P>
( Chih Chun Hsieh ),( Tao Chih Chang ),( Dong Yih Lin ),( Ming Che Chen ),( Wei Te Wu ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.5
The purpose of this study is to investigate the precipitation characteristics of σ phase in the fusion zone of stainless steel welds at various welding passes during a tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process. The morphology, quantity, and chemical composition of the δ-ferrite and σ phase were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), a ferritscope (FS), a X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), and a wavelength dispersive spectrometer (WDS), respectively. Massive δ-ferrite was observed in the fusion zone of the first pass welds during welding of dissimilar stainless steels. The σ phase precipitated at the inner δ-ferrite particles and decreased δ-ferrite content during the third pass welding. The σ and δ phases can be stabilized by Si element, which promoted the phase transformation of δ→σ + γ2 in the fusion zone of the third pass welds. It was found that the σ phase was a Fe-Cr-Si intermetallic compound found in the fusion zone of the third pass welds during multi-pass welding.