The Difference that Differences Make

Chao-ju CHEN 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2007 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.13 No.3

This article reviews feminist reflections on the politics of difference and examines the possibility of Asian feminism and its theoretical ground. I begin this article with a discussion on how a critique of the difference of ‘Asian women’ under western eyes-a difference that reveals the hierarchy of power-requires us to resist the western gaze. Such resistance can encourage one to explore and to theorize Asian feminism and this process of exploring and theorizing involves a critical reflection on the place of Asia in the multiculturalism-and-feminism debate. I suggest that differentiated universalism, which calls for inclusion of differences as well as universal moral commitment, should serve as the ground for Asian feminism.

Becoming “Outsiders Within”: A Feminist Social-Legal Study of Surname Inequality as Sex, Race, and Marital Status Discrimination in Taiwan

Chen Chao-ju 서울대학교 아시아태평양법연구소 2018 Journal of Korean Law Vol.18 No.1

This article is a social-legal inquiry into the inequality of surnames in Taiwan and an endeavor to deliberate on its theoretical implications so as to fashion an account of East Asian feminist jurisprudence for surname inequality as sex, race, and marital status discrimination in Taiwan. Taiwan is a country where patronymic naming for children still prevails but patronymic naming for married women (prefixing husband’s surname) has become rare, and where marital name law and children’s name law have been reformulated in a gender-neutral fashion and in a contract model. Married women have become name keepers, but mothers remain outsiders within. Tracing the different trajectories of marital names and children’s names in life and law, this article discusses how and why surname equality remains a goal rather than a reality in Taiwan despite liberal legal reform that has abolished patronymic rules and the prohibition against using indigenous people’s traditional names, while also acknowledges the law’s power to change. It begins with an investigation into the development and practices of marital surname law, followed by a critique of children’s surname law by revealing the different faces of discrimination against different mothers as outsiders, and ends with a discussion of the limitations of liberal law reform and with a proposal for change. It will be revealed that women’s experience as well as feminist legal mobilization facilitated the change of law, and that women’s situation under law varies in accordance to their marital and ethnic status. It will be argued that the formal transition of name laws from status to contract creates a “republic of choices” which does not deliver equality, and “status-contract” as well as free choice continue to legitimatize name inequality. It will also be argued that equality demands a more radical change of name laws beyond the formal equality paradigm, and the reformulation of default and altering rules and the introduction of framing rules provide a possible way forward. The conclusion of this article touches on the implications of the legalization of same-sex marriage and same-sex parenthood as a future hope and challenge for name equality.

Central limit theorem for weighted local time of $L^2$ modulus of fractional Brownian motion

Chen, Chao,Yan, Litan,Ju, Cheng 한국통계학회 2012 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.41 No.4

In this paper, we mainly prove a central limit theorem for weighted local time of $L^2$-modulus of fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter $H{\in}(\frac{1}{2},\;1)$. Similar to Hu and Nualart (2009), based on techniques of stochastic analysis, the main ingredients of the proof are analogous to the asymptotic version of Knight's theorem and the fractional Clark-Ocone formula for the $L^2$-modulus of the weighted local time increments.

Pseudomyogenic Hemangioendothelioma in a 30-Year-Old Man: A Rare Case Report

( Chao-yu Liao ),( Chao-kuei Juan ),( Chi-shun Yang ),( Yi-ju Chen ) 대한피부과학회 2019 Annals of Dermatology Vol.31 No.5

Central limit theorem for weighted local time of L2 modulus of fractional Brownian motion

Chao Chen,Litan Yan,Cheng Ju 한국통계학회 2012 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.41 No.4

In this paper, we mainly prove a central limit theorem for weighted local time of L2-modulus of fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H ∈ (12, 1). Similar to Hu and Nualart (2009), based on techniques of stochastic analysis, the main ingredients of the proof are analogous to the asymptotic version of Knight’s theorem and the fractional Clark–Ocone formula for the L2-modulus of the weighted local time increments.

Effectiveness of multilingual chemotherapeutic care instruction videos for patients with lung cancer

Chun-Ju Yen,Ying-Ju Chen,Pei-Chao Lin 한국간호과학회 2019 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.10

Survival benefit of patients with early-stage ovarian carcinoma treated with paclitaxel chemotherapeutic regimens

Chien-An Chen,Chun-Ju Chiang,Yun-Yuan Chen,San-Lin You,Shu-Feng Hsieh,Chao-Hsiun Tang,Wen-Fang Cheng 대한부인종양학회 2018 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.29 No.1

Objective: Adjuvant chemotherapy was introduced in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer (OC). The benefit of standard chemotherapeutic regimens including taxane has not been established. Methods: Patients with early-stage OC from the National Health Insurance Research database of Taiwan who received platinum plus cyclophosphamide (CP) or platinum plus paclitaxel (PT) for 3–6 cycles were recruited, and the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined. Results: A total of 1,510 early-stage OC patients, including 841 who received CP regimen and 699 who received PT regimen, were included. The 2 groups had a similar estimated probability of 5-year DFS (PT vs. CP, 79.0% vs. 77.6%; p=0.410) and OS (84.6% vs. 84.3%; p=0.691). Patients >50 years of age who received the CP regimen had a lower 5-year DFS than the patients ≤50 years of age who received the CP (p<0.001) or PT regimens (p=0.001). Additionally, patients >50 years of age who received the CP regimen had a worse 5-year OS compared with the other 3 groups (p=0.019) (p=0.179 for patients >50 years of age in the PT group; p=0.002 for patients ≤50 years of age in the CP group; and p=0.061 for patients ≤50 years of age in the PT group). Patients with the CP or PT regimen for 3–5 cycles had a similar 5-year DFS and OS compared to 6 cycles (p>0.050). Conclusion: Chemotherapeutic regimens with taxane could be recommended for early-stage OC patients >50 years of age.

Fermentation Optimization and Industrialization of Recombinant Saccharopolyspora erythraea Strains for Improved Erythromycin A Production

Xiang Zou,Chang-fa Chen,Xia-chang Qi,Jiang-chao Qian,Ju Chu,Ying-ping Zhuang,Si-liang Zhang,Wei Zeng,Wan-jun Li 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.6

Improvement of Erythromycin A (Er-A) production and purity by metabolic engineering of the industrial erythromycin-producing strains Saccharopolyspora erythraea strians ZL1004 and ZL1007, in which the amounts of tailoring enzymes EryK (a P450 hydroxylase)and EryG (an S-adenosylmethionine-dependent O-methyltransferase)for biotransformation of Erythromycin D to Er-A were modulated, was performed in a 50 L fermentor. Addition of 15 g/L of corn steep liquor to the medium increased Er-A production; maximum Er-A production was 8,196 U/mL at 191 h, which was 81.8% higher than that of control (4,507 U/mL at 184 h). Er-B impurities were completely eliminated, whereas Er-C impurities were only 153 U/mL at 191 h. Analysis of intra- and extracellular metabolites and key enzyme activities in central carbon metabolism revealed that the pool of TCA cycle intermediates was enhanced by the addition of corn steep liquor and induced an increase in erythromycin biosynthesis. There were no significant differences between strains ZL1004 and ZL1007 regarding Er-A production and impurity accumulation. Compared to wild type strain,Er-A production was improved by 23.9% while Er-C was reduced by 83.9% and Er-B was completely eliminated. Furthermore, fermentation of recombinant strain ZL1004was successfully scaled up from laboratory scale (50 L fermentor) to industrial scale (25 and 132 m3), with similar levels of Er-A production and purity obtained.

Depression and APOEε4 Status in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis

Yue-ping Huang,Ju-jun Xue,Chao Li,Xi Chen,Hong-juan Fu,Teng Fei,Peng-xiang Bi 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.9

Objective To evaluate the associative role of depression and apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (APOEε4) in subjective cognitive decline(SCD) and its progression to objective cognitive decline. Methods After literature search in electronic databases, studies were selected by following precise eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the role of APOEε4 and depression in SCD or its progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. Results APOEε4 positivity was not different between SCD and normal individuals but was significantly higher in individuals with SCD plus than in normal individuals [odds ratio: 2.39 (95% CI: 1.87, 3.05); p<0.00001] and in SCD converters than in non-converters [odds ratio: 5.19 (95% CI: 2.36, 11.42); p<0.00001]. Depression was significantly higher in individuals with SCD [standardized mean difference: 0.63 (0.45, 0.82); p<0.00001] and SCD plus [standardized mean difference: 0.83 (0.43, 1.22); p<0.0001] than in normal individuals. However, depression was not different between SCD and MCI or between SCD converters and non-converters. Age of SCD converters was higher than non-converters [mean difference: 2.95 years (0.58, 5.31)]. Conclusion Whereas APOEε4 positivity was higher in SCD plus and SCD converters, depression was higher in SCD and SCD plus but was not different between SCD and MCI.

Ginsenoside compound K reduces the progression of Huntington's disease via the inhibition of oxidative stress and overactivation of the ATM/AMPK pathway

Kuo-Feng Hua,A-Ching Chao,Ting-Yu Lin,Wan-Tze Chen,Yu-Chieh Lee,Wan-Han Hsu,Sheau-Long Lee,Hsin-Min Wang,Ding-I. Yang,Tz-Chuen Ju 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.4

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion oftrinucleotide CAG repeat in the Huntingtin (Htt) gene. The major pathogenic pathways underlying HDinvolve the impairment of cellular energy homeostasis and DNA damage in the brain. The protein kinaseataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is an important regulator of the DNA damage response. ATM isinvolved in the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), suggesting that AMPK plays acritical role in response to DNA damage. Herein, we demonstrated that expression of polyQ-expandedmutant Htt (mHtt) enhanced the phosphorylation of ATM. Ginsenoside is the main and most effectivecomponent of Panax ginseng. However, the protective effect of a ginsenoside (compound K, CK) in HDremains unclear and warrants further investigation. Methods: This study used the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD and performed behavioral tests,survival rate, histological analyses, and immunoblot assays. Results: The systematic administration of CK into R6/2 mice suppressed the activation of ATM/AMPK andreduced neuronal toxicity and mHTT aggregation. Most importantly, CK increased neuronal density andlifespan and improved motor dysfunction in R6/2 mice. Conversely, CK enhanced the expression of Bcl2protected striatal cells from the toxicity induced by the overactivation of mHtt and AMPK. Conclusions: Thus, the oral administration of CK reduced the disease progression and markedlyenhanced lifespan in the transgenic mouse model (R6/2) of HD.