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Kuo-Feng Hua,Chia-Yang Li,Feng-Ling Yang,Shih-Hsiung Wu 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
The capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of pyogenic liver abscessKlebsiella pneumoniaeconsists of repeating units of the trisaccharide (→3)-□-D-Glc-(1→4)-[2,3-(S)-pyruvate]-□-D-GlcA-(1→4)-□-L-Fuc-(1→) and has the unusual feature of extensive pyruvation of glucuronic acid and acetylation of C2-OH or C3-OH of fucose. The present study investigates how CPS activates human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). Our experimental results show that CPS activates DCs by (1) increasing the expression of CD11c, CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86, and MHC-II (2) increasing the production of TNF-□, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12p70 (3) increasing DC-elicited allogeneic T-cell proliferation, and (4) increasing the DC-driven Th1 response. In addition, CPS activates DCs through TLR4 and the pyruvation and the acetylation of CPS are important for its cytokine induction activity. Further, our results show that CPS activates TNF-□ and IL-6 secretion through JNK1/2, p38, NF-B,- PKC and ROS pathways in DCs.
Kuo-Feng Hua,A-Ching Chao,Ting-Yu Lin,Wan-Tze Chen,Yu-Chieh Lee,Wan-Han Hsu,Sheau-Long Lee,Hsin-Min Wang,Ding-I. Yang,Tz-Chuen Ju 고려인삼학회 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.4
Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion oftrinucleotide CAG repeat in the Huntingtin (Htt) gene. The major pathogenic pathways underlying HDinvolve the impairment of cellular energy homeostasis and DNA damage in the brain. The protein kinaseataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is an important regulator of the DNA damage response. ATM isinvolved in the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), suggesting that AMPK plays acritical role in response to DNA damage. Herein, we demonstrated that expression of polyQ-expandedmutant Htt (mHtt) enhanced the phosphorylation of ATM. Ginsenoside is the main and most effectivecomponent of Panax ginseng. However, the protective effect of a ginsenoside (compound K, CK) in HDremains unclear and warrants further investigation. Methods: This study used the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD and performed behavioral tests,survival rate, histological analyses, and immunoblot assays. Results: The systematic administration of CK into R6/2 mice suppressed the activation of ATM/AMPK andreduced neuronal toxicity and mHTT aggregation. Most importantly, CK increased neuronal density andlifespan and improved motor dysfunction in R6/2 mice. Conversely, CK enhanced the expression of Bcl2protected striatal cells from the toxicity induced by the overactivation of mHtt and AMPK. Conclusions: Thus, the oral administration of CK reduced the disease progression and markedlyenhanced lifespan in the transgenic mouse model (R6/2) of HD.
Management and control of coccidiosis in poultry - A review
Rafiq Ahmad,Yu-Hsiang Yu,Kuo-Feng Hua,Wei-Jung Chen,Daniel Zaborski,Andrzej Dybus,Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao,Yeong-Hsiang Cheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.1
Poultry coccidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by an intracellular parasitic protozoan of the genus Eimeria. Coccidia-induced gastrointestinal inflammation results in large economic losses, hence finding methods to decrease its prevalence is critical for industry participants and academic researchers. It has been demonstrated that coccidiosis can be effectively controlled and managed by employing anticoccidial chemical compounds. However, as a result of their extensive use, anticoccidial drug resistance in Eimeria species has raised concerns. Phytochemical/herbal medicines (Artemisia annua, Bidens pilosa, and garlic) seem to be a promising strategy for preventing coccidiosis, in accordance with the "anticoccidial chemical-free" standards. The impact of herbal supplements on poultry coccidiosis is based on the reduction of oocyst output by preventing the proliferation and growth of Eimeria species in chicken gastrointestinal tissues and lowering intestinal permeability via increased epithelial turnover. This review provides a thorough up-to-date assessment of the state of the art and technologies in the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens, including the most used phytochemical medications, their mode of action, and the applicable legal framework in the European Union.