Nanoconfinement-mediated Cancer Theranostics

Changsun Kang,Dongin Kim 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.1

Despite various therapeutic or diagnostic developments,cancer is still one of the most lethal diseases due toinsuffi ciently adequate treatments and the delay of the earlystage of disease detection. An image-guided drug deliverysystem (IGDDS), as a real-time noninvasive imagingassessment of therapeutic response, has the strong potentialto improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer becauseits imaging property off ers the quantifi cation of nanomedicineat the intended disease sites, the possible assurance ofadequate treatment and elimination of undesirable delay ofearly-stage diagnosis due to low resolution. One of potentialmodality that overcomes these challenges could be thenanoconfi nement of gold (Au) nanoparticles within othernanoparticles called "Particle-in-Particle (PIP)", which is astrong candidate of cancer treatment because of its "theranostic(therapy + diagnostics)" advantages including imaging(e.g., CT) and therapeutic hyperthermia application. Inthis review, we will elaborate on the current application oftheranostic by nanoconfi nement. Then, we will narrow downthe gold nanoparticle-mediated theranostic application andits nanoconfi nement advantages. Finally, the future directionfor maximum nanoconfi nement mediated cancer therapy willbe included.

Fibrin-Targeted and H₂O₂-Responsive Nanoparticles as a Theranostics for Thrombosed Vessels

Kang, Changsun,Gwon, Sian,Song, ChulGyu,Kang, Peter M.,Park, Seong-Cheol,Jeon, Jongho,Hwang, Do Won,Lee, Dongwon American Chemical Society 2017 ACS NANO Vol.11 No.6

<P>A thrombus (blood clot) is formed in injured vessels to maintain the integrity of vasculature. However, obstruction of blood vessels by thrombosis slows blood flow, leading to death of tissues fed by the artery and is the main culprit of various life-threatening cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we report a rationally designed nano medicine that could specifically image obstructed vessels and inhibit thrombus formation. On the basis of the physicochemical and biological characteristics of thrombi such as an abundance of fibrin and an elevated level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we developed a fibrin-targeted imaging and antithrombotic nanomedicine, termed FTIAN, as a theranostic system for obstructive thrombosis. FTIAN inhibited the generation of H2O2 and suppressed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in activated platelets, demonstrating its intrinsic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet activity. In a mouse model of ferric chloride (FeCl3)-induced carotid thrombosis, FTIAN specifically targeted the obstructive thrombus and significantly enhanced the fluorescence/photoacoustic signal. When loaded with the antiplatelet drug tirofiban, FTIAN remarkably suppressed thrombus formation. Given its thrombus-specific imaging along with excellent therapeutic activities, FTIAN offers tremendous translational potential as a nanotheranostic agent for obstructive thrombosis.</P>

Nonlinear Tire Inverse Model for Integrated Chassis Control System

Boryeon Kang,Wanki Cho,Changsun Ahn 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

Advanced vehicle dynamics control systems, such as integrated chassis control systems, are generally designed in a two layers structure: a tire force determination layer, and a tire force generation layer. The tire force generation layer works as a servo function that follows the force commands from the force determination layer. Therefore, the tire force generation layer should not require a lot of computing resources. This paper presents an inverse tire model that calculates required slip ratios and slip angles when tire forces are commanded. The inverse tire model is based on a nonlinear tire model that is sufficiently complex and, thus, can capture the nonlinear characteristics of tires. Because mathematical inversion of the nonlinear tire model is challenging, recursive methods can be considered for an inverse model. However, recursive methods, such as Newton Raphson method, do not guarantee the fixed time span required for finishing the computation. This paper presents a method for inverse tire model that does not require recursive computations.

Comparative analysis of viral concentration methods for detecting the HAV genome using real-time RT-PCR amplification.

Lee, Kang Bum,Lee, Hyeokjin,Ha, Sang-Do,Cheon, Doo-Sung,Choi, Changsun Springer New York 2012 Food and environmental virology Vol.4 No.2

<P>Hepatitis A is a major infectious disease epidemiologically associated with foodborne and waterborne outbreaks. Molecular detection using real-time RT-PCR to detect the hepatitis A virus (HAV) in contaminated vegetables can be hindered by low-virus recoveries during the concentration process and by natural PCR inhibitors in vegetables. This study evaluated three virus concentration methods from vegetables: polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, ultrafiltration (UF), and immunomagnetic separation (IMS). UF was the most efficient concentration method, while PEG and IMS were very low for the recovery rate of HAV. These results demonstrate that UF is the most appropriate method for recovering HAV from contaminated vegetables and that this method combined with the real-time RT-PCR assay may be suitable for routine laboratory use.</P>

Automatic Take-off and Landing of the Small Scaled Tilt Rotor UAV based on Single GPS/INS

Youngshin Kang,Bumjin Park,Yushin Kim,Changsun Yoo,Samok Koo,Seongpil Kim 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

A small scaled night model of the tilt rotor aircraft for the Smart UAV Program at KARl (Korea Aerospace Research Institute) has been developed and tested. The night test of automatic take off and landing of the small scaled model was performed as the final test phase. The control laws for automatic take off and landing was designed based on a single GPS/INS. Since the error of single GPS/INS was nut negligible so that an automatic landing algorithm with the sensor error was considered. The night test procedure for the automatic take off and landing was considered to prove the performance of a single GPS/INS sensor and flight characteristics of small tilt rotor aircraft The test procedure was scheduled as an automatic take off, a climb with acceleration while point turn, an change of the turn point. a descent with deceleration in point turn, an automatic approach to hover, and an automatic landing. All of the control inputs were made by an internal pilot (IP). The night test results and the detailed procedure of the night test for the automatic takeoff and landing of the small scaled lilt rotor aircraft is presented in this paper.

Oral intake of anti-hangover substance increases metabolizing capacity of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 in rat model: new therapeutic potentials for chronic itch?

( Bossng Kang ),( Chae Young Bang ),( Se Young Choung ),( Kyungwoo Choi ),( Changsun Kim ),( Yaejin Hutchison ),( Hyuk Joong Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH 2) metabolizes acetaldehyde, the major cause of alcohol hangover symptoms. It also detoxifies endogenouscytotoxic aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal. Oxidative stress promotes lipid peroxidation of cellular membrane, leading to accumulation of reactive aldehydes that contribute to itch signaling via mast cell degranulation and activation of TRPA1 on sensory neuron. A variety of anti-hangover products are available, however, almost none of them has been proven to show enhanced metabolizing capacity of ALDH 2 in a live subject. Objectives: We aimed to test a specific product of interest. Methods: A powder sample of anti-hangover product (KISLip, Pico Entech, Korea) was examined by in vitro & in vivo experiments to measure the amount of NADH formation, generated through catalytic conversion of acetaldehyde. In-vivo examination tested the ethanol and acetaldehyde level in blood of rats with oral infusion of substance before or after ethanol intake. Results: The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase & aldehyde dehydrogenase within the anti-hangover substance were 1.84 unit/g and 0.28 unit/g. The oxidation capacities in rats were dose-dependently increased after substance gavages. Particularly, the cases with oral intake of substance 220 mg/kg after 1hr of ethanol intake have shown more meaningful decreases in acetaldehyde level in blood. Conclusion: Oral intake of anti-hangover substance potentially enhanced ALDH 2 capacity within circulation

Hepatitis E Virus Methyltransferase Inhibits Type I Interferon Induction by Targeting RIG-I

( Sangmin Kang ),( Changsun Choi ),( Insoo Choi ),( Kwi-nam Han ),( Seong Woon Roh ),( Jongsun Choi ),( Joseph Kwon ),( Mi-kyung Park ),( Seong-jun Kim ),( Jinjong Myoung ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.9

The type I interferons (IFNs) play a vital role in activation of innate immunity in response to viral infection. Accordingly, viruses have evolved to employ various survival strategies to evade innate immune responses induced by type I IFNs. For example, hepatitis E virus (HEV) encoded papain-like cysteine protease (PCP) has been shown to inhibit IFN activation signaling by suppressing K63-linked de-ubiquitination of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), thus effectively inhibiting down-stream activation of IFN signaling. In the present study, we demonstrated that HEV inhibits polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C))-induced IFN-β transcriptional induction. Moreover, by using reporter assay with individual HEV-encoded gene, we showed that HEV methyltransferase (MeT), a nonstructural protein, significantly decreases RIG-I-induced IFN-β induction and NF-κB signaling activities in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, we report here that MeT, along with PCP, is responsible for the inhibition of RIG-I-induced activation of type I IFNs, expanding the list of HEV-encoded antagonists of the host innate immunity.

Flight Test Results of Automatic Tilt Control for Small Scaled Tilt Rotor Aircraft

Youngshin Kang,Bumjin Park,Changsun Yoo,Yushin Kim,Samok Koo 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

A small scaled flight model of the tilt rotor aircraft for the Smart UAV Program at KARI(Korea Aerospace Research Institute) has been developed and tested. Since the flight characteristics of a tilt rotor aircraft are new to KARI, the scaled model was used as a test bed to evaluate the flight control algorithm for the full scale Smart UAV. The flight test of the small scaled model was performed after various ground tests including tethered hover test. The control laws in initial phase consist of rate SAS feedbacks, control surface mixers, a rotor governor and a manual tilt command path. A rate feedback SCAS control law was used in order to evaluate the flight characteristics of the tilt rotor aircraft. As the flight test proceeds, an attitude SCAS was added because the attitude of aircraft was not clearly recognized due to the small size and fast speed of the aircraft. The first full conversion to a fixed wing mode was made through the manual tilt command by the external pilot. And then the automatic conversion was successfully performed by speed hold command in compliance with a pre-defined conversion corridor. Several problems unexpected were found during flight tests including oscillation of long period mode near helicopter mode, a delayed response to the altitude command and etc. The flight test results of the small scaled tilt rotor aircraft using an automatic tilt control is described in this paper and the solutions of the problems noticed in the flight test are presented.

탑승객 열 쾌적성 향상을 위한 외기 도입량 제어 공기 분배 장치 개발

박창선(Changsun Park),김주훈(Joohun Kim),이동원(Dongwon Lee),이대웅(Daewoong Lee),강양보(Yangbo Kang) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6

In this paper, the effects of outdoor air (ram air) flowing into interior through an air handing unit (AHU) was studied. The passengers felt thermal discomfort when vehicle was driving at high speed at winter due to cold ram air into cabin. The amount of ram air that varies depending on the driving speed of the vehicles is controlled to improve the thermal discomfort and cabin ventilation of the occupants, and to prevent fogging of the windshield. The air pressure to the AHU against each driving speed of the vehicle was measured, and the opening angle of the intake door at the AHU and the feedback voltage of the servo motor were measured. Ram air control is changed the intake door mechanism installed in the AHU’s blower to select the fresh air, and developed a control logic to control the amount of ram air into the occupants. As the results, current AHU increase the inflow of ram air by more than 60% when the vehicle runs at high speed, while the developed AHU controls the amount of ram air to about 10% regardless of the vehicle speed.

Estimation of Vehicle Position and Velocity in Lane Coordinate using IMU-Camera Sensor Fusion

Weonmo Kang,Changsun Ahn 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11