Cancer signature ensemble integrating cfDNA methylation, copy number, and fragmentation facilitates multi-cancer early detection

Kim Su Yeon,Jeong Seongmun,Lee Wookjae,Jeon Yujin,Kim Yong-Jin,Park Seowoo,Lee Dongin,Go Dayoung,Song Sang-Hyun,Lee Sanghoo,Woo Hyun Goo,Yoon Jung-Ki,Park Young Sik,Kim Young Tae,Lee Se-Hoon,Kim Kwang 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing has demonstrated great potential for early cancer detection. However, most large-scale studies have focused only on either targeted methylation sites or whole-genome sequencing, limiting comprehensive analysis that integrates both epigenetic and genetic signatures. In this study, we present a platform that enables simultaneous analysis of whole-genome methylation, copy number, and fragmentomic patterns of cfDNA in a single assay. Using a total of 950 plasma (361 healthy and 589 cancer) and 240 tissue samples, we demonstrate that a multifeature cancer signature ensemble (CSE) classifier integrating all features outperforms single-feature classifiers. At 95.2% specificity, the cancer detection sensitivity with methylation, copy number, and fragmentomic models was 77.2%, 61.4%, and 60.5%, respectively, but sensitivity was significantly increased to 88.9% with the CSE classifier (p value < 0.0001). For tissue of origin, the CSE classifier enhanced the accuracy beyond the methylation classifier, from 74.3% to 76.4%. Overall, this work proves the utility of a signature ensemble integrating epigenetic and genetic information for accurate cancer detection.

도로 성토 시 인근 구조물에 각변위기준 적용에 있어 계측시스템의 한계성

김태형(Taehyung Kim),김동인(Dongin Kim),김윤태(Yuntae Kim),유상호(Sangho You),정용은(Youngeun Jung),김성웅(Sungwoung Kim) 한국지반환경공학회 2014 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.15 No.1

부등침하로 인한 각변위는 구조물의 안정성과 사용성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소 중 하나이다. 실무에서는 현재 Bjerrum이 제안한 각변위기준이 널리 사용되고 있다. 하지만 현재 도로 성토 현장에서 적용하고 있는 계측시스템은 구조물의 각변위를 적합하게 나타내지 못하고 있다. 이와 같은 문제는 충분하지 못한 계측 수, 부정확한 계측기 설치, 계측된 자료의 해석에 있어 각변위 기본개념의 잘못된 이해 등과 관련이 된다. 본 연구에서 도로 성토 현장에서 얻어진 데이터의 분석을 통해 이와 같은 문제점을 규명하였다. 도로 성토 현장에서 적용할 수 있는 자동화된 상대변위 계측시스템이라는 개선된 계측시스템을 제안하였다. Angular distortion due to differential settlement is one of the critical factors which influences on the stability and serviceability of a structure. The angular distortion criterion proposed by Bjerrum is generally used in practice. However, the measurement system used in field especially a road embankment site did not properly represent the angular distortion of a structure. The problem was related to the shortage and not proper installation of measurement gauges, and the incorrect understanding of the basic concept of angular distortion in interpretation of measurement data. These things were reveled by analyzing the measured data in the road embankment site. An improved measurement system has been suggested as a so-called “relative displacement measurement system” between columns with automatic measurement.

Hyperkalemia Detection in Emergency Departments Using Initial ECGs: A Smartphone AI ECG Analyzer vs. Board-Certified Physicians

Kim Donghoon,Jeong Joo,Kim Joonghee,Cho Youngjin,Park Inwon,Lee Sang-Min,Oh Young Taeck,Baek Sumin,Kang Dongin,Lee Eunkyoung,Jeong Bumi 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.45

Background: Hyperkalemia is a potentially fatal condition that mandates rapid identification in emergency departments (EDs). Although a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) can indicate hyperkalemia, subtle changes in the ECG often pose detection challenges. An artificial intelligence application that accurately assesses hyperkalemia risk from ECGs could revolutionize patient screening and treatment. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and reliability of a smartphone application, which utilizes camera-captured ECG images, in quantifying hyperkalemia risk compared to human experts. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of ED hyperkalemic patients (serum potassium ≥ 6 mmol/L) and their age- and sex-matched non-hyperkalemic controls. The application was tested by five users and its performance was compared to five board-certified emergency physicians (EPs). Results: Our study included 125 patients. The area under the curve (AUC)-receiver operating characteristic of the application’s output was nearly identical among the users, ranging from 0.898 to 0.904 (median: 0.902), indicating almost perfect interrater agreement (Fleiss’ kappa 0.948). The application demonstrated high sensitivity (0.797), specificity (0.934), negative predictive value (NPV) (0.815), and positive predictive value (PPV) (0.927). In contrast, the EPs showed moderate interrater agreement (Fleiss’ kappa 0.551), and their consensus score had a significantly lower AUC of 0.662. The physicians’ consensus demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.203, specificity of 0.934, NPV of 0.527, and PPV of 0.765. Notably, this performance difference remained significant regardless of patients’ sex and age (P < 0.001 for both). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a smartphone application can accurately and reliably quantify hyperkalemia risk using initial ECGs in the ED.

A Hybrid PLL Using Low-Power GRO-TDC for Reduced In-Band Phase Noise

Kim, Dongin,Cho, Seonghwan IEEE 2019 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. a publi Vol.66 No.2

<P>In this brief, we propose a hybrid phase locked loop (PLL) which employs a coarse resolution gated ring oscillator time-to-digital converter in the digital integral (I) path and a switched RC circuit in the analog proportional (P) path, which provide lower in-band noise than a bang-bang phase detector-based hybrid PLL (BB-HPLL). We also present noise analysis of the proposed PLL which shows that in-band noise can be further reduced by increasing the integral path gain, which is contrary to conventional design of BB-HPLLs where I path gain is minimized. A prototype chip fabricated in the 65-nm CMOS achieves 13-dB improvement of in-band phase noise compared to a conventional hybrid PLL and 2.08 ps<SUB>rms</SUB> jitter at 4.8 GHz, while consuming 2.22 mW from a 1.0-V supply.</P>

Effect of Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep on Fear of Cancer Progression in the Coronavirus Pandemic

Kim Harin,Cho Inn-Kyu,Lee Dongin,Kim Kyumin,Lee Joohee,Cho Eulah,Park C. Hyung Keun,Chung Seockhoon 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.36

Background: This study aimed to explore clinical correlates of fear of progression (FoP) among patients with cancer during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and examine the mediation effect of cancer-related dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (C-DBS). Methods: Medical charts of patients with cancer who visited a psycho-oncology clinic between July and November 2021 were reviewed. Baseline socio-demographic and cancer-related variables were collected. Patients’ self-report questionnaires, regarding FoP, depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items; PHQ-9), viral anxiety (Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items; SAVE-6), C-DBS, and other distress, were investigated. Pearson’s correlation and linear regression were performed to examine the risk factors of FoP. Mediation effect analysis with the bootstrap method with 2,000 resamples was implemented. Results: A total of 231 patients were included in the analysis. Linear regression revealed that FoP was predicted by age (β = −0.14, P = 0.003), PHQ-9 (β = 0.48, P < 0.001), SAVE-6 (β = 0.34, P < 0.001), and C-DBS (β = 0.15, P = 0.005). FoP was directly influenced by SAVE-6 and mediated by C-DBS, while it was directly influenced by PHQ-9 with no mediation effect. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the FoP of patients with cancer was associated with younger age, depression, viral anxiety, and C-DBS. Depression and viral anxiety directly influenced FoP, while C-DBS mediated the association between viral anxiety and FoP. Therefore, oncology healthcare professionals are recommended to assess C-DBS of their patients when they are highly distressed from FoP.

인삼 생리장해와 예정지관리의 상관관계

김동인(Dongin Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2011 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2011 No.10

중학교 1학년 학습자의 명사 인식 양상 분석

김동인 ( Kim Dongin ),김혜연 ( Kim Hyeyoun ) 국어교육학회 2021 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.56 No.3

본 연구는 중학교 1학년 학습자를 대상으로 명사 인식의 양상을 실증적으로 규명함으로써 명사 교육에의 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이에 110명의 중학교 1학년 학습자가 본 연구에 참여하였으며, 이들은 선행연구와 국어교육 전문가 평정 과정을 거쳐 확정된 27개 단어에 대해 명사와 비명사 여부, 명사의 추상성 여부를 묻는 명사 판별 과제를 수행하였다. 분석 결과에 따르면, 참여자의 명사 판별 수준은 비명사 판별 수준보다 유의하게 낮은 경향을 보였으며, 이는 판별된 단어의 추상명사 여부와 관련된 것으로 해석되었다. 한편, 개별 단어가 명사로 판별된 정도를 추산함으로써 어떤 단어들이 문법 오개념을 유발하였는지를 확인한 결과, 이러한 단어들 또한 추상명사에 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 중학생의 명사 교육에서 활용될 수 있는 효과적인 비계를 제안하는 등, 학습자 인식으로부터 출발하여 문법교육적 시사점을 도출한 점에서 본 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있다. This study empirically investigates the noun awareness of first-year students in middle school as grammar education learners to derive implications for education about nouns. Altogether, 110 participants in the first year of middle school engaged in a noun discrimination task with 27 words that were confirmed through prior research and an experts’ evaluation process. Results show that the learners’ noun discrimination level tended to be significantly lower than the non-noun discrimination level. Furthermore, this result was interpreted as being related to abstract nouns. By checking the noun identification of words, we also confirmed that the trigger for grammar misconceptualization is related to abstract nouns. Based on this, various topics such as scaffolding for middle school learners are discussed.

Two-stage trajectory planning for stable image acquisition of a fixed wing uav

Jonghun Kim,Daewoo Lee,Kyeumrae Cho,Jeongho Kim,Dongin Han IEEE 2014 IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic syst Vol.50 No.3

<P>We propose a two-stage trajectory planning (TSTP) method using monocular vision for keeping continuous surveillance or reconnaissance of a target, and for relaying communication between a ground vehicle and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The cost function for optimal trajectory includes the variation of the altitude and speed of the UAV to prevent sudden maneuvering. The position of the target in the image is also included in a cost function for continuous observation. A virtual image can be calculated from the relationship between the coordinates of the UAV and those of the camera. The proposed cost function can be affected to a greater degree than in generic optimization problems because it has the position of the target in the image. Therefore, TSTP is introduced to mitigate the problem induced by the image included in the cost function. TSTP consists of two stages of optimization. The stability of the UAV, and the relative distance between the target and the UAV on the horizontal plane, are optimized in the first stage. The results are used as initial guesses for the second stage to improve optimality. The second stage optimizes the stability of the UAV and the position of the target in the image. Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are employed to follow the optimized trajectory in both the lateral and longitudinal directions. Our simulation results show stable optimized trajectories, with a stable image and target tracking performance.</P>

머신텐딩을 위한 금속 물체의 파지 법선 추정에 관한 연구

신동인(Dongin Shin),조창노(Chang Nho Cho),김동엽(Kim, Dong Yeop),김태근(Tae-Keun Kim),정병진(Byungjin Jung),전세웅(Sewoong Jun),황정훈(Jung-Hoon Hwang) 대한전기학회 2022 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

액티브 네트워크 노드의 다중 수행환경을 제공하기 위한 기법 연구

김동인(Dongin Kim),이병기(Byungki Lee),조국현(Kukhyun Cho) 한국정보과학회 1999 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2Ⅲ

액티브 네트워크는 사용자의 급변하는 다양한 요구에 대응할 수 있는 서비스중심의 네트워크이다. 기존의 네트워크가 단순한 패킷 전달의 역할만을 담당했다면, 액티브 네트워크는 사용자가, 제공되는 망의 서비스외에 필요한 다른 서비스를 구성, 설치함으로써 학문적 또는 상업적으로 좀 더 능동적으로 망을 사용할 수 있게 해준다. 이러한 액티브 네트워크에서 기존의 제공 서비스들(패킷 전달, 라우팅, 전자메일등)과 함께, 사용자 혹은 망 관리자가 제공하는 서비스들이 공존하기 위해서는 망에 다양한 수행환경 (Execution Environment)이 존재해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 액티브 네트워크상의 노드들에 위치하는 다양한 수행환경을 구성하고, 이를 관리하는 기법과 다중 수행환경을 이용한 다중 가상 네트워크에 대해, 현재 시도되고 있는 실 예들을 분석하여 보고, 효율적인 수행환경 구성을 위한 조건을 제시한다.