Characteristics of sawdust cultivation of Lentinula edodes with different methods of spawn inoculation

Chang, Hyun You,Seo, Geum Hui,Lee, Yong Kuk,Jeon, Sung Woo The Korean Society of Mushroom Science 2018 한국버섯학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the management characteristics and growth performance of L. edodes from the cooling stage to incubation. Bags of different heights and weights are available for bagging. When the medium size of $17{\times}13cm$ was used and the size of the inoculation hole was changed from 1/3 to 2/3, the browning period was shortened to 30 days. Mycelial growth was evaluated according to the cooling temperature after sterilization. It was observed to be the highest at 122 mm/15 days at $10^{\circ}C$ and 114 mm/15 days and 117 mm/15 days at $15^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The contamination rate of the sawdust media before inoculation was measured as 0, $4.5{\times}10$, $1.3{\times}10^2$, $4.0{\times}10^3cfu$ at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$, and $24^{\circ}C$ respectively. The average of $1.6{\times}10^8$ colony forming units (cfu) of microorganisms was observed in the sawdust that had been piled for six months outdoors. In summer, the sawdust has to be used immediately after mixing. The sterilized medium had an average of $4{\times}10^3cfu$ of microorganisms at $24^{\circ}C$ and $1.3{\times}10^2cfu$ at $15^{\circ}C$. After 15 days of inoculation in vitro, the growth conditions of the sawdust was the best at 132 mm, followed by grain and liquid. When inoculated with liquid spawn, the moisture content of the substrate should be adjusted between 50% and 55% in advance.

일 산촌 지역의 음주 행태 변화- 6년 추적 조사 -

이유라(You-Ra Lee),신정호(Jong-Ho Shin),민성호(Seong-Ho Min),김태희(Tae-Hui Kim),김민혁(Min-Hyuck Kim),장형민(Hyung-Min Chang),박기창(Ki-Chang Park),안정숙(Joung-Sook Ah),전영안(Yong-An Jeon),장지숙(Jee-Sook Jang) 한국중독정신의학회 2005 중독정신의학 Vol.9 No.1

Objectives:This study was designed to find out the changes of alcohol use behavior and it’s attributing factors through two surveys conducted in 1998 and 2004 in a rural community. Methods:We selected 116 problem drinkers and 116 matched non-problem drinkers among 480 men of the first survey. We surveyed basic epidemiologic data and alcohol use behavior with several questionnaires. Results:The results were as follows : 1) Drinking amount and frequency decreased with increasing age. 2) More than half among previous problem drinkers did not show any significant change in their alcohol use behavior. 3) Most of previous non-problem drinkers maintained their past alcohol use behavior. 4) Continuous problem drinkers had larger amount of past alcohol drinking than no more problem drinkers. They had lower scores on awareness of negative consequence, higher scores on drinking for coping strategy of Alcohol Effects Questionnaire (AEQ) and higher scores on drinking urge to relieve hangover of the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ) than no more problem drinkers. 5) Continuous problem drinkers showed more smoking and earlier drinking than continuous non-problem drinkers. 6) Continuous problem drinkers became poorer than no more problem drinkers. Conclusions: Continuous problem drinking pattern was associated with larger amount of past alcohol drinking, higher drinking frequency, higher drinking urge to relieve hangover, higher use of drinking for coping strategy and less awareness of negative consequence.

Characteristics of sawdust cultivation of Lentinula edodes with different methods of spawn inoculation

Hyun You Chang,Geum Hui Seo,Yong Kuk Lee,Sung Woo Jeon 한국버섯학회 2018 한국버섯학회지 Vol.16 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the management characteristics and growth performance of L. edodes from the cooling stage to incubation. Bags of different heights and weights are available for bagging. When the medium size of 17x13 cm was used and the size of the inoculation hole was changed from 1/3 to 2/3, the browning period was shortened to 30 days. Mycelial growth was evaluated according to the cooling temperature after sterilization. It was observed to be the highest at 122 mm/15 days at 10 °C and 114 mm/15 days and 117 mm/15 days at 15 °C and 20 °C, respectively. The contamination rate of the sawdust media before inoculation was measured as 0, 4.5x10, 1.3x102, 4.0x103 cfu at 5 °C, 10 °C, 15 °C, and 24 °C respectively. The average of 1.6x108 colony forming units (cfu) of microorganisms was observed in the sawdust that had been piled for six months outdoors. In summer, the sawdust has to be used immediately after mixing. The sterilized medium had an average of 4x103 cfu of microorganisms at 24 °C and 1.3×102 cfu at 15 °C. After 15 days of inoculation in vitro, the growth conditions of the sawdust was the best at 132 mm, followed by grain and liquid. When inoculated with liquid spawn, the moisture content of the substrate should be adjusted between 50% and 55% in advance.

폐렴구균 균혈증에 의한 세균성 심내막염, 안구내염 및 화농성 관절염 1예

김주희 ( Joo Hui Kim ),조정민 ( Jung Min Jo ),신미선 ( Mi Seon Shin ),김민정 ( Min Jung Kim ),장유진 ( You Jin Chang ),임현 ( Hyun Lim ),최창민 ( Chang Min Choi ) 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회지 Vol.78 No.4

페렴구균 균혈증은 주로 만성적인 흡연, 최근의 호흡기계감염, 만성 폐질환 등의 국소 기전의 장애가 있거나, 고령, 장기간 스테로이드 사용, 만성 질환 등으로 전신적 면역 반응에 장애가 있는 경우에 보고된다. 악성종양 자체가 그 소인으로 알려져 있지는 않지만, 저자들은 폐암 환자에게서 발생한 폐렴구균 균혈증, 그로 인한 세균성 심내막염 및 내인성 안구내염, 화농성 관절염을 진단하여 이에 대한 감수성 있는 항생제 사용 및 조기 수술적 치료를 통해 경과 호전을 경험하여 보고하는 바이다. Pneumococcal endocarditis accompanied by pneumococcal bacteremia is a rare condition. However, its clinical course is typically aggressive and associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. We report a case of a 67-year-old male who had small cell lung cancer and was undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy, and who presented with pneumococcal bacteremia complicated by infective endocarditis, endogenous endophthalmitis, and septic arthritis of the wrist. He presented with fever, sudden blindness, and a systolic cardiac murmur. Blood cultures were positive for penicillin susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae. Despite appropriate treatment with intravenous and intravitreal antibiotics, destructive changes still appeared in his vitreous, mitral, and aortic valves. He underwent a vitrectomy and mitral and aortic valve replacement. We were able to prevent further embolic events with antibiotics and early surgical management. (Korean J Med 78:499-502, 2010)

경기도 북부에 소재한 開明山의 植物相

張珍成,金輝,張桂羨,金正猷 서울大學校農業生命科學大學附屬樹木園 2003 서울大學校 樹木園 硏究報告 Vol.- No.23

개명산 지역의 일반식물상을 밝히고 정밀한 식물분포 자료 및 특정식물종에 대한 정보를 구축하기 위하여 조사를 실시하였다. 개명산을 대상으로 총 6개 경로를 선정하여 조사를 실시하였다. 조사지역내에 1km×1km의 지도상의 격자를 33개 설치하여 각 격자 내에서 정밀한 식생과 특정식물종의 분포를 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 조사결과 개명산지역 산림에는 61과 124속 163종류의 식물이 자생하는 것으로 확인되었으며 특정식물종으로는 솔붓꽃 한 종류만이 발견되었다. 현재의 조사결과를 바탕으로 각 지역별 보전우선 지역을 파악한 결과 환경부의 특정식물종이 발견된 F2지역과 다양한 초본식생이 발견되는 C2, E2 지역에 대한 보전에 있어 우선순위가 부여되어야 하는 것으로 확인되었다. Mt. Gae-myeong (alt. 621.8m) and adjacent regions were investigated for floristic study using the GPS. Also, our current field work was intended to inventory rare and endangered plants using thirty three meshes and six routes. From this study, 163 taxa of 61 families and 124 genera were found and collected. Major vegetation type was composed of oak community here, such as Quercus serrata - Q. dentata - Q. mongolica - Q. acutissima. Also, many planted taxa, Larix kaempferi - Pinus rigida - Pinus koraiensis were easily found within the investigated area. Among many studied sites, three meshes, C2, E2, and F2 were found to be core area for protection.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Citrus Unshiu Peel by Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Lipopolysaccharideinduced RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

You-Chang OH,Won-Kyung CHO,Yun Hee JEONG,Jin Hui OH,Ga Young IM,Jin Yeul MA 한국생물공학회 2011 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Mycelial growth of Lentinula edodes in response to different mixing time, pressure intensity, and substrate porosity

Chang, Hyun You,Seo, Geum Hui,Lee, Yong Kuk,Jeon, Sung Woo The Korean Society of Mushroom Science 2017 한국버섯학회지 Vol.15 No.4

Biological efficiency (BE), the ratio of fresh mushrooms harvested per dry substrate weight, expressed as the percentage of Lentinula edodes, also known as shiitake, was determined using the 'Sanjo 701' strain stored in the Department of Mushroom at the Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries. The mycelia were grown in glass columns with varying levels of moisture content and varying mixing periods of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours. The substrate was sterilized using a steam pressure autoclave sterilizer at normal and high pressure to avoid contamination. The results showed that mycelial growth (126 mm/15 days) was optimized at 55% moisture content. The best mycelial growth of 117 mm/15 days was obtained with 2 hours of mixing time. Normal pressure sterilization yielded better results with mycelial growth of 96 mm/15 days at $100^{\circ}C$ compared to 88 mm /15 days with sterilization at $121^{\circ}C$. Mycelial density was higher, i.e. 3(+++), with normal pressure sterilization compared to 2(++) with high pressure sterilization. Furthermore, sawdust mixed with 5% woodchips increased the substrate porosity and yielded higher mycelial growth. Thus, we demonstrated that the optimum harvest or potential increased yield of shiitake can be obtained by modulating moisture content, mixing time, and substrate porosity.

Thermophile mushroom cultivation in Cambodia: Spawn production and development of a new substrate, acacia tree sawdust

Chang, Hyun-You,Huh, Youn-ju,Soeun, Pisey,Lee, Seung-ho,Song, Iva,Sophatt, Reaksmey,Seo, Geum-Hui The Korean Society of Mushroom Science 2016 한국버섯학회지 Vol.14 No.1

이 연구는, 느타리버섯과 풀버섯만 재배하던 캄보디아에서 영지버섯, 목이버섯 그리고 표고버섯 등과 같은 여러 종류의 고온성 버섯들의 종균을 생산하고, 캄보디아에서 생산되는 경제적이고 효율적인 새로운 버섯배지를 찾기 위해 시도되었다. 종균 및 버섯재배 배지로, 여러 종류의 유기물찌꺼기, 곡물, 그리고 톱밥이 사용되었다. 고무나무 톱밥배지에서 자란 균사 (10.9 cm/15일)는 곡물배지에서 자란 균사 (11.2 cm/15일)에 비해 성장이 조금 느렸지만, 고무나무 톱밥은 낮은 가격 및 취급의 용이성이 있어, 비싼 곡물종균을 대치할 수 있는 매우 적절한 배지인 것으로 나타났다. 버섯생산을 위해서, 고무나무톱밥(60.8% BE), 사탕수수박(60% BE), 그리고 아카시아나무 톱밥 등에 미강과 탄산칼슘을 혼합하여 사용하였는데, 사탕수수박과 고무나무 톱밥은 매우 비슷한 높은 생물학적 효율(BE)을 보여주었고, 아카시아나무 톱밥은 비교적 낮은 22.4%의 생물학적 효율을 보여주었다. 따라서 낮은 가격에 구입할 수 있는 아카시아톱밥이 현재 사용되고 있는 높은 가격의 배지들과 혼합하여 사용된다면 매우 가능성이 높은 새로운 배지가 될 수 있을 것으로 보였다. 현재, 사용되고 있는 톱밥의 가격 (20 kg 고무나무톱밥=6500 Riel 혹은 1.6 USD)과 비교했을 때, 아카시아톱밥의 가격(20 kg=1000Riel 혹은 0.25USD)이 매우 낮아 버섯의 생산에 투자되는 비용을 크게 줄여 경제성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. To minimize cultivation costs, prevent insect-pest infestation, and improve the production efficiency of thermophilic mushrooms, plant substrates obtained from local areas in Cambodia were used for production of both spawn and mushrooms. In this experiment, different sawdusts different organic wastes and grain ingredients and analyzed for improvement of spawn-production efficiency. Four thermophilic mushroom species, Pleurotus sajor-caju (oyster mushroom, Sambok), Ganoderma lucidum (deer horn shaped), Auricularia auricula (ear mushroom), and Lentinula edodes (shiitake), were used to identify efficient new substrates for spawn and mushroom production. Although the mycelia in the rubber tree sawdust medium showed a slightly slower growth rate (10.9 cm/15 days) than mycelia grown in grains (11.2 cm/15 days in rice seeds), rubber tree sawdust appeared to be an adequate replacement for grain spawn substrates. Th findings indicate that rubber tree sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, and acacia tree sawdust supplemented with rice bran and calcium carbonate could be new alternative the substrates for. Although sugarcane bagasse and rubber tree sawdust showed similarly high biological efficiencies (BE) of 60% and 60.8%, respectively, acacia tree sawdust exhibited relatively a low biological efficiency of 22.4%. However, it is expected that acacia sawdust has potential for the mushroom cultivation when supplemented with currently used sawdust substrates in Cambodia, because of its relatively low price. The price of the sawdust (20 kg sawdust= 6500 Riel or 1.6 USD) currently used was 6.5 times higher than the price of acacia sawdust (201000 Riel or 0.25 USD). Therefore, utilization for acacia sawdust for mushroom cultivation could become feasible as it would reduce by producing costs of mushrooms in rural areas of Cambodia.

Prepregnancy overweight reduces birth gestational age in women undergone prophylactic cerclage

( Chang Soo Shin ),( Won Kyu Choi ),( Jang Kew Kim ),( Hui Jun You ),( Jung Bo Yang ),( Young Bok Ko ),( Byung Hun Kang ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.98 No.-

To evaluate whether increasing prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) alters the efficacy of prophylactic cerclage in women with IIOC(Incompetent Internal Os of Cervix) Retrospective analysis of singletone pregnancy women undergone prophylactic cerclage with a history or ultrasound indicated from 1st january 2000 to 30th june 2012 in Chung-nam national university hospital. We analyzed pregnancy and perinatal outcomes according to the prepregnancy BMI[5 Groups; Group 1: BMI < 18.5 (=underweight), Group 2: 18.5 ≤ BMI < 23 (=normal), Group 3 : 23 ≤ BMI < 25 (=overweight), Group 4 : 25 ≤ BMI < 30 (=obese), Group 5 : 30 ≤ BMI (=seriously obese)] by ANOVA. Overall(n= 180), the average of preprgnancy BMI was 22.5, and that was associated with birth gestational age (GA)(p= 0.016), not associated with birth weight (p= 0.635). The birth GA in each group was calculated, Group 1 (n= 18) was 37.2 (weeks) , Group 2 (n= 92) ; 37.5, Group 3 (n= 25) ; 35.9, Group 4 (n= 33) ; 35.4, Group 5 (n= 10) ; 34.7, and in women whose prepregnancy BMI ≥ 23, the birth GA was 35.5, VS 37.4 in women with lower prepregnancy BMI. In addition, women of Group 4 delivered earlier than Group 2 (p= 0.047), but there was no significant difference among other groups. After prophylactic cerclage in women with IIOC, prepregnancy BMI was associated with birth GA, not birth weight. Prepregnancy overweight (BMI ≥ 23) are related to preterm birth of women undergone prophylactic cerclage.

Earth Environment and Education : strong El Nino modes and their teleconnection patterns

( You Soon Chang ),( Hui Soo An ),( Yong Hoon Youn ) 한국지구과학회 2004 지구과학 교육심포지엄 및 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2004 No.-