An Analytical Investigation on the Dancheong Pigments by Hyperspectral Technique : Focusing on Green Colors

Cham Hee Jung,Han Hyoung Lee,You Na Song,Kyeong Jin Min,Yong Jae Chung 한국문화재보존과학회 2019 보존과학회지 Vol.35 No.4

This study demonstrates the application of hyperspectral analysis as a pigment identification method for modern and contemporary Dancheong, the polychrome surface on traditional Korean wooden buildings. In particular, green pigments are the focus of this study. Green pigments in modern and contemporary Dancheong have the largest variation of materials and show a noticeable timeline. Thus, they are most suitable for estimating the manufacture or restoration period of Dancheong. Hyperspectral analysis is a noncontact, long-distance measurement technique that has advantages in the field of Dancheong analysis. It is capable of identifying both organic and inorganic pigments, unlike existing analysis methods. For this experiment, green and other pigments used during the modern and contemporary era were selected and made into painted samples under various mixing conditions that reflect their actual uses. Through hyperspectral analysis, their reflectance characteristics were observed, which enables the derivation of four main features that can distinguish the type of pigments used for color mixture. Based on these, a pigment identification system was designed in the form of a flowchart, and its utility was confirmed through site application. Despite some limitations at this stage, the technique can be complemented by considering proper measurement methods or the continuous accumulation of samples and data. If a database on various materials, mixing ratios, painting techniques, and other external interference factors is developed in future research, it would provide the foundation for a faster and safer analysis environment of Dancheong sites.

Epitaxial growth and ordering of GeTe nanowires on microcrystals determined by surface energy minimization.

Chung, Hee-Suk,Jung, Yeonwoong,Kim, Seul Cham,Kim, Do Hyun,Oh, Kyu Hwan,Agarwal, Ritesh American Chemical Society 2009 NANO LETTERS Vol.9 No.6

<P>We report self-assembly of highly aligned GeTe nanowires epitaxially grown on octahedral GeTe microcrystals in two well-defined directions by using one-step vapor transport process. The epitaxial relationship of nanowires with underlying microcrystals along with the growth orientations of nanowires were investigated in detail by electron microscopy combined with atomic unit cell models. We demonstrate that maximizing atomic planar density to minimize energy of the exposed surfaces is the determining factor that governs the unique growth characteristics of micro/nanostructures that evolve from three-dimensional octahedral microcrystals to tetrahedral bases to finally one-dimensional nanowires. The crystallographic understanding of structuring of crystalline nanomaterials obtained from this study will be critical to understand, predict, and control the growth orientation of nanostructures in three-dimensions.</P>

요추 추간판 탈출증 환자에 대하여 기타 한방치료를 병행한 가열식 화침과 일반침의 효능 비교 연구: 무작위배정, 평가자 맹검, 평행군 설계

정세호,성희진,임수지,이은용,이참결,Jung, Se Ho,Sung, Hee Jin,Lim, Su Ji,Lee, Eun Yong,Lee, Cham Kyul 대한침구의학회 2015 대한침구의학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of fire needling therapy and general acupuncture for the patient with lumbar herniated intervertebral disc. Methods : We observed 20 lumbar herniated intervertebral disc patients from March, 2014 to October, 2015. This study was randomized and assessor blinded. The patients were divided into two groups: one group(group A) was treated by general acupuncture only, and the other group(group B) was treated by fire needling therapy and general acupuncture. We evaluated the treatment effect experienced by each group using the visual analogue scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI). Results : 1. In group A, VAS and ODI from before treatment to treatment 4, 8, 12, 16 were significantly improved in statistics. 2. In group B, VAS from before treatment to treatment 4, 8, 12, 16 was significantly improved, but ODI was significantly improved in statistics only from before treatment to treatment 12, not in treatment 4, 8, 16. 3. As a result of comparisons between group A and B, there were no statistical significance in VAS and ODI. Conclusions : This study was not able to determine statistical significance between the group treated by general acupuncture only and the group treated by fire needling therapy and general acupuncture, so further studies are required in the future.

방사선 투과 이미지를 활용한 서울 화계사 명부전 목조지장보살삼존상 및 시왕상 일괄 구조 해석

이화수 ( Lee Hwa Soo ),정참희 ( Jung Cham Hee ),최학 ( Choi Hak ) 한국불교미술사학회 2021 강좌미술사 Vol.57 No.-

서울 화계사 목조지장보살 삼존상 및 시왕상 일괄에 대해 2015년 「중요동산문화재 불상기록화 사업」의 일환으로 실시된 과학적 분석조사를 토대로 하여, 목조불상의 구조 및 제작기법을 파악하였다. 방사선 조사결과, 접목구조 등 부재 구성에 따른 제작기법 특징을 확인할 수 있었으며 이를 통해 권속별 제작특징에 대한 경향을 고찰하였다. 또한 목재 균열 상태와 못의 사용 등을 통해 내부 결함 및 보수행위 흔적 등을 확인하여 향후 보존관리 및 연구를 위한 정보를 제시하였다. 대부분의 불상은 안면부 및 몸체와 다리 등 하부구조를 따로 접합한 접목구조로 확인되며 입상 등은 안면을 제외한 몸체가 일목구조로 제작된 것으로 나타났다. 대표적으로 도명존자입상의 경우 목리의 방향과 결구방식으로 보아 안면을 제외한 후두부와 몸체가 하나의 목재로 제작된 일목구조인 것으로 나타났다. 그 외 후령통 및 종이 등 유기질로 추정되는 복장유물이 관찰되었고 하단 복장공 덮개에서 공장제 못이 나타난 것으로 보아 복장공이 개봉된 후 다시 고정된 것으로 조사되었다. 제4오관대왕의좌상의 경우 안면과 몸체, 다리의 총 3개의 부재로 제작된 접목구조를 보이며, 후면 내부에 심화된 수직 할렬이 확인되었다. 또한 이를 다수의 공장제 못을 사용하여 수평으로 고정한 것으로 보아 이전에 보수가 이루어졌음을 알 수 있었다. 일목조는 주로 입상에서 나타나지만 안면부를 별도 제작하거나 복장공을 파내지 않고 불상의 모든 요소를 하나의 나무로 조각한 것은 장군상이 유일하다. Based on the scientific analysis and investigation conducted as part of the conservation status recording of "Wooden Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva Triad and Ten Underworld Kings of Hwagyesa Temple" in 2015, the structure and manufacturing technique of the wooden Buddha statues were identified. As a result of a radiation inspection, it was possible to confirm the characteristics of the manufacturing technique according to the composition of wooden elements such as the assembling structure. Through this, the tendency of the manufacturing features of Ten Underworld Kings’s kith and kin was considered. In addition, information for future conservation management and research was unearthed by identifying/checking internal defects and traces of repair activities through the use of nails and cracks in wooden elements. Most of the Buddha statues were identified as assembled structures in which substructures such as the face, body and legs were separately joined. It was discovered that the Standing Buddha statues were made with a one-piece structure except for the face. Judging from the direction of the wood grain and assembly methods, it was found that the Saint Domyung standing statue was made using a log type technique in which, except for the face, the back of the head and body were made from one piece of wood. Furthermore, sacred objects such as huryeongtong and organic materials(estimated paper) were observed. A factory-made nail that appeared on the cover of a lower hollow brought to light the finding that it was fixed again after the hollow was opened. In the case of the seated statue of the 4th Underworld King, there is an assembling structure made of a total of three wooden elements, the face, body, and legs, and an in-depth vertical check was confirmed inside the rear. In addition, considering that some nails made in the factory were used and fixed horizontally, it can be seen that repairs were made sometime before. Most of the Standing Buddha statues are one-piece structures, but they are partially assembled by the composition of facial or hollowed features. On the other hand, the General statue is the only statue in which all the elements of the Buddha statue are carved into one piece of wood.

Effect of Chuna (Shoulder Traction) Treatment on Frozen Shoulder During Korean Medical Treatment

Jo, Na Young,Yeo, In Ho,Jung, Se Ho,Sung, Hee Jin,Lee, Cham Geol,Lee, Eun Yong,Roh, Jeong Du Korean AcupunctureMoxibustion Medicine Society 2014 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Objectives : Through an analysis of the previous studies, It is estimated that Chuna(shoulder traction) is effective in reducing the pain and increasing motion range of shoulder joint of the patient. So this study is to investigate the effects of Chuna(shoulder traction) on frozen shoulder. Methods : After treated with acupuncture and electro stimulating therapy, the subjects were measured list of measurement. And then treated with Chuna(shoulder traction) therapy, the subjects were measured list of measurement again. All treatment was performed by the same doctor who is a highly qualified about Chuna(shoulder traction). Chuna(shoulder traction) treatment takes 15 minutes. Three kind of Chuna(shoulder traction) therapy were performed for 5 minutes each. Depending on the degree of the subject's pain, treatment strength was adjusted. Results : - Chuna simultaneous treatment group, shoulder joint range of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, external rotation and internal rotation movement improved statistically significant. - Chuna simultaneous and acupuncture treatment group, visual analogue scale(VAS) scores of two groups decreased statistically significant. Conclusions : The result suggests that Chuna(shoulder traction) can be effective to recover range of motion and reduce pain on patients with frozen shoulder.

국내 친환경건축물관련 인증제도의 연관성에 관한 연구

문미선(Moon Mi-Seon),정지나(Jung Ji-Na),가참희(Ka Cham-Hee),이진숙(Lee Jin-Sook),태춘섭(Tae Choon-Seob) 한국태양에너지학회 2011 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.4

Presently, various building certification systems are being enforced in Korea. However, people are in confusion and have an aptitude to waste time and money because these certification systems for buildings have very similar criteria. After investigating the foreign certification systems and domestic certification systems for the building, it is required that some of similar building certification systems are integrated.

Analysis of Pigments in the Buseoksa Josadang Murals in Yeongju

송유나,Han Hyoung Lee,Na Yeon Baek,Cham Hee Jung,Min Jeong Park,Yong Jae Chung 한국문화재보존과학회 2020 보존과학회지 Vol.36 No.1

Scientific analysis was conducted to identify the paint pigments used in the Buseoksa Josadang murals. optical microscopy(OM), X-ray fluorescence(XRF), XRF mapping, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDS), and Raman spectroscopy were performed to examine the pigments. The results confirmed that the Josadang murals consist of two paint layerswherein the pigments were distinct for most colors. It was estimated that celadonite, white clay, red ochre, cinnabar and minium, synthetic green pigment containing tin and zinc paratacamite, or botallackite were used in the upper layer. In addition, bone white, celadonite, red ochre, azurite, cinnabar or vermilion, and gold were identified in the lower layer. In addition, as Zn and Sn were detected in the green pigments extracted from the top layer of the paint, it is believed that Josadang murals were repainted over the original paint layer at some point after the 17th century. In addition, white pigments containing calcium phosphate were found in all the colors in the bottom layer, which is the original paint layer. These results are significant because this is the first time that white pigments are found in Korean traditional paintings. Additionally, the information revealed about the pigments in this study will serve as areference for the pigments used in the Goryeo period.