흰쥐의 방사선 피폭후 생물학적 지표로서의 혈액효소

김진규,김상복,김국찬,천기정,김인규,박효국,이강석 대한방사선 방어학회 1993 방사선방어학회지 Vol.18 No.2

생물학적 선량평가를 위한 생화학적 지표 연구로서 흰쥐 혈액내 효소활성도의 변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) Alkaline phosphatase 활성도는 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy의 방사선 조사후 24시간까지 혈액내 활성도가 증가하였고 72시간 경과시에는 대조군과 비슷한 활성도를 보였다. Creatine kinase는 2, 4 Gy 방사선 조사후 혈액내에서 활성도에서 활성도가 72시간까지 증가하였으나 0.1, 0.25Gy, 0.5 Gy 방사선 조사시에는 커다란 변화를 보이지 않았다. 2) Malate dehydrogenase 활성도는 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 Gy 방사선 조사시에는 커다란 변화가 없었으며 lactate dehydrogenase는 방사선 조사후 활성도가 감소하였다. 3) GOT의 활성도는 선량률 0.1Gy/min.로 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy 조사후에는 어떠한 변화도 없었으며 선량률 0.5 Gy/sec.로 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7 Gy로 조사후에는 증가현상을 보이고 있다. Acid phosphatase 활성도는 상기의 어떠한 선량에서도 나타나지 않고 있다. 잠재적으로 이러한 효소들은 방사선 피폭의 지표물질로 사용될 수 있으며 생화학적 지식과 기술을 이용한 좀더 나은 지표물질을 찾기 위하여 계속적인 조사가 필요하다. Enzyme activity changes in rat blood as biochemical indicator useful for evaluating exposure dose were experimentally studied. The experimental results obtained are as follows: 1) Alkaline phosphatase activities increased in the blood serum until 24 hours after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2 and 4 Gy irradiation and its activities returned mormal condition after 72 hours of post-irradiation. Creatine kinase activities increased in the blood serum until 72 hours after 2 and 4 Gy irradiation but any significant activity changes were not detected after 0.1, 0.25 Gy irradiation. 2) Malate dehydrogenase activities did not reveal available changes changes after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 Gy irradiation and lactate dehydrogenase activities decreased in the blood serum after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 Gy irradiation. 3) Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase activity changes were detected in the blood serum after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy(0.1 Gy/min.) and GOT activities increased after 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7 Gy(0.5 Gy/sec.). Any acid phosphatase activities were detected in the blood serum after 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2, 4 Gy(0.1 Gy/min.) and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7 Gy(0.5 Gy/sec.) irradiation. Potentially some of these enzymes can be used as indicator protein for radiation injury. Futher investigation is needed to find better biochemical indicatiors utilizing recent knowledge and techniques of biochemistry.

Ki-1 임파종 1 예

김용진,김경재,박재복,이지현,안기성,강민모,최석문,황기석 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.45 No.4

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever with chillness and anarexia for 12 weeks. Physical examination revealed supraclavicular lymphadenopathy and left inguinal lymphadenopathy. Abdominal CT scan showed the evidence of maked lymphadenopathy on retraperitoneal, external iliac, obturator, left inguinal, and celiac lymph nodes. A pathologic diagnosis of Ki-1(+) lymphoma was made by the biopsed supraclavicular lymph node because the node consisted of large cells with pleomorphic nuclei, scanty cytoplasm, large basophilic nucleoli, atypical vacuoli and large cells were positive for leukocyte common antigen, Ber-H2, marker, and B-cell marker.

우라늄 투여후 간조직에서의 효소활성도의 변화

김국찬,이강석,김진규,김인규,박효국,천기정,김상복 대한방사선 방어학회 1993 방사선방어학회지 Vol.18 No.2

우라늄 피폭후 효소활성도가 내부피폭의 biomarker로서의 가능성을 연구하기 위하여 수서생물인 잉어9Caprinus carpio)의 복강내 우라늄 투여시 간조직에서 일어나는 여러가지 효소계의 변화를 조사하였다. 이러한 효소활성도의 변화는 우라늄 내부피폭의 biomarker로서 가능성을 가지고 있으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 6일째까지 우라늄을 주사하여 적출한 간에서의 전체단백질량은 계속 감소하고 있다. 2) 세포내의 lysosome내에 함유하고 있는 acid protease와 β-glucuronidase의 활성도는 6일째 투여후까지 활성도가 감소하고 있다. 3) Alkaline phosphatase의 경우 6일째 우라늄 투여후까지 증가하고 있으며 반대로 acid phosphatase의 경우 6일째 우라늄 투여후까지 활성도가 급격히 증가하였고 glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase의 활성도는 완만하게 증가하고 있다. 4) Creatine kinase의 활성도는 완만한 감소를 보이고 있으며 malate dehydrogenase는 첫번 우라늄 투여후에 활성도가 급격히 감소하였고 3일째 우라늄 투여후에는 활성도가 거의 나타나지 않았다. We examined various enzyme activity changes by intraperitioneal injection uranium in the carp liver. These enzyme activity changes can be used as biochemical indicators of internal exposure to uranium. The results were followings ; 1) Total protein concentration decreased by intraperitoneal injection in the carp liver. 2) Lysosomal acid protease and β-glucronidase activities increased in the liver until sixth intraperitoneal injection of uranium, but lysosomal acid phosphatase activities decreased in the liver until the sixth injection of uranium. 3) Alkaline phosphatase activities sharply increased and Glutamate oxaloacetate Transaminase activities steadily decreased in the liver until the sixth injection of uranium. 4) Creatine %kinase activities steadily decreased and malate dehydrogenase activities sharply decreased in the liver after the primary injection of uranium. Any malate dehydrogenase activities was not detected after sixth injection of uranium.

대도시 청소년 체격의 발육발달과 표준체중에 관한 연구

김성만,손흥기,김복현 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 1995 體育學論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The Purpose of this study is to analyzing the developing process of physique during the 12 years regression equation standard body weight according to the age and body height and also we analyzed the distribution status of normal body weight and obesity weight in 17-year old high school students. A total of 1,423 samples(male:723, female: 701, born between March 1, 1977∼February 28, 1978) and the students who were randomly selected in big city of north of Jeola province, The result of our analysis are as follows: 1.Measurement of Physique ①The steady growth showen 14 year of male and 12-year of female in body height, 14-year of male and 13-year of female In body weight, 15-year of male and 13-year of female In chest-girth, since then the growth and development linear curve is more showness. ②During the 12year of school age, the rate of growth were 55.12cm(47.4%) of male 44.80cm(38.9%) of female in body height 43.59(214.5%) of male, 35.20kg(180.8%) female in body weight and 3.83cm (55.48%) of male, 28.11cm(50.70%) of female in chest girth. ③The age of maximum rapids growth were 12∼13 years old(7.36 ± 2.52cm) of male 10∼ 11years old (6.81± 1.88cm) of female In body height, 12∼13years old(6.14±3.37kg) of male, 11∼12 years old(5.49±2.67kg) in body weight and the chest-girth were 13∼14years old(4.34± 3.20cm) in male, 11∼12 years old(5.01 ± 3.80cm) in female. ④The age of cross over between male and female were 9.7∼ 11.7 years old in body height, 11.5∼ 13.5 years old in chest-girth and there is on cross over in body weight. ⑤The body height of 17-year old was 171.68∼5.56cm in mate and 159.92±4.85cm in female, body weight was 63.91±8.89kg in male and 54.67±6.74kg in female and the chest-girth was 89.20±5.94cm in male 83.55 ± 5.27cm in female. ⑥Physical growth and development was more remarkable improvement than 1980' Physique especially the age of adolescence. 2.Standard body weight by regression equation ①Correlation coefficient of r=0.469-0.760 between body height and body weight in male and r=0.347-0.793 in female. ②Regression equation of standard body weight were found in 17-year old and the equation were y =0.749X+64.791 in male, y=0.484X+22.800 in female. ③The distribution of normal body weight were 63.1% in male and 76.2% in female, over weight were 10.4% in male and 9.3% in female and the obesity weight were 6.9% in male and 3.4% in female.

미세가동 정전용량형 초음파 탐촉자 개발(Ⅱ) : 미세공정기술 분석 Analysis of Microfabrication Process

김기복,안봉영,박해원,김영주,김국진,이승석 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.24 No.6

본 연구는 cMUT 제작을 위한 미세공정기술을 개발하기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 외국의 관련 제조공정 연구결과들을 분석하였다. cMUT 제작의 주요 공정인 미소 진동 박막 형성, 희생층 형성, 식각 공정에 대한 실험을 수행하여 적절한 공정조건을 찾고자 하였다. 각 제작 공정조건들을 변화시켜 가면서 증착된 실리콘 질화막의 두께, 균일도, 잔류응력을 측정하였다. 희생층으로서 실리콘 산화막의 공정조건을 변화시켜 가면서 산화막의 성장률을 분석하였다. 마지막으로 희생층 식각을 위한 최적 식각공정을 얻기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 주요 미세공정 조건은 추후 cMUT 제작에 적용될 예정이다. The main goal of this study was to develop a micro-fabrication process for the capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT). In order to achieve this goal, the former research results of the micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) process for the cMUT were analyzed. The membrane deposition, sacrificial layer deposition and etching were found to be a main process of fabricating the cMUT. The optimal conditions for those microfabrication were determined by the experiment. The thickness, uniformity, and residual stress of the Si₃N₃ deposition which forms the membrane of the cMUT were characterized after growing the Si₃N₃ on Si-wafer under various process conditions. As a sacrificial layer, the growth rate of the SiO₂ deposition was analyzed under several process conditions. The optimal etching conditions of the sacrificial layer were analyzed. The microfabrication process developed in this study will be used to fabricate the cMUT.

논토양중 카드뮴 유효도와 수도의 흡수이행에 미치는 석회 및 Humic acid 사용효과

김민경,김원일,정구복,박광래,윤순강,엄기철 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.1

토양중 중금속이 식물에 흡수 및 이행되는 것을 경감시켜 여기에서 생산된 농산물의 안전성 향상을 위한 기초자료를 확보하고 논토양의 카드뮴 유효도와 흡수이행에 미치는 석회와 humic acid 처리 효과를 구명하기 위하여 실내경험과 포트실험을 수행하였다. 실내실험에서 공시토양에 2.5와 5.0 ton/ha의 석회와 1%와 2% humic acid를 처리한 후 토양중 가용성 카드뮴 함량 변화를 조사한 결과, 두 처리 모두 14일까지는 담수상태에서 처리효과로 인하여 가용성 카드뮴 함량이 감소하다가 그 이후에는 토양의 완충능에 의해 다시 증가하는 경향이었다. 이때, 토양의 가용성 카드뮴 함량은 토양 pH 및 양이온치환용량과 부의 상관이 있었다. 2.5 ton/ha의 석회와 1% 의 humic acid를 처리한 후 담수시켜 안정화된 다음 벼를 재배하여 조사한 결과, 석회와 humic acid 처리에 비해 분얼기와 수확기의 치화태 및 수용태 카드뮴 함량이 낮아졌으나, 분얼기에 비해 수확기에 토양중 이동이 어려운 산화물 및 탄산염태와 황화물 및 잔류태의 함량이 증가하였다. 식물에 흡수가 용이한 형태로 알려진 치환태와 수용태는 모두 토양 pH와 고도의 부의 상관이 있었다. 수확기의 줄기, 잎 및 현미 건물중은 석회 및 humic acide 처리구에서 대조구에 비해 모두 높았고, 특히 석회 처리구의 건물중이 현저하게 높았다. 석회 처리구에서 줄기와 잎의 카드뮴 함량은 각각 1.01과 0.37㎎/㎏으로 대조구와 비슷하였으나, 뿌리나 현미의 카드뮴 ?량은 각각 2.11과 0.09㎎/㎏으로 대조구에 비해 낮았다. 지상부와 뿌리의 카드뮴 함량은 humic acid 처리에 의해 현저히 낮아졌으며, 특히 현미로의 카드뮴 이행도 월등히 낮게 나타난다. This study was conducted to know the effect of lime and humic acid on cadmium availability and its uptake by plant grown in contaminated paddy soils with heavy metal. The treatment levels of lime were 2.5 and 5.0 ton/ha and that of humic acid were 1 and 2%. The contents of 0.1 N HCl extractable Cd were reduced with lime and humic acid and were negatively correlated with CEC as well as soil pH. The sequential extraction procedure was used to fractionate the heavy metals in soil into the designated from exchangeable (0.5 M KNO₃), water soluble (H₂O), organically bound (0.5 M NaOH), carbonate (0.05 M Na₂-EDTA) and sulfide/residual (4 M HNO₃). In soil amended with 2.5 ton/ha lime and 1% humic acid, chemical forms of Cd at tillering stage were predominant exchangeable+water soluble extractable Cd, whereas that at harvesting stage were predominant carbonate+sulfide/residual extractable Cd. The exchangeable forms of Cd in soil with lime and humic acid were negatively correlated with soil pH during the harvesting period. Total absorbed Cd of paddy rice tended to occur in the order of root > stem > leaf > brown rice. Cd con- tents of brown rice with lime and humic acid treatment were 0.09 and 0.08 mg/kg, respectively. That were lower than control, 0.20 ㎎/㎏. It could be that treatment of lime and humic acid in polluted soil by heavy metals would reduce the uptake of heavy metals by plants and be a temporary method of reclamation at the highly heavy metal contaminated soils.

과실 비파괴 검사용 초음파 트랜스듀서 개발

김기복,김만수,이상대,최만용 한국비파괴검사학회 2004 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this study, the ultrasonic transducers for contact measurement of whole fruits were developed. The design parameters for ultrasonic transducer such as acoustical impedance of fruits, kinds of piezoelectric materials, ultrasonic wave frequency, and transducer diameter were investigated. In order to match the impedance between piezoelectric material and fruit, various wear plates were fabricated and evaluated. And to control the bandwidth of ultrasonic wave of the transducer, various backing materials were fabricated and evaluated. The wear plate of the transducer was specially designed and fabricated considering the curvature of fruit. Two kinds of transducers such as 100 kHz of central frequency with 40 mm of transducer diameter and 200 kHz of central frequency with 20 mm diameter were developed. Nondestructive evaluation of the fruit will be possible with the developed ultrasonic transducers.

청주 및 충북지역소재 무역상사의 최신개정 무역거래조건 및 신용장 통일규칙의 보급이용도측정과 그들 상사사용무역영어적절성에 관한 연구

김복문,고석하,백대기,김주엽 충북대학교 산업경영연구소 1991 産業과 經營 Vol.4 No.2

광투과방식과 연속식 GC분석방식을 이용한 대기 중 BTX 성분의 정량적 분석

김기현,진병복 경희대학교 환경연구소 2002 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

To study the applicability of DOAS system on the analysis of VOC including benzene, toluene, and xylenes in air, we made a comparative measurement using an on-line GC system. Results of our study indicate that the compatibility between two different methodologies is highly distinct among species, when checked in terms of various standards. When the differences between the two are expressed in terms of percent differences, the level of agreement between the two were found on the order of toluene (-2.7 %), xylenes (-45.5 %), and benzene (-80.8 %). Moreover, if the compatibility of the data sets is checked by correlation analysis, their relationships were found as follows: Benzene (DOAS) = 0.485 Benzene (GC) + 0.199 (r=0.236) Toluene (DOAS) = 0.900 Toluene (GC) + 0.280 (r=0.738) Xylenes (DOAS) = 0.812 Xylenes (GC) + 0.114 (r=0.592) According to our comparative analysis, it is found that toluene exhibits the strongest compatibility between the two systems, while benzene tends to record the least agreement. Although the system-to-system bias is different among different chemical species, the overall results of our study suggest that DOAS system can be useful enough to provide valuable information of temporal and spatial distribution patterns of major aromatic VOCs in air.

미세 가공된 정전용량형 초음파 탐촉자의 막 운동 모델링 및 분석

김기복,안봉영,박해원,김영주,김국진,이승석 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.1

In this study, theoretical analysis and finite element analysis of the behavior of membrane (such as resonance frequency, membrane deflection, collapse deflection and collapse voltage)in thc capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (cMUT) were performed. The design parameters of the cMUT were estimated and are the dimension and thickness of membrane, thickness of sacrificial layer, thickness and size of electrode, size of active element and so on. The resonance frequency of the membrane increased as the thickness of the membrane increased but decreased as the diameter of the membrane increased. The deflection of the membrane increased as d-c bias voltage increased. The collapse voltage of the membrane was predicted.