Mechanics Predicts Effective Critical-Size Bone Regeneration Using 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds

Blázquez-Carmona Pablo,Mora-Macías Juan,Martínez-Vázquez Francisco J.,Morgaz Juan,Domínguez Jaime,Reina-Romo Esther 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.6

BACKGROUND: 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds have gained popularity due to their controlled microarchitecture and their proven biocompatibility. However, their high brittleness makes their surgical implementation complex for weightbearing bone treatments. Thus, they would require difficult-to-instrument rigid internal fixations that limit a rigorous evaluation of the regeneration progress through the analysis of mechanic-structural parameters. METHODS: We investigated the compatibility of flexible fixations with fragile ceramic implants, and if mechanical monitoring techniques are applicable to bone tissue engineering applications. Tissue engineering experiments were performed on 8 ovine metatarsi. A 15 mm bone segment was directly replaced with a hydroxyapatite scaffold and stabilized by an instrumented Ilizarov-type external fixator. Several in vivo monitoring techniques were employed to assess the mechanical and structural progress of the tissue. RESULTS: The applied surgical protocol succeeded in combining external fixators and subject-specific bioceramic scaffolds without causing fatal fractures of the implant due to stress concentrator. The bearing capacity of the treated limb was initially altered, quantifying a 28–56% reduction of the ground reaction force, which gradually normalized during the consolidation phase. A faster recovery was reported in the bearing capacity, stiffening and bone mineral density of the callus. It acquired a predominant mechanical role over the fixator in the distribution of internal forces after one postsurgical month. CONCLUSION: The bioceramic scaffold significantly accelerated in vivo the bone formation compared to other traditional alternatives in the literature (e.g., distraction osteogenesis). In addition, the implemented assessment techniques allowed an accurate quantitative evaluation of the bone regeneration through mechanical and imaging parameters.

Clinical Relevance of Adipokines

Matthias Blüher 대한당뇨병학회 2012 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.36 No.5

The incidence of obesity has increased dramatically during recent decades. Obesity increases the risk for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and may therefore contribute to premature death. With increasing fat mass, secretion of adipose tissue derived bioactive molecules (adipokines) changes towards a pro-inflammatory, diabetogenic and atherogenic pattern. Adipokines are involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety, energy expenditure, activity, endothelial function, hemostasis, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism in insulin sensitive tissues, adipogenesis, fat distribution and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Therefore, adipokines are clinically relevant as biomarkers for fat distribution, adipose tissue function, liver fat content, insulin sensitivity, chronic inflammation and have the potential for future pharmacological treatment strategies for obesity and its related diseases. This review focuses on the clinical relevance of selected adipokines as markers or predictors of obesity related diseases and as potential therapeutic tools or targets in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

HOW DO PEOPLE LOOK AT ONLINE FASHION? AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF ATTENTION TO DESIGN ELEMENTS IN FASHION WEBSITES

Marta Blázquez,Carlos Velasco,Alejandro Salgado-Montejo,Charles Spence 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회(GFMC) 2015 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2015 No.06

Does Rising Income Inequality Reduce Life Expectancy? New Evidence for 26 European Countries (1995–2014)

Carla Blázquez-Fernández 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2018 Global economic review Vol.47 No.4

An open debate these days is about how national income inequality could affect individuals’ health outcomes. Therefore, the present study aims to provide new evidence regarding life expectancy determinants and how they are related to the income inequality hypothesis. Precisely, it is provided new evidence on this relationship for 26 European countries during the period 1995– 2014. The analysis is based on panel data techniques, with the latest data from both Eurostat and the OECD Health Statistics. Furthermore, data from the World Bank is also applied. Besides, we have tested the sensitivity of the estimates in our empirical analysis using three clusters of countries. Our results suggest that income inequality does not significantly reduce health in developed societies, like the European ones. Notwithstanding, as income inequality can be sometimes harmful for population health, these issues must be taken into account in order to improve health care policies.

Catechol-modified poly(oxazoline)s with tunable degradability facilitate cell invasion and lateral cartilage integration

Oliver Berberich,Julia Blöhbaum,Stefanie Hölscher-Doht,Rainer H. Meffert,Jörg Teßmar,Torsten Blunk,Jürgen Groll 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.80 No.-

Tissue adhesives play an important role in clinical applications and may aid in the treatment of cartilagedefects for improved cartilage integration. However, many fail to satisfy the demand for adequateadhesive strength on wet tissue surfaces and to facilitate sufficient cell migration and extracellular matrix(ECM) deposition at the defect site. Utilizing poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) (POx)-based polymers equippedwith mussel-inspired adhesion moieties and combining them with the natural wound sealantfibrinogen,we fabricated an adhesive biosynthethic hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties and improvedbonding strength. Degradation of the hydrogels could be adjusted by the ratio of amide to ester linkagesof the catecholic functional group at the POx side chain. In an in vitro disc/ring model for lateral cartilageintegration, a benefit in long-term integration was observed with enhanced degradation of the adhesivewithout the expense of bonding strength. Incorporation of degradable ester linkages in the polymerfacilitated cell invasion and strong deposition of cartilaginous ECM at the defect site. Overall, the resultssuggest that the presented injectable adhesive hydrogel, due to its easy tunability, holds great potentialfor cartilage defect treatment and other medical applications.

Consequences of Obesity on the Sense of Taste: Taste Buds as Treatment Targets?

Kerstin Rohde,Imke Schamarek,Matthias Blüher 대한당뇨병학회 2020 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.44 No.4

Premature obesity-related mortality is caused by cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, physical disabilities, osteoarthritis, and certain types of cancer. Obesity is caused by a positive energy balance due to hyper-caloric nutrition, low physical activity, and energy expenditure. Overeating is partially driven by impaired homeostatic feedback of the peripheral energy status in obesity. However, food with its different qualities is a key driver for the reward driven hedonic feeding with tremendous consequences on calorie consumption. In addition to visual and olfactory cues, taste buds of the oral cavity process the earliest signals which affect the regulation of food intake, appetite and satiety. Therefore, taste buds may play a crucial role how food related signals are transmitted to the brain, particularly in priming the body for digestion during the cephalic phase. Indeed, obesity development is associated with a significant reduction in taste buds. Impaired taste bud sensitivity may play a causal role in the pathophysiology of obesity in children and adolescents. In addition, genetic variation in taste receptors has been linked to body weight regulation. This review discusses the importance of taste buds as contributing factors in the development of obesity and how obesity may affect the sense of taste, alterations in food preferences and eating behavior.

Whither systems medicine?

Rolf Apweiler,Tim Beissbarth,Michael R Berthold,Nils Blüthge,Yvonne Burmeister,Olaf Dammann,Andreas Deutsch,Friedrich Feuerhake,Andre Franke,Jan Hasenauer,Steve Hoffmann,Thomas Höfer,Peter LM Jansen,L 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

New technologies to generate, store and retrieve medical and research data are inducing a rapid change in clinical and translational research and health care. Systems medicine is the interdisciplinary approach wherein physicians and clinical investigators team up with experts from biology, biostatistics, informatics, mathematics and computational modeling to develop methods to use new and stored data to the benefit of the patient. We here provide a critical assessment of the opportunities and challenges arising out of systems approaches in medicine and from this provide a definition of what systems medicine entails. Based on our analysis of current developments in medicine and healthcare and associated research needs, we emphasize the role of systems medicine as a multilevel and multidisciplinary methodological framework for informed data acquisition and interdisciplinary data analysis to extract previously inaccessible knowledge for the benefit of patients.

광범위 자궁경암근치수술후의 방광기능장애와 방광기능측정

정병래(BL Chung),서우갑(UG Suh),송승규(SK Song),김승조(SJ Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1976 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.19 No.3

1. Average duration of catheter drainage which was returned to clinically normal bladder function was 20.4 days. The longest duration of catheter drainage was 169 days , the shortest was 12 days. 2. Pre-operative bladder capacity was average 556+-85ml, and preoperative bladder pressure was average 23 cm H2O and postoperative was 33 cm H2O, both bladder capacity and pressure values indicate that a hypertonic dysfunction occurs following radical pelvic surgery for the cervial cancer. 3. The 3 cases of hypotonic bladder dysfunction resulted from an accidental episode of urinary retension and overdistention. 4. It was not possible to predict duration of bladder dysfunction by evaluating the initial cytometric findings but there was a tendency for those patients demonstrating the greatest initial alteration to necessitate catheter drainage for the longest period of time. 5. The catheter will not be removed until cystometric examination of the bladder capacity demonstrates greater than 250 ml and/or bladder pressure less than 28cm H2O and the patients can void spontaneously, resulting in a residual urine volume less than 70 ml.

난소피양종의 각종파열 3예

정병래(BL Chung),최희원(HW Choi),최광영(KY Choi) 대한산부인과학회 1975 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.18 No.2

저자들은 최근 비교적 드문 것으로 알려져 있는 난소 피양낭종의 서로 다른 형태의 파열 3 예를 경험하였기에 간략한 문헌고찰과 아울러 증례를 보고하였다. Rupture of benign cystic teratoma is a rare and interesting gynecologic entity, to be divided into two main groups of intraperitoneal rupture and rupture into hollow viscus. Many explantaton have been advanced to explain rupture of these tumors, among which torsion with infarction and gangrene, trauma, infection and malignant degeneration are considered prominent. Many cases still remain unexplained and other factors such as prolonged pressure as would occur in labor, and idiopathic causes must be considered important. Here three cases of dermoid cyst rupture including spontaneous intrapertoneal rupture due to malignant degeneration and rupture into bladder have been presented with a brief of literature.

자궁내막간질선근종증 1 례

박봉림(BL Park),김관옥(KO Kim),김규관(KG Kim),박건남(KN Park),장준홍(JH Jang),김동진(DJ Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1987 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.30 No.9

저자들은 본병원 산부인과에서 30세의 경산부에서 자궁간질선근종증 1례를 체험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Endolymphatic stromal myosis of the uterus is a unusual mensenchymal tumor, originating in the endometrium. There has been considerable controversy as to nomenclature because of the uncertainty of the cell of origin and the behavior of the tumor. Here a case of a 30-year old woman with a endolymphatic stromal myosis is presented with a review of literatures.