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Single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of the genetic structure of Liangshan pig population
Liu, Bin,Shen, Linyuan,Guo, Zhixian,Gan, Mailing,Chen, Ying,Yang, Runling,Niu, Lili,Jiang, Dongmei,Zhong, Zhijun,Li, Xuewei,Zhang, Shunhua,Zhu, Li Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.7
Objective: To conserve and utilize the genetic resources of a traditional Chinese indigenous pig breed, Liangshan pig, we assessed the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genetic distance in this study. Methods: We used 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip for SNP detection of 139 individuals in the Liangshan Pig Conservation Farm. Results: The genetically closed conserved population consisted of five overlapping generations, and the total effective content of the population (Ne) was 15. The whole population was divided into five boar families and one non-boar family. Among them, the effective size of each generation subpopulation continuously decreased. However, the proportion of polymorphic markers (P<sub>N</sub>) first decreased and then increased. The average genetic distance of these 139 Liangshan pigs was 0.2823±0.0259, and the average genetic distance of the 14 boars was 0.2723±0.0384. Thus, it can be deduced that the genetic distance changed from generation to generation. In the conserved population, 983 runs of homozygosity (ROH) were detected, and the majority of ROH (80%) were within 100 Mb. The inbreeding coefficient calculated based on ROH showed an average value of 0.026 for the whole population. In addition, the inbreeding coefficient of each generation subpopulation initially increased and then decreased. In the pedigree of the whole conserved population, the error rate of paternal information was more than 11.35% while the maternal information was more than 2.13%. Conclusion: This molecular study of the population genetic structure of Liangshan pig showed loss of genetic diversity during the closed cross-generation reproduction process. It is necessary to improve the mating plan or introduce new outside blood to ensure long-term preservation of Liangshan pig.
Yong Bin Park,김윤영,Sun Kyung Oh,Sun Gan Chung,구승엽,김석현,최영민,문신용 생화학분자생물학회 2008 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.40 No.1
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are considered to be able to stably maintain their characteristics in vitro for prolonged periods, but we had previously encountered changes in proliferative ability and differentiation potential during extended culture of hESCs. Therefore, we investigated the proliferative ability and differentiation potential of hESCs during long-term culture. The hESCs, SNUhES3, were used to analyze population-doubling time, proliferation rate and differentiation potential. We classified hESCs into three groups according to culture period. Ten colonies of hESCs for each group were daily measured colony area and population-doubling time was assessed by the changes of colony area. Proliferation rate of hESCs was measured by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay and telomerase activity. To evaluate differentiation potentials for hESCs, expression levels of undifferentiated and/or differentiated hESCs markers were examined by FACS, RT-PCR and immunostaining. Population-doubling time of early passage hESCs was longer than those of middle or late passage. Proliferative ability of hESCs was accelerated depending on culture periods. Cellular morphologies and the expression level of each three germ layer markers were obviously different from each passage of reattached embryoid bodies (EBs) after spontaneous differentiation. Differentiated cells of late passage expressed higher levels of undifferentiated markers such as Oct4 and SSEA4 than those of early and middle passage. But differentiated cells of early and middle passage expressed higher level of differentiated state markers, Nestin (ectoderm), Brachyury (mesoderm), HNF3β (endoderm). From these results, it can be inferred that hESCs show higher proliferative abilities and reduced differentiation potentials as the passage number increased. Therefore, we conclude that early passage hESCs could be more suitable than middle and late passage hESCs in differentiation studies.
Connections between RC beam and square tubed-RC column under axial compression: Experiments
Xu-Hong Zhou,Bin-Yang Li,Dan Gan,Jie-Peng Liu,Y. Frank Chen 국제구조공학회 2017 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.23 No.4
The square tubed-reinforced concrete (TRC) column is a kind of special concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns, in which the outer thin-walled steel tube does not pass through the beam-column joint, so that the longitudinal steel reinforcing bars in the RC beam are continuous through the connection zone. However, there is a possible decrease of the axial bearing capacity at the TRC column to RC beam connection due to the discontinuity of the column tube, which is a concern to engineers. 24 connections and 7 square TRC columns were tested under axial compression. The primary parameters considered in the tests are: (1) connection location (corner, exterior and interior); (2) dimensions of RC beam cross section; (3) RC beam type (with or without horizontal haunches); (4) tube type (with or without stiffening ribs). The test results show that all specimens have relatively high load-carrying capacity and satisfactory ductility. With a proper design, the connections exhibit higher axial resistance and better ductility performance than the TRC column. The feasibility of this type of connections is verified.
Microstructural Effect on Cold Strengthening Mechanism of MP159 Alloys
Luorong Dengzhu,Leiming Fang,Bin Gan,Zhengwei Xiong,Qian Liu,Yi Liu,Jia Yang,Jun Li,Zhipeng Gao 대한금속·재료학회 2024 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.30 No.2
Previous investigations on MP159 alloys have largely reported the striking reinforcement performance after cold deformation,which the deformation mechanism was attributed to HCP phases and deformed twins and so on. To data, the microstructuraleffect on cold strengthening mechanism of MP159 alloy was still controversial. In this work, the processes of microstructuralevolution were elaborated through multi-scale structural characterizations. In the initial MP159, the recrystallized grainsand Σ3 twins (<111> 60°) play a dominant role in the microstructures. After cold drawing, the microcosmic dislocationswere significantly increased in the deformed grains. The mesoscopic Σ3 twins were seriously deformed to become thedeformed twins, inducing that the grains were refined. Meanwhile, the grain boundaries were broken and the HAGBs weresubsequently transformed to the LAGBs. The microstructural transition of dislocations → LAGBs ← HAGBs was confirmed. The high stacking fault energy in the deformed twins promoted a high strain energy stored in the MP159, forming the macroscopical<111> //RD texture. The series of microstructural changes induced the significant enhancement of the strengthand hardness. The microstructural effect on cold strengthening mechanism of MP159 alloys was clarified, which would bea great significance to strengthening metallic materials in the current investigations.