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Effect of Geometric Properties on Dynamic Behavior of Historic Masonry Minaret
Ramazan Livaoglu,Mehmet Hüdai Bastürk,Adem Dogangün,Cavit Serhatoglu 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.20 No.6
Historical minarets are quite sensitive structures against horizontal loads as they are tall, slender and masonry constructions. Due to their special characters, significant damages are occurred in critical part by devastating earthquakes. These damages lead to more comprehensive studying about minarets. In this study; the effect of geometrical features was investigated for dynamic behavior of seven historical masonry minarets in Bursa. However, dynamic character identification of historical masonry minarets are so difficult. Therefore, ambient vibration test were performed with aim of defining modal parameters of the minarets. Since the structural behavior of historical minarets were also represented with mathematical models, three dimensional (solid) models were implemented by using the finite element software Abaqus Cae. Model updating was performed in order to match the natural frequencies arising from the experimental investigation with those from numerical results. According to the results obtained from both forms, effect of geometric features on the dynamic behavior of minarets was evaluated. The relationships are between the first mode period of the minarets and the structural properties such as height, cross section, boundary condition. Then, the analytical formula was derived from the relationships for rapid estimation of the fundamental period of the typical Ottoman minarets. Finally, it was found that the period of the minarets from the formula close enough to modal test and modal analysis results.
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Felipe Salazar-Canales,Richard M. Bastías,Arturo Calderón-Orellana,Rosemarie Wilckens,Esteban González 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.6
Photo-selective colored nets have been used as a tool to reduce climatic stress and improve yields in horticultural crops, butthere is no knowledge regarding responses of hazelnut crops under these nets. The objective of this research was to study theinfl uence of photo-selective nets on the microclimate, physiological characteristics of leaves, and yield in hazelnut. Duringthree consecutive seasons, a hazelnut orchard ´Tonda di Giff oni´ was covered with black, blue-gray, and pearl-gray colorednets with a standard density of 4 warp and weft threads cm −1 . Uncovered trees were used as the control. Microclimaticconditions (solar radiation intensity and composition, air temperature, relative humidity, and vapor pressure defi cit, VPD),yield components (accumulated yield; yield by harvest date; fruit weight, FW; and seed weight, SW), and leaf physiologicalcharacteristics (net photosynthesis rate, A n ; stomatal conductance, g s ; specifi c leaf weight, SLW; and stomatal density, SD)were evaluated. Pearl-gray netting had the greatest increase in diff use (47%) and global (5%) solar radiation compared toblue-gray and black nettings. VPD decreased by 12% under black netting, but only by 5% under pearl-gray and blue-graynetting. Pearl-gray nets signifi cantly increased accumulated yield, FW, and SW by 12, 13, and 6% compared to the control,respectively. Black and blue-gray nets reduced SD by 8 and 30% and SLW by 15 and 20%, respectively. Pearl-gray nettingdid not alter either SD or SLW. A signifi cant relationship between A n and g s was found under all nets, but not for the control. The relationship between A n and g s was signifi cantly positive for pearl-gray netting and negative for blue-gray netting. Photo-selective netting is a physiology-based tool that improves yield in hazelnut orchards under extreme climate conditions. Pearl-gray netting is the most promising alternative for this fruit crop.
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Héctor Olivares-Soto,Richard M. Bastías,Arturo Calderón-Orellana,María Dolores López 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.2
Netting has been widely used in recent years to protect apple fruit from solar injury. There is little information on the biochemicalaspects underlying the eff ectiveness of netting against sunburn in apples. The objective of this study was to quantifythe eff ects of netting on polyphenols, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity in apples with diff erent sunburn degrees in termsof fruit peel color variation. Orchards of ‘Gala Brookfi eld’ and ‘Fuji Raku Raku’ apples were covered in red and pearl nets(providing 20% shading), respectively. Uncovered trees served as controls for the experiments. Spectral light transmissionwas measured under the nets from 350 to 1700 nm. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), ultraviolet radiation (UV),and fruit surface temperature (FST) were evaluated from 20 to 175 day after full blooming. Red netting increased the amountof red (600–700 nm) and blue (400–500 nm) wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Both red and pearl nets reduced infrared(900–1700 nm) transmission by 8%, which resulted in a decrease around 5 °C in FST. Similarly, PAR radiation was reducedby 25 and 21% on average, while the reduction in UV radiation reached 29 and 25% with red and pearl netting, respectively. In moderate (browning; SB-3) and severe (browning with necrosis; SB-4) damage categories, sunburn decreased 15% in‘Gala Brookfi eld’ under red netting, and only 4% in ‘Fuji Raku Raku’ under pearl netting. In ‘Gala Brookfi eld’, red nettingsignifi cantly increased anthocyanin content and ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant capacity for theSB4 sunburn category. In contrast, pearl netting signifi cantly reduced the amount of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and theFRAP antioxidant capacity in SB-4 sunburn group of ‘Fuji Raku Raku’ apples. Collectively, our results suggest that sunprotection provided by netting result in changes in the composition and antioxidant capacity of fruit peels, whose responsevaries depending on the cultivar and type of net used.
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Fatimah Febriyanti BASTARI(Fatimah Febriyanti BASTARI ),M. ARAS(M. ARAS ),Cici Fakhrunnisa SOFYAN(Cici Fakhrunnisa SOFYAN ),Taniya Indriana RUSTAM(Taniya Indriana RUSTAM ) 한국유통과학회 2023 유통과학연구 Vol.21 No.3
Purpose: Low-Cost Carrier airlines attempt to provide the best service for their customers. However, the pandemic has forced airline companies to keep developing new strategies. Moreover, in this digital era, airlines must intensely market their service through social media to reach as many customers as possible. This research aims to study the impact of advertisements on Instagram and the customer experience concerning customer loyalty and satisfaction in the aviation industry. Research design, data, and methodology: This study uses a quantitative explanatory with the combination of the positivism paradigm. The data collection technique is by distributing questionnaires to related airline Instagram followers. Meanwhile, the sample calculation uses using the Slovin formula in which 414 respondents are gained. The collected data is analyzed with Structural Equation Model and using Smart-PLS software. Results: The study results indicate that advertising on Instagram and customer experience significantly positively affect customer satisfaction and loyalty. In addition, the variable customer satisfaction has a significant positive on customer loyalty. Conclusions: The study results indicate that the ease of obtaining information via Instagram can affect satisfaction and will increase when customers have made a flight so that they will become loyal customers.
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Wahid Ul Rehman,Kriti Gupta,Felix Bast 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.3
Bryum is recognized as a cosmopolitan genus of mosses in the family Bryaceae that contains the largestdiversity of mosses. Although there are around 100 species of moss species reported from Antarctica todate, the actual species diversity remains elusive, as the continent remains one of the least exploredhabitats globally. Here, we describe a new species of Bryum from the Larsemann Hills, Eastern Antarctica,with several synapomorphic characters, including unbranched plant body, ovate-lanceolate leaves,reflexed leaf margins with slightly serrulate apex, and percurrent coasta. In nuclear ribosomal DNA internaltranscribed spacer 1 phylogram, our isolate did not cluster with any known species of this genus. The closest BLASTn hit was found to be Bryum pseudotriquetrum, but our isolate had several distinctsynapomorphic traits. Based on morphological and molecular data, a new moss species, Bryum bharatiensesp. nov. is formally proposed herein. Besides, two new taxonomic records are also presented inthis study, viz. Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum from Larsemann Hills and Coscinodon lawianus fromSchirmacher Oasis.
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Physical, chemical, mechanical, and micromorphological characterization of dental needles
de Oliveira Monteiro, Marco Antonio,Antunes, Alberto Nogueira da Gama,Basting, Roberta Tarkany The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2021 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.21 No.2
Background: In anesthetic techniques, touching bones can cause needle bending. Theoretically, a needle should support such deflection without fracturing. However, it is possible that a needle may fracture depending on the quality and type of needle used. This study evaluated the physical, chemical, and micromorphological characteristics of long and short dental anesthetic needles, as well as the mechanical properties of flexural load and bending resistance when needles are subjected to different bending angles. Methods: Long and short needles (30G, Jets, Misawa, Selekto, Terumo, Unoject and 27G, Dencojet, Injex, Jets, Misawa, Procare, Setoject XL, Terumo) were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the needle bevels and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used for the chemical analysis of needle compositions. Flexural loading and bending strength assessments were performed using a universal testing machine by bending the needles (n = 5) to angles of 30°, 60°, or 90°, or until fracture occurred. Results: The Injex 27G, Jets 27G, and Septoject XL 27G needles were all less than 30 mm in length. There were small percentage variations in the chemical compositions of the needles. Superior smoothness was observed for the Unoject 30G needle, which exhibited the highest fracture resistance at 60°. The Jets 30G needle exhibited greater resistance to fractures at 90°. The Procare 27G needle exhibited the highest load resistance to bending, followed by the Septoject XL 27G needle, and both needles were tied for the lowest fracture resistance. No needle fractured when bent to 30° or at less than three bends to 60° or 90°. Conclusions: Greater needle resistance to bending increases the probability of early fracturing. Thinner and shorter needles are more resistant than longer and thicker needles. Performing a single bend does not result in any significant risk of fracture or obliterate the lumen, allowing for the continued passage of anesthetic liquid.
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