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Balasubramanian Rajkapoor,Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir,Muthusamy Sudha,Gobinath Mirunalini,Balasubramanian Rajkapoor 대한약침학회 2023 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.26 No.1
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that occurs frequently among women of reproductive age and is a polygenic, multifactorial, endocrine, and metabolic disorder. PCOS is becoming more common as a result of risk factors such as current lifestyle, overnutrition, and stress. The use of traditional herbal medicine is higher among the global population. Hence, this review article focuses on the potential of Nigella sativa to manage women with PCOS. Methods: A literature search was carried out using databases including Medline, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Embase, and Science Direct, as well as reference lists, to identify relevant publications that support the use of N. sativa in the management of women with PCOS. Results: Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that the major bioactive constituent of black seed (N. sativa), thymoquinone, has potential for managing women with PCOS. Moreover, N. sativa may help to manage oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in women with PCOS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Conclusion: N. sativa has potential for use as a herbal medicine for managing women with PCOS as an integrative medicine along with traditional and modern medicine in conjunction with calorie restriction and regular exercise.
( M. Balasubramanian ),( V. Jayabalan ),( V. Balasubramanian ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.4
Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is very widely used in the fabrication of advanced industrial equipment, combat vehicles, gas turbines, spacecraft and so on. The preferred welding process for titanium alloy is gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding due to its comparatively easier applicability and better economy. However, welding of titanium alloy leads to grain coarsening at the fusion zone and the heat-affected zone, and this often results in inferior weld mechanical properties and poor resistance to hot cracking. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to refine the fusion zone microstructure of titanium alloy by using a pulsed current GTA welding process instead of a constant current GTA welding process. Further mathematical models were developed by means of a response surface method, which enabled the process parameters to be optimized to achieve a minimum grain size and maximum hardness in GTA welding of the alloy under study. The parameter optimization involved the use of a response surface, contour plots and Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
Ligand-Based CoMFA Study on Pyridylpyrazolopyridine Derivatives as PKCθ Kinase Inhibitors
Balasubramanian, Pavithra K.,Balupuri, Anand,Cho, Seung Joo The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2014 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.7 No.4
Protein kinase C theta (PKC-${\theta}$) is a serine/threonine specific protein kinase. It is largely expressed in the T-cells and CD28 signaling. PKC-${\theta}$ phosphorylates diverse proteins that are involved in the various cellular signaling pathways. Activated PKC-${\theta}$ in turn activates other transcription factors that control the proliferation and differentiation of T- cells. PKC-${\theta}$ is considered to be an interesting therapeutic target due to its crucial role in the proliferation, differentiation and survival of T-cells. In the present study, we have performed ligand-based CoMFA study on a series of pyridylpyrazolopyridine derivatives as PKC-${\theta}$ inhibitors. An acceptable CoMFA model ($q^2$=0.544; ONC=4; $r^2$=0.876) was developed and validated by Bootsrapping and progressive sampling. The CoMFA contour map suggested the regions to increase the activity. Bulky substitutions in R2 position of the piperizine ring could increase the activity. Similarly positive, small substitution in the R1 position of the Pyridine ring could considerably increase the activity. Our work could assist in designing more potent PKC-${\theta}$ inhibitors of pyridylpyrazolopyridine derivatives.
Balasubramanian Viswanathan,Raman Ganesan 한국화학공학회 2005 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.22 No.1
Bis(ethylenediamine) copper(II) complex was encapsulated in NaY, KL, Na and NaZSM-5 zeolite. Theredox properties of metal complexes in neat and encapsulated state were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The redoxpotential of metal complex is altered towards negative value upon encapsulation in various zeolites. This may be dueto axial interaction with various zeolite matrix. The redox properties of biological systems are also altered (cytochrome-C, and Vitamin-B12) when they are imobilized on NaAlMCM-41 materials. The coper ethylenediamine complexin constrained environment shows higher activity for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide compared to that of neat complex.
A CoMFA Study of Phenoxypyridine-Based JNK3 Inhibitors Using Various Partial Charge Schemes
Balasubramanian, Pavithra K.,Balupuri, Anand,Cho, Seung Joo The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2014 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.7 No.1
The (c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3) JNK3 is a potential therapeutic target for various neurological disorders. Here, a three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study on phenoxypyridine as JNK3 inhibitors was performed to rationalize the structural requirements responsible for the inhibitory activity of these compounds. The comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) using different partial atomic charges, was employed to understand the structural factors affecting JNK3 inhibitory potency. The Gasteiger-Marsili yielded a CoMFA model with cross-validated correlation coefficient ($q^2$) of 0.54 and non-cross-validated correlation coefficient ($r^2$) of 0.93 with five components. Furthermore, contour maps suggested that bulky substitution with oxygen atom in $R^3$ position could enhance the activity considerably. The work suggests that further chemical modifications of the compounds could lead to enhanced activity and could assist in the design of novel JNK3 inhibitors.
FFDSOGI-PLL-based DSTATCOM for Power Quality Enhancement
Balasubramanian M,Nagarajan C 대한전자공학회 2022 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.11 No.5
This paper proposes a control technique based on a frequency-fixed dual second-order generalized integrator phase-locked loop (FFDSOGI-PLL) for a Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM). The goal is to mitigate power-quality (PQ) issues in a three-phase distribution network with a weak grid. The phase angle, symmetrical components, and positive sequence of supply voltages were estimated using the FFDSOGI-PLL even in a polluted grid environment. The active component magnitude of the fundamental load current was extracted using SOGI, which also reduces the PQ issues by generating compensating current. The effectiveness of the proposed FFDSOGI-PLL-based DSTATCOM was verified for functions like load balancing, power factor correction (PFC), harmonics reduction, etc. This was done in MATLAB/SIMULINK under steadystate and dynamic conditions. The simulation results show that the FFDSOGI-PLL-based control algorithm has faster convergence and quick dynamic response. Hence, the DSTATCOM performance is satisfactory for mitigating PQ issues with the FFDSOGI-PLL-based control technique.
Balasubramanian, Rukmanikrishnan.,Kim, Sam Soo,Lee, Jintae,Lee, Jaewoong Elsevier 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.123 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The hydrogel based composite film was prepared from <I>k</I>-Carrageenan (<I>k</I>-C), xanthan gum (X) and gellan gum (G) by solvent casting method. The transparent films made from these gellable materials with synergistic hydrogel composition have soft texture, good elasticity and excellent break strength. The <I>k</I>-C/X/G based nanocomposite films prepared from different weight ratio of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were characterized for new packaging materials. The morphology, structure and microstructure properties of the <I>k</I>-C/X/G and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite films were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis. By the incorporation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> in the <I>k</I>-C/X/G nanocomposite films, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, T<SUB>g</SUB> and thermal stability of the films were greatly enhanced. Due to the hydrophobic nature of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles there is an increase in contact angle whereas moisture content of the films decreased. The water vapor permeability (WVP) and ultra violet lights transmittance decrease upon increasing the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> content. The <I>k</I>-C/X/G and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposites effectively shield the UV light, exhibited partial microbial activity against <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> and have a high potential for the application in food and non-food industries as UV shielding packaging materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fabrication of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> based k-C/X/G nanocomposite films by solution casting method. </LI> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB> increased the hydrophobic nature of the films. </LI> <LI> The nanocomposite films improved their thermal stability, mechanical and water barrier properties compared with neat films. </LI> <LI> These nanocomposite films developed for food packaging applications. </LI> </UL> </P>
High performance maleic acid based oil well scale inhibitors—Development and comparative evaluation
Balasubramanian Senthilmurugan,Bisweswar Ghosh,Siva Sanker 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.3
Scale formation in industrial systems is an important engineering problem that leads to decreased system efficiencies, increased frequency of chemical cleaning and an increased number of outages due to metal integrity failure. In order to minimize the formation of scale deposits, threshold scale inhibitor treatments are common practice in an industry. This paper describes synthesis, characterization and comparative evaluation of two low molecular weight maleic acid copolymers as potential calcite scale inhibitors. GPC, FT-IR and thermal analyzers were employed for molecular characterization; scale inhibition efficiency was studied through static jar test, dynamic tube block method, iron dispersing ability test and through electrochemical technique such as electrochemical impedance technique. SEM analysis demonstrated inhibited and un-inhibited crystal morphology. Complete scale inhibition was possible at a low dose of 20–25 ppm throughout the test regime.