Growth Performance and Behaviour in Grouped Pigs Fed Fibrous Diet

Bakare, A.G.,Madzimure, J.,Ndou, S.P.,Chimonyo, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.8

The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of feeding fibrous diets on growth performance and occurrence of aggressive behaviours in growing pigs. Sixty healthy castrated pigs (initial body weight: $46.7{\pm}4.35$ kg) were used. A basal diet was diluted with maize cobs to two levels (0 and 160 g/kg dry matter). Behavioural activities were observed using video cameras for three weeks, 8 h/d starting at 0800 h. Pigs subjected to control diet gained more weight compared to pigs receiving fibrous diet in week 1 (0.47 vs 0.15 kg, respectively) and 2 (1.37 vs 1.04, respectively) (p<0.05). Average daily gain was not affected by treatment diet in the third week. Pigs on high fibrous spent more time eating, lying down, standing, walking and fighting (p<0.05) compared to pigs on control diet. Time spent eating increased as the weeks progressed whilst time spent lying down decreased. Time of day had an effect on time spent on different behavioural activities exhibited by all pigs on different treatment diet (p<0.05). Inactivity was greatest in 5th (1200 to 1300 h) hour of the day for all the pigs on different dietary treatments. Skin lesions appeared the most on neck and shoulder region followed by chest, stomach and hind leg region, and finally head region (p<0.05). Pigs on high fibre diet had more skin lesions in all body regions compared to pigs on control diet (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the high fibrous diet with maize cobs did not affect growth performance and also did not reduce aggressive behaviours. Aggressive behaviours emanated out of frustration when queuing on the feeder. The findings of this study suggest that maize cobs can be included at a level of 160 g/kg in diets of pigs. However, to reduce the level of aggression more feeding space should be provided.

An Assessment of Records Management Practice in Selected Local Government Councils in Ogun State, Nigeria

Bakare, Abdullahi A.,Abioye, Abiola A.,Issa, Abdulwahab Olanrewaju Korea Institute of Science and Technology Informat 2016 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.4 No.1

What government does/fails to do is conveyed to the public largely by records and information of various types in the public service, without which there will be no government. When records are poorly managed, much time is involved in sorting and locating needed information from large volumes of records. The rate of records misplaced or lost from which useful information for decision making is usually obtained makes it difficult to provide concise and up-to-date records of both past and present operations, raising the challenge of effective record-keeping. Thus this study examined records management practices in selected local government councils in Ogun State, Nigeria, adopting the descriptive survey research method using questionnaires for data collection. Its population comprised 415 records of personnel in the selected councils, of which 208 were sampled using simple random technique. From the 208 copies of the questionnaire administered on the registry personnel, 150 copies were useable, with a 72.12% response rate. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. The results indicated a prevalence of paper as the dominant medium for recording/conveying information in the councils with most of these being either in active state, semi-active, and vital and were kept and maintained in the registry, while in-active records were kept in the records store. Storage facilities for record-keeping were insufficient. Security measures against unauthorized access to records were by restrictions and subject users to managerial clearance. The study concluded that council records were in chaos and recommended the formulation of coherent records management policy, adequate budgetary provision, and adequate finance.

Antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects of bromelain in chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in Wistar rats

Ahmed Olalekan Bakare,Bamidele Victor Owoyele 대한통증학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.33 No.1

Background: The continuous search for a novel neuropathic pain drug with few or no side effects has been a main focus of researchers for decades. This study investigated the antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects of bromelain in sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats randomly divided into eight groups comprised of six animals each were used for this study. Peripheral neuropathy was induced via chronic constriction of the common sciatic nerve. Thermal hyperalgesic and mechanical allodynia were assessed using a hotplate and von Frey filaments, respectively. The functional recovery and structural architecture of the ligated sciatic nerve were evaluated using the sciatic functional index test and a histological examination of the transverse section of the sciatic nerve. The neuroprotective effects of bromelain were investigated in the proximal sciatic nerve tissue after 21 days of treatment. Results: Bromelain significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated both the thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynic indices of neuropathic pain. There were improvements in sciatic function and structural integrity in rats treated with bromelain. These rats showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in sciatic nerve nuclear transcription factors (nuclear factor erythroid-derived-2-related factors-1 [NrF-1] and NrF-2), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione), and reduced membranelipid peroxidation compared with the ligated control group. Conclusions: This study suggest that bromelain mitigated neuropathic pain by enhancing the activities of nuclear transcription factors (NrF-1 and NrF-2) which increases the antioxidant defense system that abolish neuronal stress and structural disorganization.

Aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. induced mitodepression and chromosomal aberration in Allium cepa, and reproductive genotoxicity in male mice

Adekunle A. Bakare,Andreal Akpofure,Adeyinka M. Gbadebo,Olukunle S. Fagbenro,Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.4

Moringa oleifera is a multipurpose plant with nutritional and medicinal value. Despite its widely acclaimed therapeutic benefits in traditional medicine, there are reports on its toxicity in living cells. Information is however, limited on toxic effect of the plant on the genetic component and male reproductive cells. We evaluated genotoxicity of aqueous extract of the leaves of M. oleifera using the Allium cepa chromosome aberration (CA) and mouse sperm morphology assays. Roots of onion bulbs were exposed to 0.5–20% of the extract for analysis of root growth inhibition, mitotic index (MI) and CA. Swiss male mice orally exposed to the aqueous extract (50–800 mg/kg) for 35 consecutive days were analysed for body and testes weight, testicular histology and sperm morphology. There was a significant (p < 0.05) root growth inhibition, decrease in MI and induction of CA compared to the negative control bulbs. The extract did not cause adverse effect on body and testes weight, but maturation arrest, atrophy and germ cell sloughing and degeneration were observed in testicular sections of exposed mice. A significant increase in sperm morphology was observed in exposed mice relative to the control group. Aqueous extract of M. oleifera was cytotoxic, mitodepressive and genotoxic in A. cepa. It induced DNA damage in the sperm head and interfered with spermatogenesis. This suggests potentials of M. oleifera to modulate somatic cell cycle and impact male fertility.

Prostaglandin E2 and oxidative defense system contributed to anti‑nociception action of aqueous Adansonia digitata bark extract in induced neuropathic pain in Wistar rats

A. O. Bakare,A. L. Oyewole,B. V. Owoyele 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2019 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.19 No.3

Diverse etiology of neuropathic pain conditions demands new understanding of its pathogenesis and development of efective therapy. Treatment of induced neuropathic pain using aqueous Adansonia digitata bark extract has not been investigated. We probed the systemic administration efects of A. digitata bark extract on sciatic nerve ligated induced neuropathic pain. Treatments with extract caused increased pain threshold on hot plate, hot- and cold-immersion test. Notably, an apparent decreased in systemic prostaglandin E2 occurred concurrently with strengthened oxidative defense system. By contrast, extract-hexamethonium, -propranolol, -atropine or -prazosin cotreatments in induced-neuropathic rats suggested no involvement of muscarinic, nicotinic, beta or alpha-1 receptors in the analgesic action of the extract. Though, a weaken oxidative defense system was observed based on oxidative markers measured. These results indicate the crude extract ability to induce pain relief in neuropathic pain and this coincides with degree of decreased PGE2 and increased antioxidants as well as decreased lipid peroxidation product. This is the frst report demonstrating the usefulness of aqueous A. digitata bark extract in the management of neuropathic pain, an action that involves alteration of PGE2 and oxidative defense system.

Mondia whitei, an African Spice Inhibits Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Rat Liver

Olanlokun Oludele,Bakare Idris,Ofoegbu Benard,Uleh Pius,Olorunsogo Olufunso 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.23 No.3

Mondia whitei is an African traditional spice with aphrodisiac properties. Inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore is an important cytoprotective process essential for cell survival. In this study, the effects of methanol extract (ME), dichloromethane (DCMF), ethyl acetate (EF), and methanol fractions (MF) of Mondia whitei on mPT, mitochondrial ATPase, lipid peroxidation, testosterone hormone (TH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were investigated; sperm analyses were also carried out. Male experimental rats were treated intraperitoneally with 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg bw of ME, DCMF, EF, and MF of Mondia whitei for two weeks. The positive and the negative controls received sildenafil citrate and the vehicle, respectively. The results showed that mPT was inhibited by MF at the highest dose. The ME, DCMF, and MF did not enhance ATPase activity. The levels of TH, FSH, and LH varied linearly with the drug dose only in EF. Malondialdehyde levels in the treated groups were significantly higher than the normal control. There were no significant defects in sperm produced by the animals in all the treated groups relative to the control. This study showed that the extract and fractions of Mondia whitei have cytoprotective effects and may prevent mitochondrial-mediated cell death.

Corrigendum: Synergistic interaction between acetaminophen and L-carnosine improved neuropathic pain via NF-𝛋B pathway and antioxidant properties in chronic constriction injury model

Owoyele, Bamidele Victor,Bakare, Ahmed Olalekan,Olaseinde, Olutayo Folajimi,Ochu, Mohammed Jelil,Yusuff, Akorede Munirdeen,Ekebafe, Favour,Fogabi, Oluwadamilare Lanre,Treister, Roi The Korean Pain Society 2022 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.35 No.4

Antitrypanosomal Activities and Cytotoxicity of Some Novel Imidosubstituted 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives

Mozna H. Khraiwesh,Oladapo Bakare,Clarence M. Lee,Yakini Brandy,Emmanuel S. Akinboye,Solomon Berhe,Genelle Gittens,Muneer M. Abbas,Franklin R. Ampy,Mohammad Ashraf 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.1

The antitrypanosomal activities, cytotoxicity, and selectivity indices of eleven imido-substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives and nifurtimox have been studied. Compared to nifurtimox (IC50 = 10.67 μM), all the imido-naphthoquinone analogs (IMDNQ1-IMDNQ11) are more potent on Trypanosoma cruzi with IC50 values ranging from 0.7 μM to 6.1 μM (p < 0.05). Studies of the cytotoxic activities of these compounds on a Balb/C 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line revealed that four of these compounds, IMDNQ1, IMDNQ2, IMDNQ3, and IMDNQ10 displayed selectivity indices of 60.25, 53.97, 31.83, and 275.3, respectively, rendering them significantly (p < 0.05) more selective in inhibiting the parasite growth than nifurtimox (selectivity index = 10.86).

Indigenous chicken production in Fiji Islands: knowledge, constraints and opportunities

Zindove, Titus Jairus,Bakare, Archibold Garikayi,Iji, Paul Ade Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.5

Objective: The objective of the study was to understand and document socio-economic characteristics, production parameters, challenges and management practices used by Fijian households which keep indigenous chickens. Methods: A survey involving 200 households was carried out in coastal and inland communities of Fiji's wet and semi-dry ecoregions. Data on the influence of ecoregion and location of households relative to the sea on management practices, challenges and productivity of indigenous chickens were analyzed using logistic regression and general linear model of SAS software. Results: Irrespective of location relative to the sea and ecoregion, households indicated that they kept indigenous chickens for food and income generation. The Welsummer was the most (p>0.05) preferred breed. Households in the semi-dry inland communities had the largest (p<0.05) flocks compared to those in semi-dry coastal communities and the wet region. Chickens in the semi-dry region performed better (p<0.05) than those in the wet region in terms of number of clutches per year and mature live weight. Predators and feed shortages were the biggest challenges faced by households in all areas. The mongoose was ranked as the most (p>0.05) common predator followed by domestic dogs. Most households in the wet ecoregion's coastal communities housed their chickens at night, whereas communities in semi-dry ecoregion housed their chickens most of the time (p<0.05). In all regions, no households sold their chickens to commercial markets (p>0.05). Households in semi-dry ecoregion were more likely (p>0.05) to sell their chickens at the local market place. Conclusion: The productivity of local chickens in Fiji is low because of feed shortage, predators such as the mongoose and lack of market linkages.

Facile and rapid preparation of platinum counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Sarker, S.,Seo, H.W.,Bakare, F.O.,Aziz, Md.A.,Kim, D.M. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 Journal of photochemistry and photobiology Chemist Vol. No.

<P>Here, we report on the deposition of platinum nanoparticles (PNPs) on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by synthesizing PNPs through chemical reduction of potassium tetrachloroplatinate with formic acid, and subsequently depositing the PNPs on FTO substrate at 70 degrees C; and application of the chemically reduced Pt electrodes (CRs) as the counter electrodes (CEs) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The surface morphology and catalytic activity of the prepared CRs were studied along with conventional thermally decomposed Pt electrodes (TDs). Electrochemical study showed that the catalytic performance of the CRs toward the reduction of I-3(-) was comparable to that of TDs. Also, the photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs with CRs were similar to that with TDs. The method of preparing Pt electrodes through chemical reduction is so fast that the whole process of preparing a set of CRs, after pre-cleaning of the FTO substrates, takes less than 30 min. Most importantly, the present method enables low temperature fabrication of Pt electrodes even on flexible substrates. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>