http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Chao Li,Baihong Li,Guoming Gao,Lijun Zhang,Shu Zhang,Lei Zhang,Jun Xiang,Song Hu,Yi Wang,Xun Hu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.125 No.-
Drying at 100 C is a common practice for processing many biomasses for their further thermochemicalconversion via the routes such as pyrolysis. The drying temperature of 100 C is low, but might not be toolow to cause any impact on pyrolytic behaviors of a biomass feedstock. In this study, varied scenarios ofthermal pretreatment of poplar sawdust (oven-drying, boiling in water and microwave heating) at 100 Cwere screened for probing their potential influence on the pyrolytic behaviors at 500 and 750 C. Comparing with oven-drying, boiling in water (cooking) and microwave heating at 100 C could removesome oxygen-containing species, increasing carbon content of the pretreated sawdust and promotingcarbonization in pyrolysis. This enhanced formation of biochar, heavy p-conjugated organics in bio-oil,but suppressed generation of gas. The cooking or microwave heating pretreatment also promoted aromatizationto form the biochar of higher thermal stability, higher crystallinity, and higher aromatic degree,due to the enhanced deoxygenation reactions in the pyrolysis. The in-situ IR characterization suggestedthat microwave pretreatment promoted generation of unsaturated ketones and also the species with olefinicC = C, favoring their further aromatization. The cooking pretreatment impacted transformationroutes of the oxygen-containing organics, thus modifying pyrolysis behaviors of the pretreated sawdust.
Identification of Dominant Microbial Community and Diversity in Continuously Cropped Pepper Fields
Hui Wang,Li Liu,Shuyi Yu,Tianshu Guan,Baihong Li,Qi Wang,Changyuan Liu 한국원예학회 2021 원예과학기술지 Vol.39 No.4
Pepper blight is the most significant soil-borne disease affecting the continuous cropping of peppers. To identify the effect of Phytophthora capsici infection on microbial flora, we isolated and counted the microorganisms collected from the rhizosphere soil of P. capsici-affected farms that continuously cropped pepper for 3, 6, and 9 years in Liaoning Province, China. The colony and cell morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence of bacteria and actinomycetes were documented. In addition, colony and microscopic morphology of fungi and the rDNA-ITS sequence were analysed for classification. We observed that healthy and diseased peppers had the largest number of bacteria in the rhizosphere followed by actinomycetes and fungi. After infection, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased with a corresponding increase in the number of fungi, leading to a reduction in the ratio of bacteria/fungi to actinomycetes/fungi. We identified 15 dominant bacterial strains, of which Bacillus represented the most abundant genus consisting of 7 strains followed by Flavobacterium and Staphylococcus. Furthermore, 15 of the 17 actinomycetes strains belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Among the six fungal strains, we found P. infestans, Fusarium, and Penicillium consisting of two strains each. This study elucidated the impact of pathogenic P. capsici on the composition of soil microbes over time and characterized several cultivatable dominant bacterial groups, which can provide a basis for practical intervention strategies to improve soil conditions for continuous cropping.