Cancers of the Young Population in Brunei Darussalam

Mohammad, Ibnu Ayyub,Bujang, Mas Rina Wati,Telisinghe, Pemasari Upali,Abdullah, Muhd Syafiq,Chong, Chee Fui,Chong, Vui Heng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Background: Globally, the overall incidence of cancer is increasing as a result of ageing populations and changing lifestyles. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death, especially in the developed nations. Cancers affecting the young population are generally considered uncommon. This study assessed the demography and trends of cancers of the young in Brunei Darussalam, a small and developing Southeast Asia nation. Materials and Methods: All patients diagnosed with cancers between 2000 and 2012 were identified from the cancer registry maintained by the State Histopathology Laboratory. Cancers of the young was defined as any cancers diagnosed under the age of 40 years. Demographic data and the type of cancers were collected and analysed using SPSS Statistics 17.0. Results: Among the 6,460 patients diagnosed with cancer over the study period, 18.7% (n=1,205) were categorized as young with an overall decline in the proportion from 26.6% in 2000 to 18.8% in 2012 (p<0.001 for trend). Among all cancers of the young, the most common systems affected were gynecological (24.1%), hematological/lymphatic (15.8%), subcutaneous/dermatological/ musculoskeletal (10.5%), breast (10.5%) and gastrointestinal (9.9%). Overall, among the different systems, neurological (54.9%) had the highest proportion of cancers of the young followed by gynecological/reproductive (30.6%), hematological/lymphatic (39.9%), endocrine (38.7%), subcutaneous/dermatological/ musculoskeletal (22.3%) and the head and neck region (20.1%). There was a female predominance (66.9%) and the incidence was significantly higher among the Malays (20.1%) and expatriates (25.1%) groups compared to the Chinese (10.7%) and indigenous (16.8%) groups (p<0.001 for trend). Conclusions: Cancers of the young (<40 years) accounted for almost a fifth of all cancers in Brunei Darussalam with certain organ systems more strongly affected. There was a female preponderance in all racial groups. Over the years, there has been a decline in the overall proportion of cancers of the young. Selective screening programs should nevertheless be considered.

Hardware Implementation of Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Solar Photovoltaic System

Ilyas, Afshan,Ayyub, Mohammad,Khan, M. Rizwan,Husain, Mohammed Aslam,Jain, Abhinandan The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2018 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.19 No.3

Solar photovoltaic systems have evolved as a prominent renewable source of energy owing to its eco-friendly nature, long lifetime, and low maintenance requirement. However, its conversion efficiency is very low. Different maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have been used to extract maximum power from the photovoltaic system. In this study, the perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm, which is practically implemented on an Arduino Uno board and simulated in Matlab/Simulink under the same environmental conditions, is used to track the maximum power. Different parameters of a Simulink-based PV module and a practical photovoltaic module are obtained and compared. The main advantages of the P&O MPPT algorithm are its low cost and easy implementation. However, it may fail to track the maximum operating point under varying environmental conditions.

Effect of Pre- and Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of GTD-111 Superalloy Welds

Morteza Taheri,Ayyub Halvaee,Seyed Farshid Kashani‑Bozorg 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

In this paper, the liquation cracking and strain-age cracking behavior of nickel-based GTD-111 superalloy which is weldedby Nd:YAG pulse laser through several heat treatment cycles, has been studied. The effort was to develop the most suitablemicrostructure concerning shape, morphology and γʹ phase volume fraction by several different heat treatment cycles inorder to obtain a weld without any defects. The results revealed that γʹ, γ–γʹ eutectic, MC carbide, Boride enriched withCr–Mo, and Ni–Zr intermetallic phase are the most important parameters in the formation of grain boundary melt and cracksin HAZ in casting conditions. Before welding, a full solution heat treatment resulted in the omission of liquation cracking,which attributed to full solution of boride and Ni–Zr intermetallic phases, and the solution treatment of a high percentageeutectic phases, and γʹ. Investigations on the hardness of the base metal showed that there was a direct relationship betweenhardness of the base metal and crack length. In such case, as the hardness of the base metal increases, it’s not only added toabsorption of more welding stresses, but also stress release decreased, which resulted in the expansion of cracking in HAZ.Added to this, aging treatment of samples which were undergone aging treatment before welding, resulted in the formationof strain-age cracking due to γʹ phase precipitation.

Hardware Implementation of Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Solar Photovoltaic System

Afshan Ilyas,Mohammad Ayyub,M. Rizwan Khan,Mohammed Aslam Husain,Abhinandan Jain 한국전기전자재료학회 2018 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.19 No.3

Solar photovoltaic systems have evolved as a prominent renewable source of energy owing to its eco-friendly nature, longlifetime, and low maintenance requirement. However, its conversion effi ciency is very low. Diff erent maximum power pointtracking (MPPT) techniques have been used to extract maximum power from the photovoltaic system. In this study, theperturb and observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm, which is practically implemented on an Arduino Uno board and simulated inMatlab/Simulink under the same environmental conditions, is used to track the maximum power. Diff erent parameters ofa Simulink-based PV module and a practical photovoltaic module are obtained and compared. The main advantages of theP&O MPPT algorithm are its low cost and easy implementation. However, it may fail to track the maximum operating pointunder varying environmental conditions.

Supplemental potassium mediates antioxidant metabolism, physiological processes, and osmoregulation to confer salt stress tolerance in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.)

Waqas Ahmad,Chaudhary Muhammad Ayyub,Muhammad Asif Shehzad,Khurram Ziaf,Muhammad Ijaz,Ahmad Sher,Tahira Abbas,Jamil Shafi 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.6

Soil salinity is one of the severe threats of climate change that inflicts heavy losses to vegetable production. Potassium (K) has been considered essential approach against abiotic stresses in food crops, however, understanding of K regulated mechanisms for inducing tolerance to NaCl stress in cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) plants is, still elusive. Here, we report the supplemental K effects on antioxidant defense system and physiological processes that may influence the cabbage production under saline conditions. Initially, cabbage varieties (‘Stone Head’, ‘Golden Acre’, ‘9j-940’, ‘Beauty Ball’, ‘Green Ball’, ‘Green Rise’, ‘Marco F-1’) were tested under NaCl stress (50, 100, 150, and 200 mM) for their higher growth, vigor index and mineral contents. The identified cabbage var. salt-tolerant, cv. Beauty Ball (BB) and salt-sensitive cv. Green Ball (GB) were further exposed to foliar K (5 and 10 mM solutions of KNO3) under the same NaCl regimes. NaCl stress markedly inhibited photosynthetic efficiency, water status and chlorophyll pigments, thereby, resulted in reduced dry biomass of both varieties. Nevertheless, exogenous K spray at 10 mM caused positive gain in leaf water relations, chlorophyll contents in both cabbage varieties. The ameliorative impacts of K were more pronounced in salt-tolerant cv. BB as compared to salt-sensitive cv. GB in terms of higher accumulation of total soluble proteins, total free amino acids, proline contents, upregulated antioxidant activities and enhanced gas exchange characteristics. Hence, improvement in growth and K+/Na+ ratio of cabbage plants by foliar K application (10 mM) were related to up-regulation of physiological and biochemical mechanisms under saline conditions.

Assessing Service Quality in Public and Private Medical Schools of Pakistan: a faculty`s perceptive

( Faisal Khurshid ),( Muhammad Usman Awan ),( Samia Ayyub ) 한국품질경영학회 2015 한국품질경영학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.2

Purpose: Higher education institutions operated by public and private possession, differ in the methods for administration and decision making. Stakeholders of each sector experience a different proposition of benefits and services. As the role of propelled and satisfied faculty in conferring quality education is imperative so this study is devoted to the faculty concerns and issues. The reason for this paper is to analyze, examine and compare the service quality perceived by the faculties of both public and private sector medical schools geographically located within Punjab, which is the largest province (with 60% of Population) of Pakistan. Methodology: A survey instrument based on the recommendations of Waugh, R. F. (2002) and Owlia & Aspinwall (1996) was customized and contextualized to assess the service quality dimensions. Five dimensions included in the final instrument are listed below Tangibility: Physical appearance and infrastructure such as building equipments Content: The degree of significance of schooling material to the student needs Competence: The proficiency and knowledge of faculty members Reliability and Responsiveness: Availability of safe and reliable administrative suggestion Assurance and Empathy: Experience the courtesy and assurance while interacting with school administration. Non-Probability Purposive Convenience sampling was utilized to collect data from 349 faculty members of 10 different medical schools of Punjab. The independent sample t-test was employed in this study to identify the difference in perceived service quality of public and private sector medical school. Findings: Results of the independent sample t-test show that academic staff members perceive three dimensions Content , Reliability and Responsiveness, Assurance and Empathy significantly different in public and private medical schools (p<0.05) whereas in case of Tangibility, and Competence faculty members difference in opinion is statistically insignificantly in case of Tangibility and Competence (p>0.05). Originality of Paper: This is the first exertion in medical schools settings to quantify and compare the service quality perceived by faculty members which are main determinant of overall quality of higher education. This paper may be used for improving managerial/ administrative practices and can likewise be utilized a base for further research in related fields.

A Randomized Active Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of a Topical Unani Formulation Marham Kharish Jadeed in the Management of Qūbā (Tinea Corporis)

Aaliya, Aaliya,Nawab, Mohammad,Kazmi, M.H.,Ayyub, Sana Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.3

Introduction: Qūbā (Tinea Corporis) is a very common disease widely prevalent worldwide. 20 - 25 % individuals suffer for this stubborn disease. Unani System of Medicine offers its treatment. There are many pharmacopoeial formulations indicated for various types of dermatophytic infections. In this study clinical efficacy and safety of the topical Unani formulation Marham Kharish Jadeed (a compound drug in the dosage form of an ointment) was assessed and compared with a standard conventional medicine. Materials and methods: A clinical study was conducted on 60 participants of qūbā randomized into test and control groups (n=30 in each group). The participants were clinically diagnosed and confirmed by microscopy of skin scrapings. The efficacy of the Unani formulation was assessed in terms of TSS score and elimination of fungal elements from the skin lesions. The data collected were analyzed statistically. Results and discussion: The study showed that the Unani formulation had comparatively better efficacy clinically than conventional medicine Terbinafine hydrochloride 1% cream in terms of reduction of itching, erythema, scaling, peripheral raised margins of the lesion comparing to baseline. In this study, 27 participants in test group and 18 participants in control group were completely cured (≥75% reduction in TSS Score with Mycological Cure) after 4 weeks of treatment. The efficacy of the Unani formulation was found significant statistically. The individual drugs of the formulations having analgesic (Musakkin), blood purifier (Muṣaffi-i-Dam), demulcent (Mulaṭṭif), antifungal (Qātil-i-fafūndῑ), detergent (Jālῑ), refrigerant (Mubarrid) and antiseptic (Dāfi'-i-'Ufūnat) properties might be responsible for the efficacy of Unani formulation. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggested that the Unani formulation was found effective and safe in the management of qūbā. No local and systemic adverse effect was reported during the study.

A Remote Sensing Scene Classification Model Based on EfficientNetV2L Deep Neural Networks

Aljabri, Atif A.,Alshanqiti, Abdullah,Alkhodre, Ahmad B.,Alzahem, Ayyub,Hagag, Ahmed International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.10

Scene classification of very high-resolution (VHR) imagery can attribute semantics to land cover in a variety of domains. Real-world application requirements have not been addressed by conventional techniques for remote sensing image classification. Recent research has demonstrated that deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are effective at extracting features due to their strong feature extraction capabilities. In order to improve classification performance, these approaches rely primarily on semantic information. Since the abstract and global semantic information makes it difficult for the network to correctly classify scene images with similar structures and high interclass similarity, it achieves a low classification accuracy. We propose a VHR remote sensing image classification model that uses extracts the global feature from the original VHR image using an EfficientNet-V2L CNN pre-trained to detect similar classes. The image is then classified using a multilayer perceptron (MLP). This method was evaluated using two benchmark remote sensing datasets: the 21-class UC Merced, and the 38-class PatternNet. As compared to other state-of-the-art models, the proposed model significantly improves performance.