The Relationships Among Occupational Safety Climate, Patient Safety Climate, and Safety Performance Based on Structural Equation Modeling

Aghaei Hamed,Sadat Asadi Zahra,Mirzaei Aliabadi Mostafa,Ahmadinia Hassan 대한예방의학회 2020 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.53 No.6

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships among hospital safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety outcomes among nurses. Methods: In the current cross-sectional study, the occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety performance of nurses were measured using several questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the relationships among occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and safety performance. Results: A total of 211 nurses participated in this study. Over half of them were female (57.0%). The age of the participants tended to be between 20 years and 30 years old (55.5%), and slightly more than half had less than 5 years of work experience (51.5%). The maximum and minimum scores of occupational safety climate dimensions were found for reporting of errors and cumulative fatigue, respectively. Among the dimensions of patient safety climate, non-punitive response to errors had the highest mean score, and manager expectations and actions promoting patient safety had the lowest mean score. The correlation coefficient for the relationship between occupational safety climate and patient safety climate was 0.63 (p<0.05). Occupational safety climate and patient safety climate also showed significant correlations with safety performance. Conclusions: Close correlations were found among occupational safety climate, patient safety climate, and nurses’ safety performance. Therefore, improving both the occupational and patient safety climate can improve nurses’ safety performance, consequently decreasing occupational and patient-related adverse outcomes in healthcare units.

Estimation of the Gastric Cancer Incidence in Tehran by Two-Source Capture-recapture

Aghaei, Abbas,Ahmadi-Jouibari, Toraj,Baiki, Omid,Mosavi-Jarrahi, Alireza Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.2

Introduction: Capture-recapture methods have been suggested for reducing costs of disease registration as well as reducing bias in incidence estimations. This study aimed to estimate the gastric cancer incidence in the Tehran metropolis population during 2002-2006. Materials and Methods: We investigated new cases of gastric cancer reported by three sources; death certificates, pathology reports, and medical records to Tehran population-based cancer registry during 2002-2006. $G^2$ statistics and the two-source capture-recapture method were used to select the best-fitted log-linear model and to estimate incidence, respectively. EXCEL software version 2007 and SPSS software version 16 were used for this research. Results: The number of reported cases was 4,463, with an average age of 68.5 (${\pm}12.9$) years. We found the model that combined two sources of data including pathology reports and medical records and furthermore complemented by death certificates as the best model. The reported and the estimated incidences were 11.0 and 27.1 per 100,000 respectively. Conclusions: The incidence estimated by two-source capture-recapture method is about three times higher than the incidence reported by the sources under investigation. It is recommended to move towards the implementation of population-based cancer registration using various sources of data collection to achieve more accurate data.

Coverage, Density and Completeness of Sources used in Tehran Metropolitan Area Cancer Registry: According to the Data of Esophageal Cancer, 2003-2007

Aghaei, Abbas,Najafi, Farid,Mosavi-Jarrahi, Alireza,Ahmadi-Jouibari, Toraj Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Background: The completeness of cancer registration is a major validity index of any reported cancer incidence. The present study aimed to evaluate the esophageal cancer incidence registered in the Tehran Metropolitan Area Cancer Registry. Materials and methods: The data on esophageal cancer abstracted from three sources of 1) pathology departments, 2) medical records, and 3) death certificates during 2003 till 2007 were utilized. The completeness of the data sources were evaluated using coverage (defined as the proportion of a community population with esophageal cancer identified by the source) and density (defined as the proportion of non-empty fields of the data by source). Results: A total 1,404 cases of esophageal cancer were reported for the duration of the study. Pathology provided 771, medical records 432, and death certificates 609. The coverage was 0.55 for pathology, 0.31 for medical records, and 0.43 for death certificates. The respective density values were 0.82, 0.96 and 0.98, respectively. Pathology (0.45) was the most complete source followed by medical records (0.42), and death certificates (0.29). Discussion: A low degree of completeness dictates putting more effort into case finding plus abstracting data more thoroughly.

Effects of nozzle arrangement angle on the performance of partially admitted turbines

Reza Aghaei-Togh,Abolghasem M. Tousi 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.1

This paper presents the experimental and numerical evaluations of the effects of a supersonic Nozzle arrangement angle (NAA) on the performance of an impulse axial turbine. The studied model is a small turbine with a large pressure ratio that is used to gain high specific work output. As a result of its low mass flow rate, the turbine is used under partial admission conditions. The turbine stator is a group of convergence–divergence nozzles that provide supersonic flow. Five stators with different NAAs are modeled and tested. Results show that NAA exerts considerable impact on the performance of the turbine. In this work, suggestions for achieving a decent design process for partly arranged nozzles are offered, and the proposed model and numerical analysis are validated using experimental tests.

A study on different failure criteria to predict damage in glass/polyester composite beams under low velocity impact

Manizheh Aghaei,Mohammad R. Forouzan,Mehdi Nikforouz,Elham Shahabi 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.5

Damage caused by low velocity impact is so dangerous in composites because although in most cases it is not visible to the eye, it can greatly reduce the strength of the composite material. In this paper, damage development in U-section glass/polyester pultruded beams subjected to low velocity impact was considered. Different failure criteria such as Maximum stress, Maximum strain, Hou, Hashin and the combination of Maximum strain criteria for fiber failure and Hou criteria for matrix failure were programmed and implemented in ABAQUS software via a user subroutine VUMAT. A suitable degradation model was also considered for reducing material constants due to damage. Experimental tests, which performed to validate numerical results, showed that Hashin and Hou failure criteria have better accuracy in predicting force-time history than the other three criteria. However, maximum stress and Hashin failure criteria had the best prediction for damage area, in comparison with the other three criteria. Finally in order to compare numerical model with the experimental results in terms of extent of damage, bending test was performed after impact and the behavior of the beam was considered.

Outcome Measures of Functionality, Social Interaction, and Pain in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Validation Study for the Iranian Version of the Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale

Hossein Nayeb Aghaei,Parisa Azimi,Sohrab Shahzadi,Shirzad Azhari,Hassan Reza Mohammadi,Pooyan Alizadeh,Ali Montazeri 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.6

Study Design: Cross-sectional. Purpose: To translate and validate the Iranian version of the Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale (CNFDS). Overview of Literature: Instruments measuring patient-reported outcomes should satisfy certain psychometric properties. Methods: Ninety-three cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy were entered into the study and completed the CNFDS pre and postoperatively at the 6 month follow-up. The modified Japanese Orthopedic Association Score was also completed. The internal consistency, test-retest, convergent validity, construct validity (item scale correlation), and responsiveness to change were assessed. Results: Mean age of the patients was 54.3 years (standard deviation, 8.9). The Cronbach α coefficient was satisfactory (α=0.84). Test-retest reliability as assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient analysis was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.92–0.98). The modified Japanese Orthopedic Association score correlated strongly with the CNFDS score, lending support to its good convergent validity (r =−0.80; p <0.001). Additionally, the correlation of each item with its hypothesized domain on the CNFDS was acceptable, suggesting that the items had a substantial relationship with their own domains. These results also indicate that the instrument was responsive to change (p <0.0001). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the Iranian version of the CNFDS is a valid measure to assess functionality, social interaction, and pain among patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Role of the Self-Administered, Self-Reported History Questionnaire to Identify Types of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Sensitivity Analysis

Hossein Nayeb Aghaei,Parisa Azimi,Sohrab Shahzadi,Shirzad Azhari,Hassan Reza Mohammadi 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.5

Study Design: Case-control design. Purpose: To evaluate the role of the self-administered, self-reported history questionnaire (SSHQ) in identifying types of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Overview of Literature: Diagnosis of types of LSS is controversial. Methods: A total of 235 patients with LSS were asked to respond to the SSHQ. All of these patients recovered following surgical treatment. The classification of LSS patients was based on history, physical examinations, and imaging studies. It is considered to be the gold standard. Radicular and neurogenic claudication types of LSS were based on the SSHQ developed by Konno et al. Two categories of LSS were determined based on the SSHQ tool and gold standard. Finally, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic value of the SSHQ. Results: The mean age of patients was 59.4 years. According to the criteria for gold standard, patients were diagnosed with the radicular type (n=103), and neurogenic claudication type (n=132). The questionnaire had desirable sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in categorizing the two types of LSS: 97.8%, 66.6%, and 96.8% for the radicular type, and 97.0%, 80.0%, and 95.7% for the neurogenic claudication type. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the SSHQ is a reliable and a valid measure and it may be a clinical diagnosis support tool for identifying patients with two types of LSS.

Applications, Shortcomings, and New Advances of Job Safety Analysis (JSA): Findings from a Systematic Review

Ghasemi Fakhradin,Doostiirani Amin,Aghaei Hamed 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.2

Background: Job safety analysis (JSA) is a popular technique for hazard identification and risk assessment in workplaces that has been applied across a wide range of industries. This systematic review was conducted to answer four main questions regarding JSA: (1) which sectors and areas have used JSA? (2) What has been the aim of employing JSA? (3) What are the shortcomings of JSA? (4) What are the new advances in the field of JSA? Methods: Three main international databases were searched: SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PubMed. After screening and eligibility assessment, 49 articles were included. Results: Construction industries have used JSA the most, followed by process industries and healthcare settings. Hazard identification is the main aim of JSA, but it has been used for other purposes as well. Being time-consuming, the lack of an initial list of hazards, the lack of a universal risk assessment method, ignoring hazards from the surrounding activities, ambiguities regarding the team implementing JSA, and ignorance of the hierarchy of controls were the main shortcomings of JSA based on previous studies. Conclusion: In recent years, there have been interesting advances in JSA making attempts to solve shortcomings of the technique. A seven-step JSA was recommended to cover most shortcomings reported by studies.

Intrinsic Bauschinger Effect and Recoverable Plasticity in Pentatwinned Silver Nanowires Tested in Tension

Bernal, Rodrigo A.,Aghaei, Amin,Lee, Sangjun,Ryu, Seunghwa,Sohn, Kwonnam,Huang, Jiaxing,Cai, Wei,Espinosa, Horacio American Chemical Society 2015 NANO LETTERS Vol.15 No.1

<P>Silver nanowires are promising components of flexible electronics such as interconnects and touch displays. Despite the expected cyclic loading in these applications, characterization of the cyclic mechanical behavior of chemically synthesized high-quality nanowires has not been reported. Here, we combine in situ TEM tensile tests and atomistic simulations to characterize the cyclic stress–strain behavior and plasticity mechanisms of pentatwinned silver nanowires with diameters thinner than 120 nm. The experimental measurements were enabled by a novel system allowing displacement-controlled tensile testing of nanowires, which also affords higher resolution for capturing stress–strain curves. We observe the Bauschinger effect, that is, asymmetric plastic flow, and partial recovery of the plastic deformation upon unloading. TEM observations and atomistic simulations reveal that these processes occur due to the pentatwinned structure and emerge from reversible dislocation activity. While the incipient plastic mechanism through the nucleation of stacking fault decahedrons (SFDs) is fully reversible, plasticity becomes only partially reversible as intersecting SFDs lead to dislocation reactions and entanglements. The observed plastic recovery is expected to have implications to the fatigue life and the application of silver nanowires to flexible electronics.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2015/nalefd.2015.15.issue-1/nl503237t/production/images/medium/nl-2014-03237t_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl503237t'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

On the attributes of invert-emulsion drilling fluids modified with graphene oxide/inorganic complexes

Seyed Hasan Hajiabadi,Hamed Aghaei,Mahdieh Ghabdian,Mina Kalateh-Aghamohammadi,Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad,최형진 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.93 No.-

Drillingfluid properties can be modified using a variety of nano-additives to achieve specific rheologicaland physical characteristics. Selected invert-emulsion drillingfluids modified with three different kindsof graphene oxide (GO)-based nanomaterials including GO, Cu(II) salen, and Cu(II) salen@GO werefocused. The corresponding formation damage was evaluated through a set of core-flooding experimentsand computed tomography analyses on selected carbonate samples followed by a set of wettability-basedanalyses and electrical conductivity measurements. The results were bestfitted using the Casson modelwhile the employed nano-additives were evidenced to have negligible effect on reducing the depth ofpenetration. In addition, GO- and Cu(II) salen@GO additives were observed to decline the contact anglefor more than 20% and 35% in carbonate and sandstone samples, respectively, suggesting their potentialto resolve the wettability alteration issues. Furthermore, electrical conductivity of the drillingfluidsamples was increased for about 33 % using both Cu(II) salen and Cu(II) salen@GO additives.