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일부 자원자를 통한 납, 카드뮴의 다경로 인체 노출평가
오은하,임호섭,장재연,이은일,Oh, Eun-Ha,Lim, Ho-Sub,Jang, Jae-Yeon,Lee, Eun-Il 대한예방의학회 2006 예방의학회지 Vol.39 No.1
Objectives: We wanted to evaluate the main route of exposure to lead and cadmium for the general population in Korea by using multi-route and multi-media exposure assessment Methods: Samples of air at the homes, samples of the food and water and peripheral blood samples were collected from thirty volunteers living in Seoul (the metropolitan area), Yong-in (the suburban area) and Ansan (the industrial area) in 2001. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric methods were used for the determination of the Pb and Cd levels in the air, food, water and blood samples. Results: The average intake of lead through the air, drinking water and food were $5.06{\mu}g/day\;(26.3%)\;0.002{\mu}g/day\;(0.1%),\;and\;16.4{\mu}g/day\;(73.6%)$, respectively. The average intake of cadmium through the air, drinking water and food were $0.082{\mu}g/day\;(0.9%),\;0.001{\mu}g/day\;(0.007%),\;and\;12.61 {\mu}g/day\;(99.0%)$, respectively. The blood lead level was statistically higher in the male subjects than in the female subjects (3.39 and $2.22{\mu}g/dl$, respectively), and only gender was a significant variable on the multiple regression analysis for blood lead. Conclusions: This study showed that the intake of lead and cadmium through food was the major route of exposure. A policy to reduce the pollutants according to the exposure routes should be established. However, more studies will be needed to support these data for the general population.
모 자동차 도장공정에서 사용한 신너의 성분과 공기중 노출에 관한 연구 : Ethylene Glycol Ethers류를 중심으로
박동욱(Dong Wook Park),임호섭(Ho Sub Lim),김신범(Shin Bum Kim),정다운(Da Wun Jung) 한국환경보건학회 1999 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.25 No.1
This study was conducted to identify components of thinners and to evaluate worker´s exposure to them in an auto manufacturing plant. Main components including Ethylene Glycol Ether were analyzed quantitatively as well as qualitatively. More than 18 components were analyzed qualitatively in 12 thinner samples. Toluene was the most frequently detected, and its amount ranged from 8.5% to 62.5%. 11 of 12 thinner samples have EGEE, EGEEA, and EGBE named Ethylene Glycol Ether. 23.7% of EGEE was included in C sample and 3.3 % in G sample. EGEEA was detected to 7.3% in D sample, and lower than 2.6 % in other 6 samples. Amount of EGBE was as much as 25.9% in G sample, 19.6% in E sample, 14.6% in A sample, and 11.3% in C sample. In addition to these components, a little amount of several components such as ketone, alchol, ether, and ester were also detected. But all thinner samples have not included benzene. Mixing room shows the highest concentration. Of several material included in thinner, worker´s exposure to toluene was 12.9 ppm in mixing room, and 3.3 ppm in third room which were higher than other components. Ethylene Glycol Ether detected in air was only EGEEA. Frequency of EGEEA detected in the air was as much as 90% in the mixing room and 40% in the third room. Worker´s average exposure to EGEEA was 2.4 ppm lower than TLV(5 ppm). In order to evaluate worker´s exposure in process using thinner, air sample to analyze toluene, xylene, benzene, Ethylene Glycol Ether, MIBK must be taken
일부 반명형 호흡기 보호구에 대한 용접작업장에서의 Workplace Protection Factors(WPF) 평가
변상훈,임호섭,김현욱,나명채 한국산업위생학회 1999 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.9 No.1
This study was conducted to evaluate workplace protection factors(WPF) for two half-facepiece respirators (HR-1, HR-2) in welding workplace and to provide data on the workplace performance of negative-pressure, half-facepiece respirators against airborne particulate contaminants. The outside iron oxide(Fe2O3) concentration of welding fume for the respirator HR-1 ranged from 0.177 to 12.508 ㎎/m with a geometric mean of 1.118 ㎎/㎥ and the HR-2 respirator showed a iron oxide range of 0.500 to 3.494 ㎎/㎥ with a geometric mean of 1.082 ㎎/㎥. But the inside oxide concentration of welding fume for the respirator HR-1 ranged from 0.002 to 0.364 ㎎/㎥ with a geometric mean of 0.019 ㎎/㎥ and the HR-2 respirator showed a iron oxide range of 0.012 to 0.639 ㎎/㎥ with a geometric mean of 0.041 ㎎/d ㎥ The iron oxide inside concentrations were significantly less than 5 ㎎/㎥(TLV) for both of respirators. The WPF were ranged from 3 to 3744 with a geometric mean of 60 for HR-1 and range from 2 to 129 a geometric mean of 26 for HR-2. And, in this study, the 5th percentile of the workplace protection factors for half-facepiece aspirators (HR-1, HR-2) were 11.2 and 7.1, respectively. The correlation relationship between the Quantative Fit Factors(QNFT) and the WPF for half-mask negative pressure respirators were 0.099 and 0.460.
박동욱,조숙자,임호섭,백남원,윤충식,김신범 한국산업위생학회 1997 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.7 No.2
The objectives of this study were both to discuss the sampling method for airborne metalworking fluids(MWF)' mist and to suggest measures to minimize worker's exposure to carcinogen contained in metalworking fluids. In order to measure airborne MWF mist, it seems to be appropriate to use NIOSH Method #0500(filter weight) rather than NIOSH Method # 5026(analysis by FTIR). Because MWF mist on PVC filter evaporated and migrated during sampling worker's exposure to MWF could be underestimated. So, when evaluating worker's exposure to MWF mist, other environmental conditions also must be considered. Enclosure and local exhaust ventilation system seems to be the most effective measure and must he constructed with process facility. In order to control worker exposure to carcinogens contained in MWF, distillation type and condition for crude oil, PAH concentration in MWF, and viscosity index of MWF must legally he described.