신.재생에너지 발전설비의 원격 데이터 수집을 위한 통합 보안 관리시스템에 관한 연구

김형주,임중열,Kim, Hyoung-Ju,Lim, Jung-Yol 한국전기전자학회 2009 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.13 No.2

산업화가 가속되고 정보 가전기기의 사용이 급증함에 따라 열악한 국내 에너지 현실에서 신 재생 에너지의 개발과 보급은 절실히 요구되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 신 재생에너지의 적극적인 보급과 활용을 위하여, 분산 배치된 신 재생에너지 발전설비의 발전 데이터를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있는 통합 관리 운영시스템을 제안하였다. 또한 컴퓨터 바이러스. 스파이웨어와 다른 네트워크 문제로 인해 수집된 데이터의 유실을 방지하기 위해 통합 보완 관리 시스템을 적용하여 발전 데이터를 보호하도록 구성하였다. Development and diffusion of a new and renewable energy are acutely required at domestic energy actualities to be inferior as industrialization is accelerated, and use of information electric appliance is increased rapidly. For the diessemination and practical use of new and renewable energy, this paper presents an unified security management system that is efficiently able to acquire operational status date and control distributed generation facilities. Also, the unified security management system is suggested to protect gathered operational status date from unpredictable problems such as computer virus, spy ware, and any other network problems.

Siewert 분류에 의한 협의의 분문부 위암(type II)과 분문하 위암(type III)의 검토

김형주,권성준,Kim Hyoung-Ju,Kwon Sung Joon 대한위암학회 2004 대한위암학회지 Vol.4 No.3

Purpose: To determine the clinical value of the Siewert classification for gastic-cancer patients in Korea, we evaluated and compared the clinicopathologic factors of type II and type III cancer. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 89 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery for an adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between Jun. 1992 and Dec. 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: There were one patient with type I, 12 pateints with type II and 77 patients with type III. During the same period, 1,341 patients underwent surgery for a gastric carcinoma, so proportion of GEJ cancer being $6.6\%$. The median followup duration was 31 months (range: $2\∼135$ months), and the follow-up rate was $100\%$. Between type II and type III cancers, there were no significant differences in the clinicopathologic variables including age, sex, gross appearance, histologic type, depth of invasion, and pathologic stage. The longest diameter of the tumor was larger in type III ($6.1\pm2.1$ cm) than in type II ($3.9\pm1.1$ cm)(P=0.001). A total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy was done most frequently, while jejunal interposition was done in 3 cases of type II and 2 cases of type III. More than a D2 lymphadenectomy was done all cases. The numbers of dissected lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes in type II were 43.8 and 5.8 respectively, while they were 49.8 and 8.1 in type III, but the difference between the two groups were not statistically significant. The mean length of the proximal resection margin was $15\pm5$ mm in type II and $21\pm13$ mm in type III, but this difference was not statistically significanct. The time to recurrence after operation was 19.3 months in type II and 16.9 months in type III. The five-year survival rates of type II and III were $68.8\%\;and\;52.7\%$ respectively, but difference was not significant. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the clinicopathologic variables, including survival rate, between type II and type III cancers in Korean patients According to these findings, it appears to be reasonable to classify type III cancer as a cardia cancer in a broad sense.

근층 위암 세분류의 임상적 의미

김형주,권성준,한홍수,백승삼,Kim Hyoung-Ju,Kwon Sung Joon,Han Hong Xiu,Paik Seung Sam 대한위암학회 2005 대한위암학회지 Vol.5 No.2

목적: 일반적인 위암의 분류와 맞지 않게 고유근층까지 침범한 위암환자에서 몇몇 경우에는 조기위암의 그것과 유사하게 양호한 술 후 경과를 보이는 경우가 있다. 이에, 고유근층 침범도에 근거해서 고유근층 위선암으로 진단 받은 125예의 환자에 대한 후향적 분석을 시도하였다. 대상 및 방법: 125예의 고유근층 위암환자를 침윤도에 따라 세분류하여 전향적으로 임상병리학적 특징을 검토하고 222예의 점막하층 위암환자와 비교, 검토하였다. 각각의 환자에 대하여 100배 확대 시야에서 고유근층 내의 최대 심달도에 따라서 세분류하였다. 각 환자들은 심달도에 따라서 고유근층의 표층부 1/3까지만 침범한 경우를 mp1암, 그 이상으로 침범한 경우를 mp2암이라고 정의하였다. 결과: mp1암(n=50)인 환자는 mp2암(n=52)과 비교하여 림프절 전이율과 종양의 크기에서 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다(P=0.01,P=0.029). 5년 생존율에 있어서도 mp1암에서 mp2에서보다 통계적으로 유의하게 양호하였다($95.3\%\;vs.\;77.6\%$, P=0.0282). 림프절 전이가 없는 고유근층 암의 5년 생존율은 림프절 전이가 있는 경우보다 통계적으로 유의하게 양호하였다($93.3\%\;vs.\;78.2\%$, P=0.0192). 림프절 전이율에 있어서 mp1암은 점막하층암보다 유의하게 높았으나($42.5\%\;vs.\;23\%$, P=0.006) 5년 생존율에 있어서는 통계적으로 차이가 없었다. 결론: mp1암과 mp2암 사이에는 명확한 임상적 차이를 보였다. 고유근층암을 침윤도에 따라 세분류하는 것은 좀 더 정확한 예후 예측을 가능하게 할 수 있을 것이며 동시에 적절한 치료 계획을 세울 수 있을 것이다. 특히 mp1암의 임상병리학적 특징과 치료성적이 점막하층암의 그것과 유사하므로 점막하층암 환자에게 시행되는 것과 유사한 치료를 시행할 수 있을 것이다. Purpose: Some gastric cancer patients in whom the cancer has infiltrated up to the muscularis propria (mp) have a good postoperative course similar to that of early gastric cancer (EGC) patients (this does not match the general classification of gastric cancer). Therefore, we performed a retrospective analysis of 125 patients with mp gastric cancer based on the degree of mp invasion. Materials and Methods: The clinicopathologic features of 125 cases of mp gastric cancer were subdivided according to depth of invasion, and were retrospectively reviewed and compared with the surgical features of 222 patients with gastric cancer invading the submucosa (sm). For each tumor, using the section that showed the greatest extent of invasion, we evaluated the degree of tumor invasion into the mp layer at a magnification of $\times$100. The patients were classified into 2 groups: mp1, the tumor was limited to the first of the 3 mp layers, and mp2, the tumor had expanded beyond the first layer. Results: Patients with mp1 (n=50) had a significantly lower incidence of lymph node metastasis, and a smaller tumor size than patients with mp2 (n=75) (P=0.01 and P=0.029, respectively). The 5-year survival rate of mp1 patients was significantly better than that of mp2 patients ($95.3\%\;vs.\;77.6\%$, P=0.0282), but was similar to that ($91.2\%$) of the 222 sm patients. The 5-year survival rate of mp patients without lymph node metastasis (n=55) was significantly better than that of those with lymph node metastasis (n=70)($93.3\%\;vs.\;78.2\%$, P=0.0192). Patients with mp1 had a significantly higher incidence of lymph node metastasis ($42.5\%\;vs\;23\%$, P=0.006) than patients with sm. Conclusion: There were clear differences in clinical features between the mp1 and the mp2 patients. Subdivision of mp gastric cancer according to the depth of invasion may enable a more precise prognosis and a more pertinent treatment plan for mp patients. In particular, as the clinicopathological findings and surgical outcomes for mp1 patients were akin to those of the sm patients, mp1 patients may require treatment analogous to that administered to patients with sm gastric cancer. (J Korean Gastric Cancer Assoc 2005;5:101-105)

갑상선 결절의 수술적 치료에 있어서 세침흡인세포검사의 진단적 유용도

김형주,정파종,Hyoung-Ju Kim,M,D,and Pa Jong Jung,M,D 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2001 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.1 No.1

Purpose: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) and Frozen section biopsy (FS) have been used to distinguish benign lesions from malignancies and for deciding the extent of operative procedures to be used in the management of thyroid nodules. We performed this study in order to determine the diagnostic value of FNA, the need for FS in intraoperative procedures, and their value in deciding the extent of surgery. Methods: The medical records of 365 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery for thyroid nodules at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between Jan. 1996 and Dec. 1998 were reviewed retrospectively. Both FNA and FS were performed on all patients who underwent thyroid surgery during this period. Among these, 35 patients who were diagnosed as insufficient for diagnosis by FNA were excluded. Results: Definitive histopathological diagnosis revealed benign lesions in 232 patients and malignancies in 98. A borderline group consisted of patients whose specimens were interpreted as follicular neoplasms by FNA and FS. The overall results for FNA and FS were as follows: sensitivity, 98 versus 100; specificity 97 versus 99; and diagnostic accuracy, 97 versus 99%. Five patients who were diagnosed with benign lesions by FNA were rediagnosed by FS as having malignant lesions. The final diagnosis was papillary carcinoma. Of the 45 patients who were interpreted borderline by FNA, 7 patients had benign lesions and 38 were borderline by FS. Finally, 34 patients were diagnosed as having benign lesions and 11 as having malignancies. Conclusion: FNA has a high diagnostic accuracy for the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. FS may be unnecessary for patients whose FNA results indicate malignancy, particularly in cases of papillary carcinoma, therefore the routine use of FS for patients who have been diagnosed as having a papillary carcinoma by FNA may be omitted. If FNA results are borderline, FS may be helpful in confirming a follicular neoplasm. If FNA indicates a benign status, FS seems to be necessary to decide the extent of surgery. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2001;1:73-77)

위암에서 수술 전 혈액학적 검사의 예후인자로서의 가치

김형주,권성준,Kim Hyoung-Ju,Kwon Sung Joon 대한위암학회 2005 대한위암학회지 Vol.5 No.1

목적: 위암 환자에 있어 치료시작 전 환자의 전반적 상태를 평가하기 위해 시행하는 혈액학적 검사 소견이 예후를 예측하는데 유용한가를 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2000년 12월부터 2003년 12월까지의 기간 동안 위암으로 한양대학교병원 외과에서 위절제술을 받은 환자 중 수술 전 혈액학적 검사결과 및 생존여부를 확인할 수 있었던 357명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 침윤성 처치가 혈액학적 검사 결과에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 배제하기 위해 외래 및 입원직후 어떤 처치도 시행하기 전에 채취한 혈액만을 이용하였다. 대상환자들의 기록을 통해 혈청 알부민, 혈색소, 혈소판 수, 림프구 수, 병기, 술 후 생존여부 및 생존기간 등을 조사하였다. 혈청 알부민은 3.5 g/dl 이상, 혈색소는 12 g/dl 이상을 정상으로 정의하였고, 혈소판 증가증은 $400\times10^{3}{\mu}l$ 이상이라 정의하였다. 비정상적인 검사 결과가 한 가지라도 있는 경우(제1군), 세 검사 결과 모두 정상인 경우(제2군)등의 두 군으로 나누어 나이, 성별, 종양의 크기, 위치, 병기분포의 차이 및 생존율 차이의 통계적 유의성을 비교, 검토하였다. 결과: 각 군 간에 연령, 종양의 크기 등에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. TNM 병기가 진행할수록 혈청 알부민과 혈색소가 감소하고 혈소판 수가 증가하였으며 이는 모두 통계적 유의성을 보였다(P=0.000). 병기 분포에 있어서 제 1군에서 제 3군에 비해 진행된 경우가 유의하게 많았다. 종양의 위벽 침윤도 및 림프절 전이에 있어서 제 1군과 제 2군 사이에 유의한 차이가 있었으나(P=0.001, P=0.000) 원격전이의 경우 각 군 사이에 통계적인 차이는 없었다(P=0.125). 3년 생존률에 있어서 제 1군과 제 2군 사이에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(P=0.0375). 다변량 생존분석결과, 혈액학적 검사는 독립적인 예후 관련인자는 아니었다. 결론: 위암 환자에 있어서 술 전 시행한 혈액학적 검사는 비교적 저렴하고 간편한 검사로 환자의 일반적인 상태를 반영하며, 특히 혈소판 증가증, 혈청 알부민 감소, 빈혈 등이 나타난 경우 병의 예후가 나쁠 것임을 예측하는데 유용한 것으로 판단된다. Purpose: To determine the prognostic values of the hematologic parameters checked preoperatively in gastric cancer patients, we evaluated and compared the relationship between hematologic parameters and clinicopathologic factors of gastric cancer patient. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 357 consecutive patients who had undergone surgery for gastric cancer at the Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, between Dec. 2,000 and Dec. 2003 were reviewed. To exclude any adverse effect of invasive procedures to hematologic parameters, the samples taken immediately at outpatient department was used. The normal range of serum albumin was defined above 3.5 g/dl, serum hemoglobin above 12 g/dl, and serum platelet count under $400\times10^{3}{\mu}l$. Patients were defined as group 1 when any of these parameters was abnormal, and defined as group 2 when all parameters were normal. The relationships between hematologic parameters and survival rate were investigated. Results: The mean values of platelet count increased, but level of serum albumin and serum hemoglobin decreased significantly according to the advancement of the disease stage (P=0.000). The differences of depth of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis between the group 1 and the group2 was statistically significant (P=0.001). Three-year survival difference between group 1 and group 2 was significant (P=0.037). Conclusion: The hematologic parameters checked preoperatively in patients of gastric cancer are simple and cheap, meanwhile reflect the general condition of the patients. Any presence of anemia, hypoalbuminemia, or thrombocytosis can predict the progression of the disease and poor survival rates.

위에 발생한 소세포암의 임상 경험

김형주,박문향,권성준,Kim, Hyoung-Ju,Park, Moon-Hyang,Kwon, Sung-Joon 대한위암학회 2005 대한위암학회지 Vol.5 No.4

위에 발생하는 원발성 소세포암은 매우 드물며 예후는 좋지 않아 초기에 발견되어도 60% 이상이 1년 이내에 사망한다. 본원 외과에서 수술치료를 받은 위소세포암 첫 번째 증례는 수술소견상 복막전이 소견 등으로 근치적 수술이 불가능하여 위공장문합술을 시행하였다. 수술 후 etoposide, cisplatin화학요법을 시행하고 6개월 뒤에 찍은 CT촬영상 복막전이, 림프절전이가 악화되어 paclitaxel, cisplatin으로 약제변경 하였으나 수술 후 14개월째 사망하였다. 두 번째 증례는 내시경 조직검사상 위선암과 소세포암의 복합 소견을 보였으며 CT 촬영상 복강동맥주위 림프절종대 및 간전이 소견이 발견되었다. TS-1과 cisplatin 선행화학요법 2차 시행 후 림프절 종대는 완전관해, 원발소 및 간전이소는 부분관해 소견을 보여 위전절제술 및 확대림프절 절제술을 시행하였다. 수술로 절제된 위 및 주변 림프절 35개의 조직검사상 암세포가 모두 사멸되었으며 위내 원 발병소는 심한 심유화변성 소견을 보여 수술 전 사용한 항암요법이 유의했다고 판단되었다. 이에 수술 후에도 동일 제제로 4차례 추가 투약을 하였다. 수술 후 6개월에 시행한 CT촬영상 간전이가 진행된 소견을 보여 간우엽 후부절제술을 시행하고 이후 ininotecan과 cisplatin을 이용한 항암화학요법을 5차례 시행하고 있으며 술 후 14개월째 생존 중이다. 세 번째 증례는 순수 소세포암으로 근치적 위아전절제술을 시행하였으며 수술 후 5차례에 걸쳐 TS-1, cisplatin 보조항암화학요법 시행하였고 수술 후 13개월째 재발 없이 생존 중이다. To clarify the clinicopathologic features of small-cell carcinomas (SCC) of the stomach, we reviewed three cases of surgically treated SCC. The first case was a pure SCC, with severe pancreatic invasion and peritoneal seeding. A gastro-jejunostomy was performed. Postoperative chemotherapy was performed with CDDP and VP-16 (8 cycles) but showed disease progression (PD); a consecutive chemotherapy with CDDP and irinotencan (2 cycles) also showed PD. A third line with CDDP, VP16, ifosfamide, and mesna was followed by a 4th line (CDDP and Taxol). The male patient died with liver metastasis and peritoneal seeding 14 months after the operation. The second case was a SCC mixed with a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Profound lymphadenopathy and liver metastasis were found. Two cycles of preoperative chemotherapy with TS-1 and CDDP were performed, which showed nearly complete remission for lymphadenopathy and partial response for the primary tumor site and liver metastatic lesion. A total gastrectomy and extended lymphadenectomy was performed. There were no viable cancer cells in 35 retrieved lymph nodes. Postoperative chemotherapy using the same regimen was performed for 4 cycles. Enlarged liver metastasis was found at the follow-up CT scan, so a posterior segmentectomy of liver was performed. After liver surgery, the chemotherapy regimen was changed to irinotecan and cisplatin. This male patient has been in good health for the f4 months since gastric surgery. The third case was a pure SCC, and a subtotal gastrectomy was performed curatively. That male patient received 5 cycles of TS-1 and is still in good health 14 months after operation.

악성댓글 판별의 성능 향상을 위한 품사 자질에 대한 분석 연구

김형주(Hyoung Ju Kim),문종민(Moon Jong Min),김판구(Pan Koo Kim) 한국스마트미디어학회 2021 스마트미디어저널 Vol.10 No.4

인터넷의 사용이 광범위 해져감에 따라 변화되는 사회적 측면 중 하나는 온라인 공간에서의 의사소통이다. 과거에는 물리적으로 같은 공간에 있을 때를 제외하고는 일대일 대화만 원격으로 가능했지만, 요즘은 게시판이나 커뮤니티, 소셜네트워크서비스(SNS) 등을 통해 다수의 사람들과 원격으로 소통할 수 있는 기술이 발달했다. 이러한 정보통신망의 발달로 생활이 편리해지고, 동시에 급격한 정보교류에 따른 피해도 끊임없이 증가하고 있다. 최근에는 연예인뿐 아니라 인플루언서 등 인터넷에서 인지도가 높은 특정인에게 성적인 메시지를 보내거나 인신공격을 가하는 등의 사이버 범죄가 발생하고 있으며, 이들 사이버 범죄에 노출된 이들 중 일부는 극단적인 선택을 하기도 하였다. 본 논문에서는 악성 댓글로 인한 피해를 줄이기 위해 음성 부분별 기능추출을 통한 차별적 악성 댓글의 성능향상 방안을 연구하였다. One of the social aspects that changes as the use of the Internet becomes widespread is communication in online space. In the past, only one-on-one conversations were possible remotely, except when they were physically in the same space, but nowadays, technology has been developed to enable communication with a large number of people remotely through bulletin boards, communities, and social network services. Due to the development of such information and communication networks, life becomes more convenient, and at the same time, the damage caused by rapid information exchange is also constantly increasing. Recently, cyber crimes such as sending sexual messages or personal attacks to certain people with recognition on the Internet, such as not only entertainers but also influencers, have occurred, and some of those exposed to these cybercrime have committed suicide. In this paper, in order to reduce the damage caused by malicious comments, research a method for improving the performance of discriminate malicious comments through feature extraction based on parts-of-speech.

갑상선 결절의 수술적 치료에 있어서 세침흡인세포검사의 진단적 유용도

김형주(Hyoung-Ju Kim),정파종(Pa Jong Jung) 대한외과학회 2000 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.59 No.5

재난보도 방송언어의 오류 유형 및 개선 방향 -세월호 사고를 중심으로-

김형주 ( Hyeong Ju Kim ),서은아 ( Eun A Seo ),김미형 ( Mi Hyoung Kim ) 한말연구학회 2015 한말연구 Vol.- No.37

This study, as part of the Language Culture Improvement Movement, examines the language use in disaster broadcasting with the aim of preparing guidelines for appropriate language use in disaster news reporting. The analysis is carried out on news reports on the Sewol ferry disaster between April 10, 2014 and April 30, 2014 by three terrestrial broadcasters(KBS News 9, MBC Newsdesk, SBS 8 News) and three general cable TV channels(ChannelA News, MBN News 8, JTBC News 9). The collected news reports analyzed in terms of the following five criteria: normativeness(ungrammatical or unnatural expressions) accuracy(unfounded or unsourced information, conjectures, exaggeration, or abstruse expressions), decency(sensational or crude language), fairness(emotionally-charged, discriminatory, or biased language), comprehensibility(hard to understand terminology or Chinese and foreign words). The results are as follows: 20.9% of abstract words, 13.9% of obscure Chinese and foreign words, 13.0% of sensational language, 10.3%, of conjecture words, 10.2% of biased language, 7.6% of unfounded or unsourced information, 6.0% of non-normative and 5.9% of exaggerated word. Based on the results, the following measures for improvement are proposed. First disaster broadcasting should use language whose sentence constituents grammatically and semantically agree with each other for the speedy delivery of relevant information. Second, disaster broadcasting should reveal details of the source of information. Third, disaster broadcasting should refrain from using conjectures, and acknowledge their use if unavoidable. Fourth, disaster broadcasting should not exaggerate in order to stress or highlight ``a certain situation``. Fifth, disaster broadcasting should use plain language for accurate delivery of information.

분산 배치된 신 · 재생에너지 발전설비의 효율적 관리를 위한 데이터 수집 관리 시스템

김형주(Kim Hyoung Ju) The Research and Information Service 2003 남부대학교 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

Recently, annual usage of energy is dramatically increasing as industrialization is going faster and more electricity is needed due to various electronic devices although oil infrastructure in the twenty-first century depends on finite fossil fuel such as gasoline, coal, and natural gas. To encourage the practical application of new and renewable energy sources, standard data for saving energy and evaluating atmospheric environment are demanded, and the date ought to be revised and made up through long-term analysis of the sources, and so on. For this reason, this paper presents a data capture system for the efficient management of distributed new and renewable energy facilities is suggested.