Association between C16orf47 Gene and Serum Liver Enzyme Levels in the Korean Population

Hyo?Jun Ahn,Yong?Bin Eom 대한의생명과학회 2013 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.19 No.3

Serum liver enzyme levels are widely used in the clinical diagnosis of liver diseases and the assessment of liver status. They also have epidemiological significance to be prospective risk factors for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease. In the previous study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several genes have been reported to be associated with serum liver enzyme levels in American population. We aimed to confirm whether the genetic variation of C16orf47 (chromosome 16 open reading frame 47) gene also influence the serum liver enzyme levels in Korean population. We genotyped variants in or near C16orf47 in a population?based sample including 994 unrelated Korean adult. Here, we performed association analysis to elucidate the possible relations of genetic polymorphisms in C16orf47 gene with serum liver enzyme levels. By examining genotype data of a total of 944 subjects in 5 hospital health promotion center, we discovered the C16orf47 gene polymorphisms are associated with serum liver enzyme levels. The common and highest significant polymorphism was rs7203412 (β=3.68, P=3.66E?06) with glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (GOT) and rs7203412 (β=6.2, P=7.06E?05) with glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in all group. Furthermore, the SNP rs7203412 was consistently associated with GOT (β=6.41, P=6.78E?08) and GPT (β=11.53, P=2.81E?06) in men group. Consequently, we found statistically significant SNP in C16orf47 gene that are associated with serum levels of GOT and GPT. In addition, these results suggest that the individuals with the minor alleles of the SNP in the C16orf47 gene may be more elevated serum liver enzyme levels in the Korean population.

수소화반응에 따른 ErFe₂합금의 상변화에 연구

안효준 국립경상대학교 공과대학 부설 첨단소재연구소 1993 尖端素材 Vol.3 No.-

In order to study the phase changes of ErFe₂by hydrogenation reaction, static and cyclic hydrogenation were performed. During the static isothermal hydrogenation, an amorphous hydride phase is observed at about 200℃, and phase decomposition of stable hydride, ErH₂and Fe at 350℃. Hydrogen absorption-desorption cycling results in a decrease in the reversible hydrogen content with increasing number of cycles. As a result of degradation, amorphous of mixed ErH₂and Fe phases are formed. The heat of hydrogenation and repetitive strain induce a phase decompositiobn. Amorphous hydride phase formation as wel as binary stable hydride is one of the possible degradation mechanism of the metal hydride during cyclic operation.

폴리카보네이트 수지의 압출가공 특성

안영철,김효준,박인수 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1998 硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.3

본 연구에서는 단축 압출기 내 수지 이동 현상을 이론적으로 해석하고, 구조와 물성을 알고 있는 비스페놀-A계 폴리카보네이트에 대하여 스크루우 회전속도와 유량을 측정하여 이론식으로부터 통로와 길이에 따른 압력의 분포 등을 계산하여 비교하였다. 그 결과, 같은 수평균 분자량을 가질 때 분자량분포가 넓은 것은 유리전이온도가 낮아 연화하기가 쉬울 뿐만아니라, 토출량이 많음에도 불구하고 압출기 내 고체층의 압력분포가 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 완전용융길이도 상대적으로 짧아짐을 보였다. 따라서, 폴리카보네이트의 화학적 구조나 수평균분자량이 같을 때 분자량분포가 넓은 것이 가공성이 우수하다고 판단된다. The transport phenomena of a plastic resin in a single screw extruder has been analyzed theoretically and from the theoretical formulas the pressure distributions along the screw channel were computed and compared with each other by measuring the screw revolution speed and the flow rate for some bisphenol-A polycarbonates for which the structure and properties are known. The results showed that when the number average molecular weights are equal, a polymer having higher molecular weight distribution not only has a lower glass transition temperature ans softens more easily by heating, but also has a lower pressure distribution in the screw in spite of the increased flow rate. It also had a shorter melting length than a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution. Therefore, it can be said that when the chemical structure ans number average molecular weights are same, a polycarbonate resin having higher molecular weight distribution has a better processability than a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution.

고탁도시 DAF 정수장의 운영 및 진단

권순범,안효원,강준구,손병용 대한상하수도학회 2004 상하수도학회지 Vol.18 No.2

DAF process has been designed considering raw water quality characteristics in Korea. Although direct filtration is usually operated, DAF is operated when the freshwater blooms occur or raw water turbidity become high. Pre-sedimentation is prepared in case when raw water turbidity is very high by rainstorms. A main feature of this plant is that the operation mode can be changed (controlled) based on the characteristics of raw water to optimize the effluent quality and the operation costs. Treatment capacity (surface loading rate) and efficiency of DAF was found to be better than conventional sedimentation process. Moreover, lowdensity particles (algae and alum flocs) are easily separated while it is difficult to remove in sedimentation. One of the main concerns in adoption of DAF (Dissolved-Air-Rotation) process is a high raw water turbidity problem. That is, DAF is not adequate for raw water, which is more turbid than 100MU. In order to avoid this problem, pre-sedimentation basins are prepared in OAF plant to decrease the turbidity of DAF influent. For simulation of the actual operation, bench and full-scale tests were performed for highly turbid water conditions. Consequently, DAF process coupled with sedimentation is suggested that pre-sedimentation with optimum coagulation prior to DAF would be appropriate.

귓바퀴에 발생한 Spitz 모반 1예

고나영,박준하,안효현,계영철,김수남 대한피부과학회 2006 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.44 No.4

백서 혈관평활근 세포에서 α-Lipoic acid가 PAI-1 발현, 세포의 증식, 주유능 및 신생내막 형성억제에 미치는 효과

신동우,이동욱,이상준,김혜순,강효경,안종덕,이인규 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.6

연구배경:당뇨병의 혈관 합병증의 발생에 있어서 산화스트레스는 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 혈관 평활근세포에서 고혈당은 안지오텐신Ⅱ와 더불어 활성산소족(ROS)을 증가시키며, 산화스트레스에 민감한 전사인자들을 활성화시켜 동맥경화증을 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이에 저자들은 항산화제로 알려진 알파­리포산이 혈관 평활근세포의 증식속도와 이주에 미치는 영향과 PAI­1발현에 미치는 영향을 조사하였고 이와 동시에 백서의 혈관 손상 모델을 이용하여 알파­리포산이 신생내막 증식을 억제시킬 수 있는지를 알아보았다. 방법:In vitro 실험은 백서의 대동맥 평활근세포를 고농도의 포도당(22mM)과 100nM의 안지오텐신Ⅱ로 4시간 배양하였다. 알파­리포산을 처리 후, PAI­1 mRNA의 발현을 보기 위해 노던 블롯을 시행하였고 평활근세포의 유주능과 증식속도에 미치는 영향을 보기 위해 성장속도의 유주능 분석을 시행하였다. 또한 평활근세포의 유주능에 NF­μB 경로가 미치는 영향을 보기 위해 겔 지연 분석과 NF­μB 보고 유전자 분석을 시행하였다. In vivo 실험으로 백서의 혈관손상 모델을 이용하여 알파­리포산 처리 후 혈관의 신생내막 두께를 비교하였다. 결과:In vitro 실험에서 고농도 포도당과 안지오텐신Ⅱ에 의해 유도된 PAI­1 mRNA 발현증가는 알파­리포산 처리에 의하여 용량에 비례하여 억제되었다(p<0.05). 알파­리포산 처리로 혈관 평활근세포의 유주능은 유의하게 억제되었으나(p<0.01),증식속도는 유의하게 억제되지 않았다. 또한 알파­리포산 처리로 NF­μB 발현도 유의하게 억제되었다(p<0.01). In vivo 실험에서 알파­리포산을 주입한 군에서 혈관손상에 의한 신생내막의 증식이 유의하게 억제되는 것을 보여주었다(p<0.01). 결론:알파­리포산은 백서의 대동맥 평활근 세포의 증식속도는 억제하지 못했으나 유주능은 유의하게 억제하였으며, 혈관 손상 모델에서 신생 내막 증식도 유의하게 억제함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 작용은 알파­리포산에 의한 NF­μB 경로의 억제와 연관이 있는 것으로 사료된다. Background : Exposure to large amounts of glucose causes a characteristic dysfunction and morphologic changes of the endothelium by an increased production of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in diabetes. The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1), which modulates fibrinolysis and cell migration may influence proteolysis and neointimal formation in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC). Antioxidants have been proposed to inhibit multiple proatherogenic events. This study investigated the effect of α-lipoic acid on PAI-1 expression and VSMC proliferation and migration both in vivo and in vitro. Methods : In the in vitro study, cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells(RASMC) were incubated in a medium containing high glucose (22 mM) and 100 nM angiotensin Ⅱ for 4 hour. After α-lipoic acidtreatment, a -migration and growth assay of the RASMC, and a gelmobility shift assay and reportergene analysis for nuclear factor- иB(NF- иB) and northern blot analysis for PAI-1 were performed. In the in vivo study, the effect of α-lipoic acid on neointimal hyperplasia in a rat carotid balloon injury model was evaluated. Results : RASMC migration was inhibited significantly by α-lipoic acid (p<0.01), but their prolife ration was not inhibited. The NF-иB DNA binding activity and NF-иB promoter activity was inhibited by α-lipoic acid significantly (p<0.01). α-lipoic acid inhibited PAI-1 mRNA expression by high glucose and angiotensin Ⅱ in dose dependent manner (p<0.05). In the rat carotid artery balloon injury model, neointimal formation was reduced by α-lipoic acid treatment in a dose dependent manner significantly (p<0.01). Conclusion : α-lipoic acid suppresses migration, but not prolife ration in RASMC. α-lipoic acid also reduce neointima formation in a rat carotid balloon injured model. This effect might be related to the blocking of NF-иB which increase the expression of the genes associated with atherosclerosis including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, endothelin-1, MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, tissue factor(J Kor Diabetes Asso 25:446~459, 2001).

Treatment Efficacy and Safety of Tenofovir-based Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients for 96 Weeks: A Real Life Cohort Study in Korea

( Hyo Jun Ahn ),( Myeong Jun Song ),( Jeong Won Jang ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Seung Kew Yoon ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) based therapy in naive and treatment experienced chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients for 96 weeks in Korean real life practice. Methods: 209 CHB patients who had prescription for TDF at Seoul and Daejeon St. Mary’s hospital were enrolled from December, 2012 to October, 2014. We compared the virological responses and renal safety of naive and treatment experienced patients Results: Overall complete virological response (CVR) showed 80.4% and 84.6% of patients at week 48 and 96, respectively. In subgroup analysis, CVR at week 96 were 88.4%, 75.0 %, 75.5%, and 83.3%, in the lamivudine-resistant (LAM-R) group, Adefovir-resistant (ADV-R) group, multidrug-resistant (MDR) group, and suboptimal response group, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, ADV-R, MDR, HBV DNA, and HBeAg were independent predictors for CVR. In renal safety, Diabetes mellitus (DM), cirrhosis, and initial low estimated glomerular filtration rate were independent factors affecting Cr elevation (≥ 0.5mg/dL). Moreover, we note that 2 patients with DM and cirrhosis have experienced TDF-related Fanconi syndrome. Conclusions: TDF-based therapy demonstrated sustained viral suppression and a favorable safety throughout 2 years. Compared to the naive group, the LAM-R and suboptimal response group showed comparable efficacy, while the ADV-R group and MDR group both showed a relatively low efficacy. Also, the ADV-R group and MDR group were significantly associated with a low CVR. Close monitoring of renal function may be recommended in CHB patients receiving TDF, especially with DM and cirrhosis

Analysis of Risk Factor for the Development of Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Patients with Traumatic Subdural Hygroma

Ahn, Jun Hyong,Jun, Hyo Sub,Kim, Ji Hee,Oh, Jae Keun,Song, Joon Ho,Chang, In Bok The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2016 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.59 No.6

Objective : Although a high incidence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) following traumatic subdural hygroma (SDG) has been reported, no study has evaluated risk factors for the development of CSDH. Therefore, we analyzed the risk factors contributing to formation of CSDH in patients with traumatic SDG. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed patients admitted to Hallym University Hospital with traumatic head injury from January 2004 through December 2013. A total of 45 patients with these injuries in which traumatic SDG developed during the follow-up period were analyzed. All patients were divided into two groups based on the development of CSDH, and the associations between the development of CSDH and independent variables were investigated. Results : Thirty-one patients suffered from bilateral SDG, whereas 14 had unilateral SDG. Follow-up computed tomography scans revealed regression of SDG in 25 of 45 patients (55.6%), but the remaining 20 patients (44.4%) suffered from transition to CSDH. Eight patients developed bilateral CSDH, and 12 patients developed unilateral CSDH. Hemorrhage-free survival rates were significantly lower in the male and bilateral SDG group (logrank test; p=0.043 and p=0.013, respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed male (OR, 7.68; 95% CI 1.18-49.78; p=0.033) and bilateral SDG (OR, 8.04; 95% CI 1.41-45.7; p=0.019) were significant risk factors for development of CSDH. Conclusion : The potential to evolve into CSDH should be considered in patients with traumatic SDG, particularly male patients with bilateral SDG.

Can histologic remission be a better prognostic factor and therapeutic target beyond endoscopic mucosal healing in patients with ulcerative colitis?

Hyo Jun Ahn,Sang-Bum Kang 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.1

Association between SMAD2 Gene and Serum Liver Enzyme Levels in the Korean Population

Hyo-Jun Ahn,Jae Woong Sull,Yong-Bin Eom 대한의생명과학회 2013 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.19 No.2

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of common variants associated with serum liver enzyme homeostasis in population. In the previous study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several genes have been reported to be associated with serum liver enzyme levels in European population. We aimed to confirm whether the genetic variation of SMAD2 (SMAD family member 2) gene influence the serum liver enzyme levels in Korean population. We genotyped variants in or near SMAD2 in a population-based sample including 994 unrelated Korean adult. Here, we performed association analysis to elucidate the possible relations of genetic polymorphisms in SMAD2 gene with serum liver enzyme levels. By examining genotype data of a total of 944 subjects in 5 hospital health promotion center, we discovered the SMAD2 gene polymorphisms are associated with serum liver enzyme levels. The common and highest significant polymorphism was rs17736760 (β=3.51, P=5.31E-07) with glutamic oxaloacetic transferase (GOT), rs17736760 (β=5.99, P=1.25E-05) with glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and rs17736760 (β=15.68, P=9.93E-07) with gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) in all group. Furthermore, the SNP rs17736760 was consistently associated with GOT (β=5.25, P=1.72E-06), GPT (β=9.97, P=1.16E-05), GGT (β=26.13, P=3.43E-06) in men group. Consequently, we found statistically significant SNP in SMAD2 gene that are associated with serum levels of GOT, GPT, and GGT. In addition, these results suggest that the individuals with the minor alleles of the SNP in the SMAD2 gene may be more elevated serum liver enzyme levels in the Korean population.