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The prognosis of patients less than 40 years with bladder cancer.
Na, Seong Woong,Yu, Seong Hyeon,Kim, Kwang Ho,Hwang, Eu Chang,Jung, Seung Il,Kwon, Dong Deuk,Kang, Taek Won Medknow Publications 2014 Journal of cancer research and therapeutics Vol.10 No.3
<P>Natural history of young patients with bladder cancer has not yet been known. So this study aimed to understand characteristics and prognosis of patients less than 40 years with bladder cancer.</P>
Kwon, Sun-Jung,Jeon, Tae-Hyeon,Seo, Dong-Wook,Na, Moon-Joon,Choi, Eu-Gene,Son, Ji-Woong,Yoo, Eun-Hyung,Park, Chang-Gyo,Lee, Hoi-Young,Kim, Ju-Ock,Kim, Sun-Young,Kang, Jae-Ku The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.3
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) requires prompt and appropriate treatment. Since methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a frequent pathogen in VAP, rapid identification of it, is pivotal. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as a useful method for etiologic diagnoses of MRSA pneumonia. Methods: We performed qPCR for mecA, S. aureus-specific femA-SA, and S. epidermidis-specific femA-SE genes from bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial washing samples obtained from clinically-suspected VAP. Molecular identification of MRSA was based on the presence of the mecA and femA-SA gene, with the absence of the femA-SE gene. To compensate for the experimental and clinical conditions, we spiked an internal control in the course of DNA extraction. We estimated number of colony-forming units per mL (CFU/mL) of MRSA samples through a standard curve of a serially-diluted reference MRSA strain. We compared the threshold cycle (Ct) value with the microbiologic results of MRSA. Results: We obtained the mecA gene standard curve, which showed the detection limit of the mecA gene to be 100 fg, which corresponds to a copy number of 30. We chose cut-off Ct values of 27.94 (equivalent to $1{\times}10^4$ CFU/mL) and 21.78 (equivalent to $1{\times}10^5$ CFU/mL). The sensitivity and specificity of our assay were 88.9% and 88.9% respectively, when compared with quantitative cultures. Conclusion: Our results were valuable for diagnosing and identifying pathogens involved in VAP. We believe our modified qPCR is an appropriate tool for the rapid diagnosis of clinical pathogens regarding patients in the intensive care unit.
( Sun Jung Kwon ),( Taeh Yeon Jeon ),( Dong Wook Seo ),( Moon Joon Na ),( Eu Gene Choi,),( Ji Woong Son ),( Eun Hyung Yoo ),( Chang Gyo Park ),( Hoi Young Lee ),( Ju Ock Kim ),( Sun Young Kim ),( Jae 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2012 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.72 No.3
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) requires prompt and appropriate treatment. Since methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a frequent pathogen in VAP, rapid identification of it, is pivotal. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) as a useful method for etiologic diagnoses of MRSA pneumonia. Methods: We performed qPCR for mecA, S. aureus-specific femA-SA, and S. epidermidis-specific femA-SE genes from bronchoalveolar lavage or bronchial washing samples obtained from clinically-suspected VAP. Molecular identification of MRSA was based on the presence of the mecA and femA-SA gene, with the absence of the femA-SE gene. To compensate for the experimental and clinical conditions, we spiked an internal control in the course of DNA extraction. We estimated number of colony-forming units per mL (CFU/mL) of MRSA samples through a standard curve of a serially-diluted reference MRSA strain. We compared the threshold cycle (Ct) value with the microbiologic results of MRSA. Results: We obtained the mecA gene standard curve, which showed the detection limit of the mecA gene to be 100 fg, which corresponds to a copy number of 30. We chose cut-off Ct values of 27.94 (equivalent to 1×104 CFU/mL) and 21.78 (equivalent to 1×105 CFU/mL). The sensitivity and specificity of our assay were 88.9% and 88.9% respectively, when compared with quantitative cultures. Conclusion: Our results were valuable for diagnosing and identifying pathogens involved in VAP. We believe our modified qPCR is an appropriate tool for the rapid diagnosis of clinical pathogens regarding patients in the intensive care unit.
Hpall- Mspl Methylation Microarray를 이용한 비소세포폐암의 DNA Methylation Marker 발굴
권미혜 ( Mi Hye Kwon ),이고은 ( Go Eun Lee ),권선중 ( Sun Jung Kwon ),최유진 ( Eu Gene Choi ),나문준 ( Moon Jun Na ),조현민 ( Hyun Min Cho ),김영진 ( Young Jin Kim ),설혜정 ( Hye Jung Sul ),조영준 ( Young Jun Cho ),손지웅 ( Ji Woo 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.65 No.6
연구배경: 유전자의 후생적인 변화(epigenetic alteration)는 악성종양의 병인론에 있어서 유전자 변이와 동등한 위치를 점하고 있다. 특히 종양억제 유전자의 전사 촉진(promoter) 부위에 발생하는 비정상적인 메칠화(methylation)는 유전자의 발현을 침묵화(silencing)하고, 결과적으로 유전자의 기능 소실을 일으키게 된다. 저자들은 CpG island와 HpaII site를 가지고 있으며 암화 과정에 관여할 것으로 생각되는 유전자에 대하여 HpaII-MspI methylation microarray를 이용하여 새로운 종양억제 유전자를 발굴하고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 건양대학교 병원에서 수술한 비 소세포성 폐암 환자 10명에서 폐암조직과 상응하는 암 주변의 정상조직을 얻었으며, HpaII-MspI methylation microarray (Methyl-Scan DNA chip(R), Genomic tree, Inc, South Korea)를 이용하여 21개의 유전자에 대하여 DNA methylation profile을 분석하였다. 각각의 유전자에서 메칠화된 정도를 두 그룹에서 비교하였고, 정상 대조군으로 두 명의 젊고 건강한 기흉 환자에서 수술한 폐 조직에 대하여 methylation profile을 분석하였다. 결과: 21개의 대상 유전자 중 10개의 유전자에서 폐암조직, 폐암 주변 정상 조직, 대조군에서 모두 공통적으로 과메칠화 되었고, 나머지 11개의 유전자 중 APC, AR, RAR-b, HTR1B, EPHA3, CFTR의 6개의 유전자에서 대조군에서 메칠화가 없으며, 폐암조직에서 폐암 주변 정상 조직에 비하여 더 빈번하게 과메칠화 되었다. 결론: HTR1B, EPHA3, CFTR은 비소세포 폐암에서 후생적 변화로 발생하는 새로운 종양억제 유전자의 후보유전자로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각한다. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2008;65:495-503) Background: Epigenetic alterations in certain genes are now known as at least important as genetic mutation in pathogenesis of cancer. Especially abnormal hypermethylation in or near promoter region of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are known to result in gene silencing and loss of gene function eventually. The authors tried to search for new lung cancer-specific TSGs which have CpG islands and HpaII sites, and are thought to be involved in carcinogenesis by epigenetic mechanism. Methods: Tumor tissue and corresponding adjacent normal tissue were obtained from 10 patients who diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and underwent surgery in Konyang university hospital in 2005. Methylation profiles of promoter region of 21 genes in tumor tissue & non-tumor tissue were examined with HpaII-MspI methylation microarray (Methyl-Scan DNA chip(R), Genomic tree, Inc, South Korea). The rates of hypermethylation were compared in tumor and non-tumor group, and as a normal control, we obtained lung tissue from two young patients with pneumothorax during bullectomies, methylation profiles were examined in the same way. Results: Among the 21 genes, 10 genes were commonly methylated in tumor, non-tumor, and control group. The 6 genes of APC, AR, RAR-b, HTR1B, EPHA3, and CFTR, among the rest of 11 genes were not methyl-lated in control, and more frequently hypermethylated in tumor tissue than non-tumor tissue. Conclusion: In the present study, HTR1B, EPHA3, and CFTR are suggested as possible novel TSGs of NSCLC by epigenetic mechanism.
( Hyung Jun Choi ),( Eu Na Kwon ),( Jae Il Lee ),( Jeong Hwan Che ),( Jong Rhan Kim ),( Yeong Geon Lee ),( Yun Hyeok Jeong ),( Yong Soon Lee ),( Kyung Sun Kang ),( Byoung Hyun Min ),( Byeong Cheol Kan 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.14
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has emerged as a potentially powerful tool for osteochondral repair, but the safety of stem cells in vivo is still not clear. In this study, we assessed the safety and efficacy of canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (cATMSCs) or umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (cUCBMSCs) in osteochondral repair. The test cells were implanted at the site of an osteochondral defect surgically created on the trochlear groove of beagle dogs. To address safety concerns in this model, we conducted a GLP-compliant study. We observed no significant treatment-related changes in body weights, clinical signs, food consumption, hematological or biochemical values, organ weights, or histopathological findings. The stem cell implants induced no detectable tumor formation or local or systemic rejection reaction. In the assessment of effectiveness, 13-week samples from both the cATMSC- and cUCBMSC-implanted groups showed fibrous tissue formation in the extracellular matrix scaffold of the defect similar to that of controls. However, repaired tissues in stem cell-seeded groups showed partial differentiation toward an osteochondral phenotype. These findings support the safety of cATMSC or cUCBMSC transplantation, and show that the cells may potentially differentiate into osteochondral tissues in our canine model. Our study provides a framework in which to establish preclinical safety standards for the development of cellular therapeutics.
호흡기 ; 만성 폐쇄성폐질환의 폐기능 검사와 운동 검사의 비교
나운태 ( Woon Tae Na ),박주호 ( Joo Ho Park ),이고은 ( Go Eun Lee ),권선중 ( Sun Jung Kwon ),손지웅 ( Ji Woong Son ),나문준 ( Moon Jun Na ),최유진 ( Eu Gene Choi ) 대한내과학회 2009 대한내과학회지 Vol.76 No.5
목적: 일반폐기능 검사만으로는 COPD 환자가 실생활에서 겪는 장애정도와 운동 내성의 한계를 예측하는 데는 한계가 있어, 일반폐기능 검사와 운동부하심폐기능 검사를 이용하여 COPD 환자를 중증도별로 하여 각각 분류하고 그 결과를 비교하여, 운동부하폐기능 검사의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: COPD 환자 105명을 대상으로 안정 시 폐기능 검사와 운동부하심폐기능 검사를 시행하였고, 결과는 표준 의학중증도 분류에 의해 categorical statistical comparison으로 분석하였다. 결과: 두 검사에서 COPD 환자 105명 중 오직 44명(42%)의 환자가 일치된 결과를 보였다. 나머지 환자들 중 21명(20%)은 일반폐기능 검사보다 운동부하심폐기능 검사에서 경한 판정을 받았고, 40명(38%)은 운동부하심폐기능 검사에서 더 심한 판정을 받았다. 운동부하심폐기능 검사에서 더 심한 판정을 받은 환자들은 운동부하 검사 심혈관계 지표들이 보다 감소되어 있었다. 결론: COPD 환자의 운동능력은 일반폐기능 검사만으로는 예측하는 데는 한계가 있으며, 전신질환으로서의 COPD 질환을 이해하고 예측하는데 있어 운동부하폐기능 검사도 일부 도움을 주리라 생각되나, 앞으로 좀 더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다. Background/Aims: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an incompletely reversible airflow limitation. Pulmonary function test (PFT) has been considered the gold standard test for diagnosis and severity evaluation in COPD. However, PFT by spirometry does not provide information about exercise performance in COPD patients. Therefore, the present study was performed to compare pulmonary function determined by spirometry with exercise function determined by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) for grading of COPD. Methods: A total of 105 patients with airway obstruction were examined. The patients` mean age was 65 years, and the mean smoking history was 27 pack-years. The patients underwent spirometry and CPET. The results were analyzed by categorical statistical comparison, based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and American Thoracic Society guidelines. Results: The two methods agreed on the classification of only 44 patients (42%). Of the remaining patients, 21 (20%) were found to be less severe according to CPET than according to PFT, whereas 40 (38%) were more severe. Those who were more severe according to CPET had significantly low maximal minute ventilation, low anaerobic threshold, low oxygen pulse, and high breathing reserve. Conclusions: The present study revealed the large disagreement between the results of resting and exercise pulmonary function tests, and therefore suggests the need for a novel approach or guideline. Additional cardiological evaluation may be needed in patients classified as more severe according to CPET, who are assumed to have a greater degree of impairment of cardiovascular function. (Korean J Med 76:571-577, 2009)
중환자실 입원 환자의 비강 도말에서 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균의 분자역학, 항생제 내성 연구
곽엄섭 ( Om Sub Kwak ),권미혜 ( Mee Hye Kwon ),정지현 ( Ji Hyun Jeong ),강미일 ( Mi Il Kang ),천지영 ( Ji Young Cheun ),이고은 ( Go Eun Lee ),김영근 ( Young Keun Kim ),최유진 ( Eu Gene Choi ),나문준 ( Moon Jun Na ),권희욱 ( Hee Uk 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2008 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.65 No.2
연구배경: 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균은 의료기관 관련 감염 뿐 아니라 지역사회 감염에서도 나타나 이에 저자들은 한 대학병원 중환자실에 입원한 환자의 비강 도말 배양을 통해 MRSA의 의료기관 관련 감염 및 지역사회 감염의 빈도와 분자 역학 및 항생제 내성을 연구하였다. 방법: 2006년 6월에서 9월까지 건양대학교 병원 중환자실 환자 353명을 대상으로 입실 첫날 비강 도말 배양을 시행하여 MRSA 획득 위험인자에 따라 HA-MRSA와CA-MRSA로 나누어 Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophorosis(PFGE)로 분류하여 각각의 항생제 내성 검사를 시행하였다. 결과: 353명 중 비강 도말 배양에서 동정된 MRSA는 42명(11.9%)이며, 동정된 MRSA 중 HA-MRSA는 33명(78.6%), CA-MRSA는 9명(21.4%)이다. PFGE에서 type A에서 type K까지 11형으로 구분하였고 HA-MRSA는 type A (n=9), B (n=7)가, CA-MRSA는 type A (n=2), B (n=2)가 주로 나타났다. 항생제 내성률은 erythromycin, ciprofloxacin에서 HA-MRSA가 CA-MRSA보다 높게 나타났다. 결론: MRSA의 집락률은 11.9%이며 HA-MRSA의 균주가 CA-MRSA보다 많고, CA-MRSA는 9예로 적은 예지만 PFGE type에서 대부분의 type이 HA-MRSA에서 동정된 type과 같은 경향을 보여 지역사회전파를 시사한다. Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the most common organism associated with nosocomial infections. MRSA infections are becoming increasing important because they have emerged no only as healthcare-associated (HA) infections but also as community-associated (CA) ones. This study examined the moleculo-epidemiology of MRSA, which was isolated from nasal swabs in the intensive care unit (ICU) at Konyang University Hospital. MRSA are classified into HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA. Methods: From June to September 2006, 353 patients who were admitted to the ICU in Konyang University Hospital were enrolled in this study. Single nasal swabs were obtained for culture in the ICU on the 1st day. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and the antimicrobial resistant patterns were analyzed between HA- and CA-MRSA. An antimicrobial sensitivity test was also performed. Results: Forty two strains of MRSA were isolated from 353 patients (11.9%). Among the 42 isolates, HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA were found in 33 (78.6%), and 9 (21.4%), respectively. Eleven different PFGE types (type A to K) were identified. Types A (n=9) and B (n=7) were the most common for HA-MRSA, and types A (n=2) and B (n=2) were identified in CA-MRSA. The proportion of types A and B in CA-MRSA (44.4%) was similar to that in HA-MRSA (48.5%). The rates of resistance rates to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin were higher in HA-MRSA than in CA-MRSA. Conclusion: The rate of isolation of MRSA in an ICU setting was 11.9%. HA-MRSA was isolated more frequently than CA-MRSA. The rate of resistance of HA-MRSA to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin was higher than that of CA-MRSA. Despite the small number of subjects, the main isolates (type A and B) of CA-MRSA were similar to those of HA-MRSA. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2008;65:91-98)